Oskar Bordeaux
Not a member yet
151482 research outputs found
Sort by
Tree diversity and density affect injuries caused by the invasive pest Cameraria ohridella in urban areas
No full textInvasive, non-native invasive pests pose a growing threat to urban trees and the services they provide to urban residents. With the reluctance to use chemical insecticides in cities, environmentally friendly methods of pest management are needed. Tree diversity is known to affect insect herbivory in forest, with higher tree species diversity leading to lower level of damage. However, the validity of those findings for a non-native insect in an urban environment remains to be demonstrated. We monitored 54 horse chestnut trees attacked by the invasive horse chestnut leafminer Cameraria ohridella in the city of Bordeaux, France. We analyzed the effects of neighboring tree diversity and density on the abundance, injury and parasitism rate of these leafminers. We showed that the abundance and injuries of C. ohridella significantly increased with higher local tree canopy cover. We found that the parasitism rate of C. ohridella increased with the species diversity of neighboring trees. However, this increase in parasitism rate was not associated with a decrease in leaf area injured. Our results pave the way for the management of exotic insect pests in cities based on the manipulation of spatial distribution and species diversity of urban trees
Emerg Infect Dis
No full textThe current recommendation for treating Lassa fever with ribavirin is supported only by weak evidence. Given the persistent effects in areas with endemic transmission and epidemic potential, there is an urgent need to reassess ribavirin and investigate other potential therapeutic candidates; however, a robust clinical trial method adapted to Lassa fever epidemiology has not yet been established. We propose an adaptive phase II/III multicenter randomized controlled platform trial that uses a superiority framework with an equal allocation ratio and accounts for challenges selecting the primary end point and estimating the target sample size by using an interim analysis
Modulating the activity of the APC /C regulator SISAMBA improves the sugar and antioxidant content of tomato fruits
No full textThe Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays a crucial role in ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of key cell cycle regulators, which is completed by the 26S proteasome. Previously, SAMBA, a plant-specific regulator of the APC/C, was identified in Arabidopsis as a critical factor controlling organ size through the regulation of cell proliferation. Here, by assessing its role in the crop tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), we confirm that SAMBA is a conserved APC/C regulator in plants and shows additional roles, including the modulation of fruit shape and changes in sugar metabolism. Two slsamba genome-edited lines were produced and characterized, and showed delayed growth, reduced plant size, and altered fruit morphology, which were linked to changes in cell division and expansion. Notably, untargeted metabolomics revealed altered flavonoid profiles, along with elevated Brix values in the fruits, indicating a sweeter taste. Accordingly, transcriptomics uncovered a change in temporal gene expression gradients during early fruit development, correlating with the alterations in sugar metabolism and revealing changes in cell wall biosynthesis genes. This study provides the first evidence of SAMBA's role in regulating fruit development, metabolic content, and ultimately, quality. These important findings offer potential applications for improving the nutritional quality and overall performance of tomatoes
Greater Resistance to Drought‐Induced Embolism Is Linked to Higher Yield Maintenance in Soybean
No full textWith increasing drought events worldwide, crop breeding must focus on drought resistance to maintain crop yields. To ensure a high level of gas exchange and growth, plants need to maintain the integrity of their vascular system under drought conditions. While the impact of drought-induced vascular damage on tree species is well-documented, its effect on the yield of annual crops like soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) remains unknown. We investigated xylem vulnerability to embolism of ten soybean cultivars with contrasting phylogenetic origins and phenology using the optical technique. With X-ray micro-tomography, we assessed xylem vulnerability across the plant vascular pathway to quantify the vulnerability segmentation. Our results revealed that soybean is moderately vulnerable to xylem embolism (mean leaf P 50 = -1.85 MPa), with a significant Intraspecific variability with a difference of 1 MPa between the most extreme cultivars. Cultivars with higher leaf embolism resistance maintained higher yields in the field, particularly during dry years, highlighting the critical role of xylem hydraulic failure during drought in crop yield. This study provides new insights into the importance of hydraulic traits underlying drought tolerance in soybeans and their incorporation into breeding programmes for embolism resistance to improve yield resilience
Bilan du séminaire international sur la comparaison des pratiques en médecine du travail
No full textBull Acad Natl Med
No full textThe recent spread of the Oropouche virus (OROV), which causes a febrile dengue-like disease in humans in previously non-endemic areas of Central and South America and the Caribbean, the identification of maternal-foetal transmission and the first reports of deaths due to disease caused by this arbovirus have raised concerns about the greater threat posed by this agent to neighbouring countries (French Caribbean territories) and the Americas, including the United States. The risk of expansion also concerns Europe, insofar as the virus was documented in 2024 in human cases imported on return from a stay in Brazil or Cuba. The OROV virus is transmitted by a number of different vectors, mainly by Culicoids or biting midges. By analogy, over the last two decades, three exotic arboviruses (including an Orthobunyavirus, from the same family as OROV) transmitted by Culicoids, introduced and then established in Europe, have been responsible for epizootic outbreaks in livestock. These are the agents responsible for bluetongue, Schmallenberg disease and epizootic haemorrhagic disease of cattle. These events have demonstrated the possibility of an autochthonous vector relay in ruminants. In terms of anticipation, the risk of the OROV virus establishing itself in Europe cannot be formally ruled out during the next seasonal period of biting midge activity. It is also important to gain a better understanding of the possibilities for the introduction or spread within a country of these emerging viruses transmitted by Culicoids in both veterinary and human medicine. © 2025 l'Académie nationale de médecine L'expansion récente du virus Oropouche (OROV) responsable d'une maladie fébrile ressemblant à la dengue chez l'Homme en Amérique Centrale, en Amérique du Sud et dans les Caraïbes dans des zones auparavant non endémiques, l'identification d'une transmission materno-fœtale et les premiers signalements de décès dus à la maladie causée par cet arbovirus ont suscité des inquiétudes quant à la menace plus forte que cet agent représente pour les pays voisins (territoires français des Caraïbes), les Amériques, y compris les États-Unis. Le risque d'expansion concerne également l'espace européen dans la mesure où le portage du virus a été documenté en 2024 chez des cas humains importés au retour de séjour au Brésil ou à Cuba. Le virus OROV présente par ailleurs la particularité d’être transmis par différents vecteurs, principalement par des culoicoïdes ou moucherons piqueurs. Par analogie et au cours des deux dernières décennies, trois arbovirus exotiques (dont un Orthobunyavirus, de la même famille que l'OROV) transmis par des culicoïdes, introduits puis implantés en Europe ont été responsables d’émergences épizootiques chez des animaux de rente. Il s'agit des agents responsables de la fièvre catarrhale ovine, de la maladie de Schmallenberg et de la maladie hémorragique épizootique des bovins. Ces évènements ont démontré la possibilité d'un relais vectoriel autochtone chez des ruminants. En termes d'anticipation, le risque d'installation du virus OROV en Europe ne peut être formellement exclu à la faveur de la prochaine période saisonnière d'activité des moucherons piqueurs. Il importe aussi de mieux connaître les possibilités d'introduction ou d'extension dans un pays de ces virus émergents transmis par des culicoïdes tant en médecine vétérinaire qu'en médecine humaine. © 2025 l'Académie nationale de médecin
Educ Train Autism Dev Disabil
No full textStudents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) face a range of difficulties at university, which can lead them to drop out or fail their studies. Among the solutions proposed to support them, technological tools may be relevant. However, although a great deal of work has been carried out on children with ASD, at university their effectiveness and usefulness remain poorly understood. This systematic review therefore examines how technologies and digital tools can assist students with ASD in higher education. A search was carried out in June 2023 leading to the inclusion of 21 papers from seven database. A thematic synthesis was conducted to compile results of identified articles, and the methodological rigor of the included papers was evaluated using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Three analytic themes were identified: "Technology to assist learning," "Technology to facilitate communication and interaction," and "Technology to support the cognitive abilities and executive functions." Benefits of technology and digital tools for academic, communication and interactions, and spatial navigation abilities were identified. However, given the great variability in the digital tools used, the poor level of methodology at times, and the great variability in the profiles of ASD students, these results should be treated with caution. This study shows that the various new technologies can be useful and used by ASD students at university. More systematic and rigorous studies are needed to continue to determine the relevance of these tools and their ability to assist students in their university studies
Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol
No full textPurpose Atlantoaxial osteoarthritis is a debilitating condition often resistant to conservative management. In refractory cases, C1-C2 fusion becomes a surgical option. Recent advancements, particularly in 3D navigation, have allowed for more precise and minimally invasive approaches, though there are limited reports on isolated percutaneous C1-C2 arthrodesis for osteoarthritis. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, accuracy, and clinical outcomes of percutaneous C1-C2 transarticular screw fixation using 3D navigation in patients with disabling atlantoaxial osteoarthritis. Methods Ten patients (median age: 75.5 years), all female, underwent percutaneous C1-C2 screw fixation using the Magerl technique, guided by 3D navigation. Preoperative assessment included CT and contrast-enhanced imaging to ensure safe screw placement. Postoperative evaluations included pain assessment, radiographic analysis, and patient satisfaction. Results Transarticular screws were inserted in all of patients, with no significant intraoperative complications. Median operative time was 65 min with blood loss under 100 mL. Postoperative pain improved with the median VAS decreasing from 10 preoperatively to 1 at one year. Screw backout was observed in one patient without clinical repercussions. All patients expressed satisfaction and would undergo the procedure again. Conclusion Percutaneous C1-C2 transarticular screw fixation with 3D navigation is a safe and effective treatment for severe atlantoaxial osteoarthritis. It offers significant pain relief, accurate screw placement, and reduced postoperative morbidity. Preoperative anatomical evaluation remains critical to minimize risks. Level of Evidence Level III, Retrospective Cohor
Overlapping upstream ORFs ending at c.125 lead to reduced Endoglin, contributing to Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
No full textHereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare vascular disease mainly caused by pathogenic mutations in ACVRL1 and ENG genes. Despite advances in HHT diagnosis, the molecular origin of some cases remains unclear. Recently, we observed a high prevalence of HHT-causing 5'UTR variants in ENG. These variants commonly introduce upstream AUG codons (uAUGs) at the origin of upstream open reading frames (upORFs) overlapping the coding sequence, all terminating at the same stop codon located at position c.125 (uAUG-c.125). Here, we analyzed all 5'UTR ENG single nucleotide variants that could alter upORFs in silico. Moreover, we found that 85% of uAUG-c.125 variants alter the protein levels. Furthermore, we identified 2 variants creating uAUG and uCUG in HHT patients and experimentally demonstrated their association with reduced endoglin levels This study provides new elements for the interpretation of upORF-altering variants in the 5'UTR of ENG with new insights for the molecular diagnosis of HHT.Etude du caractère pathogène de variants créant des cadres de lecture ouverts en amont de la séquence codante de l'endogline - Nouvelles perspectives thérapeutiques pour la maladie du Rendu-OslerVaincre les maladies vasculaires cérébrales par un nouveau paradigme de prévention de précision et d'innovation thérapeutiqu