Oskar Bordeaux
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Sci Rep
No full textIn vitro and animal studies have suggested that inoculation with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) can lead to amyloid deposits, hyperphosphorylation of tau, and/or neuronal loss. Here, we studied the association between HSV-1 and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in humans. Our sample included 182 participants at risk of cognitive decline from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial who had HSV-1 plasma serology and an amyloid PET scan. Plasma Aβ42/40 ratio, neurofilament light chain and p-tau181 were also available for a sub-sample of participants. Multivariate linear regressions were performed and stratified by APOE4 genotype. The median age was 74.0 years, 85.2% were infected with HSV-1. Infected participants tended to have a lower cortical amyloid load than uninfected participants (β = -0.08, p = 0.06), especially those suspected of reactivating HSV-1 most frequently (i.e. with a high anti-HSV-1 IgG level; n = 58, β = -0.09 p = 0.04). After stratification, the association was only significant in APOE4 carriers (n = 43, β = -0.21 p = 0.01). No association was found with the plasma biomarkers. The trend toward lower cortical amyloid load in HSV-1-infected participants was unexpected given the pre-existing literature and may be explained either by a modified immune response in HSV-1 infected subjects which could favour the clearance of amyloid deposits or by a selection bias
Am J Emerg Med
No full textObjective: This study aims to assess whether the emotions experienced during an urgent health problem represent risk factors for developing chronic pain. Method: A pain study was carried out as part of a randomized multicentre study on the prevention of post-concussion syndrome and post-traumatic stress syndrome (SOFTER) following emergency hospitalisation. Nine hundred and fourteen patients not suffering from chronic pain at admission provided information on the presence and intensity of eight emotions (anger, fear, regret, sadness, relief, contentment, joy, and interest) during their stay at the emergency department. Four months later, they were called to assess if chronic pain had developed. The predisposition to experience these emotions prior to the emergency room was questioned at this occasion. Results: Four months after their admission to the emergency department (ED), 30 % of the patients described experiencing chronic pain. Adjusted for patient's perception of own health, intensity of acute pain, reason for visit and level of education at the time of admission, sadness (OR = 1.5 95 % CI = [1.1–2.2]) and anger (OR = 1.6 95 % CI = [1.1–2.5]) declared in the ED were predictive of pain status at four months. By taking into account patient pre-disposition to feel each of these two emotions, we observed a significantly higher risk of chronic pain at four months among patients pre-disposed to anger who declared a relatively strong anger during their time spent in the ED (OR = 2.90, IC = 1.12–7.52). Conclusion: This study shows that the emotional state of patients admitted to the ED must be taken into consideration in order to detect people likely to experience chronic pain and therefore offer personalised preventive treatment. Further studies will be necessary to better comprehend the role played by emotions in the development of chronic pain. © 2025 The Author
BMJ Public Health
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: Migrant women sex workers (MWSWs) are affected by higher morbidity rates, reflecting the complex health risks associated with sex work and migration which they face. This study aimed to assess MWSWs' use of primary care services in France, as well as the factors associated with having a family doctor. METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study of 135 cisgender and transgender MWSWs is part of the larger Favoriser l'Accès à la Santé Sexuelle des Travailleuses du Sexe project, which aims to improve global knowledge of and access to sexual healthcare among this population. MWSWs aged 18 years and older were enrolled over 1 year between 2022 and 2023. The primary outcome was the percentage of MWSWs who reported having a family doctor. A best model analysis and a regression model were used to examine associations between having a family doctor and MWSWs' health and social characteristics. RESULTS: Only 33% of participants reported having a family doctor. Among these, 24% had disclosed they were sex workers to the latter. In general, MWSWs had poor access to preventive healthcare (33% had been HIV tested in the previous year, 33% had used contraception and 19% reported lifetime cervical cancer screening). In contrast, most participants (63.5%) perceived they were in good health. In the multivariate analysis, having a family doctor was not significantly associated with better health outcomes or with the quality of healthcare. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of MWSWs did not have a family doctor; this fact compounds existing health vulnerabilities faced by this marginalised population. Improved targeted interventions are needed to increase healthcare access and quality for MWSWs. These interventions should include strategies to enhance communication with healthcare providers about this population's specific needs
Warmer and brighter winters than before: Ecological and public health challenges from the expansion of the pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa)
No full textHighlights: • We model the geographic range of the pine processionary moth (PPM). • Three species distribution models are constructed using tree-based methods. • Interpretable machine learning reveals climate variables limiting the PPM's distribution. • A significant northward expansion is projected for the coming decades. • A contraction of suitable regions is expected in North Africa by 2040–2060.Abstract: Assessing the species ecological responses to ongoing climate change is a critical challenge in environmental science. Rising temperatures, particularly in winter, are altering the distribution patterns of many species, including the pine processionary moth (PPM), Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermuller, 1775). This Mediterranean species, a significant defoliator of conifers, is expanding its range northward as winter temperatures increase. The larvae of PPM also pose serious public health risks due to their ability to induce allergic reactions in humans, pets, and livestock. To better understand these ecological shifts, we calibrated three distribution models (Bayesian Additive Regression Trees, Boosted Regression Trees, and Random Forest) based on historical and modern occurrence data compiling of 1769 points, and assessed climate suitability under historical, current and future conditions. Our results show that winter minimum temperatures, summer maximum temperatures, and solar radiation significantly influence the life cycle, and shape the geographical distribution of PPM. Under current conditions, PPM could extend its range further north, but its limited flight capabilities hinder its ability to keep up with the pace of climate change. Future projections suggest continued northward expansion, although solar radiation is expected to limit the northernmost range of PPM. Certain host tree species of PPM are frequently used as ornamental plants, particularly in urban areas, which makes the careful selection of these species a potentially valuable tool for management. Our findings identify regions that are likely to become suitable for PPM colonization, where proactive measures could be implemented
Health Sci Rep
No full textBACKGROUND AND AIMS: Over 12 million healthcare professionals in Europe are exposed to hazardous medicinal products, including antineoplastic drugs. Dermal route is recognized as the primary route of exposure to antineoplastic drugs, emphasizing the critical importance of skin protection provided by gloves, which necessitates a careful and specific selection process. This study aims to compare the current European standard EN 16523-1:2015 + A1:2018 with the ASTM D6978-05(2023) standard used in the United States. METHODS: Firstly, the three main performance parameters to consider when selecting gloves are described: standardized breakthrough time, standardized permeation rate, and cumulative permeation. Subsequently, the current European and American standards are compared based on the following criteria: part of the glove tested, substances tested, standardized permeation rate, test duration, test temperature, and the information provided on the glove packaging. Additionally, and with a focus on safety, clear examples of how to interpret graphical symbols and indications available on glove packaging are provided to enhance the transferability of the information contained in this study to healthcare settings. RESULTS: There is a significant disparity between the requirements of the two standards. Indeed, the only European standard applicable in the context of glove permeation by antineoplastic drugs requires a standardized permeation rate 100 times less stringent than the American standard and does not include any hazardous drugs in its list of substances to be tested. By proposing a list of 24 antineoplastic drugs to be tested, a test temperature of 35 ± 2°C (compared with 23 ± 1°C in the European standard), and by specifically targeting the thinnest part of the glove, the American standard is closer to real-world conditions of use compared to its European counterpart. CONCLUSION: This study underscores the limitations of current European standard, advocating for regulatory updates to better protect healthcare professionals, while emphasizing the complexity of selecting appropriate gloves for antineoplastic and hazardous drug exposure. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not concerned
Estimating consensus proteomes and metabolic functions from taxonomic affiliations
No full textPurpose: Metabarcoding, and metagenomic sequencing have enabled the characterization of highly diverse environmental communities. The challenge of estimating the metabolic functions carried out by these communities has led to the development of several state-of-the-art methods, most of which are tailored to a specific gene marker. However, the increasing diversity of approaches resulting from advances in sequencing technologies drives the need for methods capable of handling heterogeneous microbial community data. Moreover, predictions often depend on their internal analysis pipelines and are influenced by the underlying databases, which link marker genes to specific functional annotations. This limits users' ability to evaluate the quality of predictions by tracing internal data and processes. Finally, users are constrained by the specific annotations provided by these methods (e.g. EC numbers), limiting their ability to conduct further specialized analyses based on intermediate results.Methods: EsMeCaTa predicts consensus proteomes and their associated functions from taxonomic affiliations. A key feature of EsMeCaTa is its explainability and flexibility. To support the flexible integration of heterogeneous sequencing data, EsMeCaTa utilizes taxonomic affiliations obtained through analyses of diverse sequencing datasets. To provide insight into the knowledge available for each taxonomic affiliation and to interpret the relevance of predicted functions, EsMeCaTa identifies a taxonomic rank within a given affiliation that is sufficiently represented by documented proteomes in the UniProt database. The proteins of the UniProt proteomes are clustered and filtered according to a threshold to create consensus proteomes. These consensus proteomes are automatically annotated with functional information (e.g., EC numbers, GO terms) but they are also designed to be used in further customized annotation workflows. Functional annotations are reported in a functional table, which can be enriched with taxon abundances to generate comprehensive functional profiles.Results: EsMeCaTa predictions have been validated using multiple datasets and compared to a state-of-the-art method. Additionally, it was applied to a novel metabarcoding dataset from a methanogenic reactor, characterizing the microbial community and biogas production across different time points and intake condition. Our results demonstrate the link between biogas production, intake condition and the dynamics of the metabolic functions predicted by EsMeCaTa in the microbial communities.Deciphering plant-microbiome interactions to enhance crop defense to bioagressorsLes origines microbiennes potentielles des propriétés biostimulantes des extraits d'un holobinte d'algues brune
Justice environnementale et droit pénal. Du droit pénal de l’environnement à un droit pénal écologiste.
No full textNAR Genom Bioinform
No full textNon-canonical small open reading frames (sORFs) are among the main regulators of gene expression. The most studied of these are upstream ORFs (upORFs) located in the 5,-untranslated region (UTR) of coding genes. Internal ORFs (intORFs) in the coding sequence and downstream ORFs (dORFs) in the 3,UTR have received less attention. Different bioinformatics tools permit the prediction of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) altering upORFs, mainly those creating AUGs or deleting stop codons, but no tool predicts variants altering non-canonical translation initiation sites and those altering intORFs or dORFs. We propose an upgrade of our MORFEE bioinformatics tool to identify SNVs that may alter all types of sORFs in coding transcripts from a VCF file. Moreover, we generate an exhaustive catalog, named MORFEEdb, reporting all possible SNVs altering existing upORFs or creating new ones in human transcripts, and provide an R script for visualizing the results. MORFEEdb has been implemented in the public platform Mobidetails. Finally, the annotation of ClinVar variants with MORFEE reveals that > 45% of UTR-SNVs can alter upORFs or dORFs. In conclusion, MORFEE and MORFEEdb have the potential to improve the molecular diagnosis of rare human diseases and to facilitate the identification of functional variants from genome-wide association studies of complex traits. © The Author(s) 2025.Etude du caractère pathogène de variants créant des cadres de lecture ouverts en amont de la séquence codante de l'endogline - Nouvelles perspectives thérapeutiques pour la maladie du Rendu-OslerVaincre les maladies vasculaires cérébrales par un nouveau paradigme de prévention de précision et d'innovation thérapeutiqu