Oskar Bordeaux
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Lancet Infect Dis
No full textAn epidemic of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection has been observed in France since September, 2023. We aimed to describe the characteristics of adults hospitalised for M pneumoniae infection and identify factors associated with severe outcomes of infection. MYCADO is a retrospective observational study including adults hospitalised for 24 h or more in 76 hospitals in France for a M pneumoniae infection between Sept 1, 2023, and Feb 29, 2024. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were collected from medical records. We identified factors associated with severe outcomes of infection, defined as a composite of intensive care unit (ICU) admission or in-hospital death, using multivariable logistic regression. 1309 patients with M pneumoniae infection were included: 718 (54·9%) were men and 591 (45·1%) were women; median age was 43 years (IQR 31-63); 288 (22·0%) had chronic respiratory failure; 423 (32·3%) had cardiovascular comorbidities; and 105 (8·0%) had immunosuppression. The most common symptoms were cough (1098 [83·9%]), fever (1023 [78·2%]), dyspnoea (948 [72·4%]), fatigue (550 [42·0%]), expectorations (473 [36·1%]), headache (211 [16·1%]), arthromyalgia (253 [19·3%]), ear, nose, and throat symptoms (202 [15·4%]), diarrhoea (138 [10·5%]), and vomiting (132 [10·1%]). 156 (11·9%) of 1309 patients had extra-respiratory manifestations, including 36 (2·8%) with erythema multiforme, 19 (1·5%) with meningoencephalitis, 44 (3·4%) with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, and 17 (1·3%) with myocarditis. The median hospital stay was 8 days (IQR 6-11). 424 (32·4%) patients had a severe outcome of infection, including 415 (31·7%) who were admitted to the ICU and 28 (2·1%) who died in hospital. Those more likely to present with severe outcomes of infection were patients with hypertension, obesity, chronic liver failure, extra-respiratory manifestations, pulmonary alveolar consolidation or bilateral involvement on CT scan, as well as elevated inflammatory markers, lymphopenia or neutrophilic polynucleosis, and those who did not versus did receive any antibiotic active against M pneumoniae before admission. This national, observational study highlighted unexpected, atypical radiological presentations, a high proportion of transfers to the ICU, and an association between severity and delayed administration of effective antibiotics. This should remind clinicians that no radiological presentation can rule out M pneumoniae infection, and encourage them to reassess patients early after prescribing a β-lactam, or even to discuss prescribing macrolides as first-line treatment in the context of an epidemic. None. For the French translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section
Le sort des filiations d’enfants nés à l’étranger par GPA au sein de l’ordre juridique français : Bilan d’étape
No full textLa liberté d’expression, nouveau totem de l’extrême droite
No full textGagnée de haute lutte par les citoyens contre les pouvoirs de l’État et de l’Église au XVIIIe siècle, la liberté d’expression est désormais brandie comme un totem par les patrons des réseaux sociaux et par l’extrême droite
La contribución del proyecto CHUPICERAM a nuestra comprensión de la dinámica social en Chupícuaro durante el Preclásico tardío y terminal
No full textRéinterpréter les interactions Chupicuaro - Cuicuilco à la lumière des technologies céramiques (période préclassique, Mésoamérique).El cotejo de los análisis contextuales, estilísticos, tecnológicos y arqueométricos desarrollados en el marco del proyecto CHUPICERAM sobre la cerámica Chupícuaro de tres sitios importantes del Valle de Acámbaro, y las comparaciones realizadas con una muestra cerámica de Cuicuilco y Cerro del Tepalcate en la Cuenca de México, permite discutir y matizar el abanico de las interpretaciones tradicionales. Los resultados permiten comprender aspectos de la organización social de las producciones artesanales en el Valle de Acámbaro durante el Preclásico Tardío. De su lado, los cambios observados diacrónicamente, en particular entre las fases Chupícuaro Reciente y Mixtlan, reavivan la cuestión de la posible discontinuidad ocupacional que ha sido observada en la cronoestratigrafía arqueológica en el Valle de Acámbaro. Finalmente, los primeros resultados comparativos obtenidos con los materiales de la Cuenca de México brindan datos sólidos para revisitar las interacciones interregionales durante el Preclásico Tardío y Terminal
Quelle demande des résidents vis-à-vis des pesticides ?
No full textCet article applique la méthode d’évaluation contingente pour disposer d’une mesure des bénéfices de programmes publics potentiels visant la réduction des usages de pesticides en viticulture, du point de vue résidentiel. L’enquête a été menée auprès de la population de deux territoires viticoles de la région Nouvelle-Aquitaine et des habitants des pôles urbains limitrophes qui peuvent fréquenter ces territoires à des fins récréatives. Chaque enquêté a été invité à révéler son consentement à payer (CAP) pour trois actions potentielles qui seraient financées par un fonds régional auquel il lui est demandé de contribuer volontairement. Les résultats montrent que les bénéfices de ces actions seraient potentiellement positifs pour : les résidents des communes viticoles qui ont leur résidence localisée à moins de 500m de vignes ; les individus qui pratiquent régulièrement des activités récréatives dans les vignobles ; et les individus de moins de 45 ans. En outre, les montants de CAP déclarés sont plus faibles pour : les répondants qui habitent dans la région depuis moins de 5 ans ; ceux qui ont moins de 60 ans ; et ceux qui déclarent faire un achat régulier de vin issu de l’agriculture biologique. L’agrégation des valeurs des CAP individuels sur l’ensemble de la population concernée donne une estimation monétaire du gain de bien-être social, pour les résidents, induit par un programme d’actions visant la réduction des usages de pesticides en viticulture.Cultivating the grapevine without pesticides : towards agroecological wine-producing socio-ecosystemsprojet Horizon 2020 LIF
Military Conflicts and Stock Markets: The Effect of the Russia–Ukraine Conflict on the European Stock Market
No full textThe European Union - NextGenerationEU through grant No. 760079/23.05.2023, funded by the Romanian ministry of research, innovation and digitalization through Romania’s National Recovery and Resilience Plan, call no. PNRR-III-C9-2022-I8
Top Stroke Rehabil
No full textBACKGROUND: Rehabilitation in the chronic phase of stroke should include 20 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, the level of compliance with MVPA guidelines in outpatient physiotherapy is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To investigate (1) whether people in the chronic phase of stroke perform the recommended 20 minutes of MVPA during outpatient physiotherapy sessions in France, (2) whether the person's clinical characteristics influence MVPA time and (3) which interventions contribute to achievement of recommended MVPA time. METHODS: This was a multicentre, cross-sectional observational study of routine outpatient physiotherapy sessions in France in people in the chronic phase of stroke. The main measures included MVPA time (determined using a heart rate monitor), clinical tests and types of physiotherapy interventions (recorded by external investigator during 2 sessions for each participant). RESULTS: 84 people in the chronic phase of stroke and 152 outpatient physiotherapy sessions in 29 outpatient clinics were included (2021-2022). Median (interquartile range) MVPA time was 25 (7-45) minutes across all sessions. Fifty-nine percent of the sessions fulfilled MVPA guidelines. Among clinical tests, only the Mini-Mental Scale Examination was significantly associated with MVPA time. Endurance, balance, and functional lower limb training were associated with the achievement of MVPA guidelines. CONCLUSION: Outpatient physiotherapy sessions have the potential to meet the MVPA guidelines. Further research is needed to understand the variability of compliance with MVPA guidelines and to develop strategies to increase the integration of MVPA into outpatient physiotherapy sessions
Seed2LP: seed inference in metabolic networks for reverse ecology applications
No full textMotivationA challenging problem in microbiology is to determine nutritional requirements of microorganisms and culture them, especially for the microbial dark matter detected solely with culture-independent methods. The latter foster an increasing amount of genomic sequences that can be explored with reverse ecology approaches to raise hypotheses on the corresponding populations. Building upon genome-scale metabolic networks (GSMNs) obtained from genome annotations, metabolic models predict contextualized phenotypes using nutrient information.ResultsWe developed the tool Seed2LP, addressing the inverse problem of predicting source nutrients, or seeds, from a GSMN and a metabolic objective. The originality of Seed2LP is its hybrid model, combining a scalable and discrete Boolean approximation of metabolic activity, with the numerically accurate flux balance analysis (FBA). Seed inference is highly customizable, with multiple search and solving modes, exploring the search space of external and internal metabolites combinations. Application to a benchmark of 107 curated GSMNs highlights the usefulness of a logic modelling method over a graph-based approach to predict seeds, and the relevance of hybrid solving to satisfy FBA constraints. Focusing on the dependency between metabolism and environment, Seed2LP is a computational support contributing to address the multifactorial challenge of culturing possibly uncultured microorganisms.Availability and implementationSeed2LP is available on https://github.com/bioasp/seed2lp.Computationel models of crop plant microbial biodiversityAbstraction des Réseaux de Réactions vers des Réseaux Booléens pour Améliorer l'Inférence et le Contrôle en Biologie des SystèmesShared CULTuromics platform to IncreaSe acceSs to the vast number of microorganisms, some yet uncultivated, to understand the key functIons and services to huMan ecosystem of MicrobiOme
Cross-border Sport and Leisure: Public Action, Practices and Usage in the European Union
No full textThe process of European integration has received special attention from European border studies, with a particular focus on internal market issues and cross-border cooperation. Sports are often presented among the transnational activities likely to contribute to “European citizenship” and the creation of an imagined community. Despite the increase in publications in 2016 linking sports, leisure, and cross-border activities, research remains rather limited. In this special issue, we shall focus on the transnational spaces of European cross-border cooperation, as studied from the perspectives of construction and appropriation. We shall go beyond institutional analysis to offer a more comprehensive and balanced approach, taking into account both public policies and the experiences of individuals and groups involved in sports and leisure activities in three border areas. Our analysis will encompass public action, the use of sports areas, facilities and equipment, and cross-border entrepreneurs
Grapevine cell response to carbon deficiency requires transcriptome and methylome reprogramming
No full textSugar limitation has dramatic consequences on plant cells, which include cell metabolism and transcriptional reprogramming, and the recycling of cellular components to maintain fundamental cell functions. There is however no description of the contribution of epigenetic regulations to the adaptation of plant cells to limited carbon availability. We investigated this question using non-photosynthetic grapevine cells (Vitis vinifera, cv Cabernet Sauvignon) cultured in vitro with contrasted glucose concentrations. Sugar depletion in the culture medium led to a rapid cell growth arrest and a major metabolic shift that include the depletion in soluble sugar and total amino acids and modulation of the cell redox status. Consistently, flux modeling showed a dramatic slowdown of many pathways required for biomass accumulation such as cell wall and protein synthesis. Sugar depletion also resulted in a major transcriptional reprogramming, characterized by the induction of genes involved in photosynthesis, and the repression of those related to sucrose mobilization or cell cycle control. Similarly, the epigenetic landscape was deeply modified. Glucose-depleted cells showed a higher global DNA methylation level than those grown with glucose. Changes in DNA methylation mainly occurred at transposable elements, and at genes including some of those differentially expressed, consistent with an important role for methylation to the adaptation of cells to limited sugar availability. In addition, genes encoding histone modifiers were differentially expressed suggesting that additional epigenetic mechanisms may be at work in plant cells under carbon shortage