Oskar Bordeaux
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Thromb Haemost
Get PDFAdequate secondary prevention in survivors of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) who also have atrial fibrillation (AF) is a long-standing clinical dilemma because these patients are at increased risk of recurrent ICH as well as of ischemic stroke. The efficacy and safety of oral anticoagulation, the standard preventive medication for ischemic stroke patients with AF, in ICH patients with AF are uncertain. PRESTIGE-AF is an international, phase 3b, multi-center, randomized, open, blinded end-point assessment (PROBE) clinical trial that compared the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) with no DOAC (either no antithrombotic treatment or any antiplatelet drug). Randomization occurred in a 1:1 ratio and stratification was based on ICH location and sex. The two co-primary binary endpoints included ischemic stroke and recurrent ICH which will be analyzed hierarchically according to the intention-to-treat principle. Secondary efficacy endpoints encompassed all-stroke and systemic embolism, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, major adverse cardiac events, and net clinical benefit. Secondary safety endpoints included any major hemorrhage and intracranial hemorrhage. All outcome events were adjudicated by an independent committee. Results of PRESTIGE-AF are expected to support risk-adjusted secondary prevention in ICH survivors with AF and to inform clinical guideline recommendations
Child Abuse Negl
No full textIntimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with children's emotional and behavioral difficulties. Psychological-IPV (P-IPV) is most common, and occurs alone or along other forms of IPV. Little is known about the longitudinal course of P-IPV exposure and its consequences on children taking into account whether or not they are present during parental arguments. To identify longitudinal trajectories of P-IPV from preconception through the child's second year of life and examine associations with children's emotional-behavioral outcomes at age five years, depending on the child's presence during parental arguments in the second year of life. Data from the nationally representative French birth cohort ELFE including children born in 2011 were used. P-IPV exposure was assessed before conception, during pregnancy, at two months and at two years postpartum. Parents completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) at five years. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify P-IPV trajectories. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to study the relationship between P-IPV trajectories and SDQ. 9639 children were included. Five trajectories of exposure to P-IPV were identified: minimal (70.6 %), prenatal (10.0 %), increasing (6.4 %), decreasing (7.5 %), persistent (5.5 %). Persistent and decreasing P-IPV trajectories and frequent child presence during parental arguments were associated with children's increased odds of having abnormal total SDQ scores (OR 2.31 95 % CI 1.54-3.47; OR 1.64 95%CI: 1.11-2.43; OR 1.88 95%CI:1.17-3.02, respectively). Early identification and consideration of children living in a home where IPV occurs could allow provision of timely and appropriate support
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
No full textIntraindividual body-weight variability or cycling is associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) studies to assess association between body-weight cycling and the risk of renal events in type 1 diabetes. Four indices of intraindividual body-weight variability were calculated for 1432 participants of DCCT/EDIC taking into account body-weight measurements during the DCCT follow-up (6 ± 2 years). Variability independent of the mean (VIM) was the main index. Six criteria of progression to CKD were studied during DCCT/EDIC follow-up (21 ± 4 years). Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed in Cox analyses for 1 SD of the indices expressed as Z-score. A high VIM was significantly associated with the incidence of a 40% decline in eGFR from baseline values (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.09-1.41; P = .001), doubling of baseline serum creatinine (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.13-1.57; P = .001), CKD stage 3 (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.12-1.63; P = .002), and with a decline in eGFR > 3 mL/min/m2 per year (all analyses adjusted for CKD risk factors at baseline and follow-up, and use of nephroprotective drugs). VIM was also associated with the incidence of moderately and severely increased albuminuria, but associations did not remain significant following adjustment for follow-up covariates. Similar results were observed for the other indices of body-weight cycling. Body-weight cycling is significantly associated with an increased risk of kidney events in people with type 1 diabetes, regardless of body mass index and traditional risk factors
Pratiques intègres de publication scientifique à l’heure de la science ouverte. Note de recommandations
No full textLa science ouverte a pour but explicite de rendre accessible à l’ensemble de la communauté scientifique, et plus largement au grand public, les connaissances produites par la recherche scientifique. Les publications qui en résultent concernent les multiples facettes de la recherche telles que les résultats, mais aussi les hypothèses, les méthodes employées ou de larges collections de données. La transparence est une des valeurs fondamentales de l’intégrité scientifique à laquelle la science ouverte peut largement contribuer en la promouvant et l’organisant. La science ouverte encourage en effet les pratiques honnêtes et rigoureuses en mettant à disposition toutes les informations sur le processus de recherche, et permet entre autres d’améliorer la reproductibilité des résultats de recherche. Elle contribue également à instaurer, restaurer, consolider la confiance dans la recherche et la sérénité des débats scientifiques. Elle permet enoutre de rendre perceptibles les débats internes essentiels à la recherche de consensus scientifique sur les questions traitées.La diffusion des connaissances par la publication scientifique est considérée comme le cœur de l’activité de tout personnel scientifique tant vis-à-vis de la communauté scientifique que de la société. Le mouvement de fond que constitue la science ouverte est venu fortement modifier les pratiques de publication : libre accès aux contenus (open access), pré-enregistrements des hypothèses et protocoles (pre-registrations, registered reports), libre accès aux rapports de reviewing par les pairs (open peer reviewing), libre accès aux données et aux codes en sont quelques exemples. La nature même du contenu des publications évolue également : certaines revues offrent désormais la possibilité de faire évaluer par les pairs et de publier des hypothèses, des données (data papers)mais aussi des codes de calcul, des « matériels et méthodes » exhaustifs et opérationnels, voire des résultats négatifs ou des réplications de résultats, ainsi que certaines étapes des processus éditoriaux. Ces (r)évolutions contribuent à renforcer les pratiques intègres de la science. INRAE, établissement engagé dans une politique de science ouverte comme il est énoncé dans son document d’orientation 2030, a formulé un ensemble de recommandations aux auteurs de publications scientifiques pour que ces dernières soient librement accessibles.L’ouverture de la science ne présente pas que des opportunités et certains risques pour l’intégrité scientifique peuvent émerger, tels que la diffusion de résultats insuffisamment validés ou la divulgation de données confidentielles (individuelles, administratives ou industrielles). Même s’il ne représente pas en soi un risque pour l’intégrité, le libre accès (open access) avec paiement par les auteurs a cependant favorisé l’émergence de maisons d’édition douteuses (souvent qualifiées de « prédatrices ») proposant en libre accès des articles qui peuvent faire l’objet de processus indigents de validation par les pairs et/ou s’appuyant sur des processus éditoriaux de qualité insuffisante. Très récemment, la mise en accès libre de systèmes d’intelligence artificielle générative présente un risque certain d’utilisation pour des pratiques frauduleuses comme la rédaction automatique, le plagiat ou la fabrication de données.Le présent document a pour objectif de fournir aux scientifiques d’INRAE impliqués dans le processus de publication scientifique quelques recommandationspour une pratique intègre de la publication dans un contexte de science ouverte, en complément du document précédemment cité . Ce texte est le fruit de la réflexion d’un groupe de travail réuni à l’initiative de la Délégation à la déontologie, l’intégrité scientifique et l’éthique des projets de recherche, conjointement à la Direction pour la Science Ouverte (DipSO) et constitué de scientifiques, d’édit.eur.rice.s de revues scientifiques et techniques portées par INRAE et de représentant.e.s de la Délégation ainsi que de membres de la Direction pour la Science Ouverte, de la Direction de l’Évaluation et de la Direction des Affaires Juridiques.Ce document traite spécifiquement des pratiques intègres de publication en lien direct avec la science ouverte et ne prétend pas couvrir l’intégralité des questions générales de science ouverte, ni de publication ou d’intégrité scientifique
Modeling Study on Optimizing Water and Nitrogen Management for Barley in Marginal Soils
No full textWater and N availability are key factors limiting crop yield, particularly in marginal soils. This study evaluated the effects of water and N stress on barley grown in marginal soils using field trials and the AgroC model. Experiments from 2020 to 2022 in Lithuania with spring barley cv. KWS Fantex under two N fertilization treatments on sandy soil provided data for model parameterization. The AgroC model simulated barley growth to assess yield potential and yield gaps due to water and N stress. Potential grain yields (assuming no water or N stress) ranged from 4.8 to 6.02 t DW ha−1, with yield losses up to 54.4% assuming only N stress and 59.2% assuming only water stress, even with the N100 treatment (100 kg N ha−1 yr−1). A synthetic case study varying N fertilization from 0 to 200 kg N ha−1 yr−1 showed that increasing N still enhanced yield, but the optimal rate of 100–120 kg N ha−1 yr−1 depended on climatic conditions, leading to uncertainty in fertilization recommendations. This study underscores the importance of integrating advanced modeling techniques with sustainable agricultural practices to boost yield potential and resilience in marginal soils. Incorporating remote sensing data to capture soil and crop variability is recommended for improving simulation accuracy, contributing to sustainable agriculture strategies in the Baltic–Nordic region
Challenges and limitations of using manufacturing data to optimize the setting of rotary tablet presses
No full textCette thèse examine l'optimisation des réglages des presses à comprimés rotatives en utilisant des données de fabrication, avec une application pratique sur un site industriel. En mettant en évidence les avantages de la gestion des données pour améliorer la qualité et l'efficacité de la production, elle souligne également les défis liés à l'intégration des technologies modernes dans un environnement industriel existant. Cette thèse identifie des améliorations substantielles en termes de performance et de qualité, justifiant les investissements dans la transformation numérique. Cette étude propose des perspectives prometteuses pour l'avenir de l'industrie pharmaceutique, en mettant l'accent sur l'importance d'une approche méthodique et analytique pour surmonter les obstacles technologiques et organisationnels.This thesis examines the optimization of rotary tablet press settings using process data, with a practical application at a manufacturing plant. Highlighting the benefits of data management to improve production quality and efficiency, it also highlights the challenges of integrating modern technologies into an existing industrial environment. This thesis identifies substantial improvements in performance and quality, justifying investments in digital transformation. This study offers promising prospects for the future of the pharmaceutical industry, with a focus on the importance of a methodical and analytical approach to overcoming technological and organizational hurdles
La construction du droit processuel de l'éxécution par la fondamentalisation des droits. Conférence-débat
No full textFunctional analysis of FW2.2-LIKE proteins in tomato: SlFWL5 regulates leaf size and morphology.
No full textThe CELL NUMBER REGULATOR/FW2.2-like (CNR/FWL) gene family comprises PLAC8 domain-containing membrane-associated proteins. The CNR/FWL gene family was named in reference to its founding member, the FW2.2 gene, which determines fruit size in tomato via a negative regulation on cell divisions. The functional characterization of PLAC8 domaincontaining CNR/FWL proteins in plants is still very scarce, and only recently the molecular and cellular mode of action of FW2.2 was identified as regulating plasmodesmata-mediated cell-to-cell communication. In the present study, we provided a functional analysis of SlFWL genes in tomato, aiming at investigating any direct role in the control of organ growth. Based on a combination of molecular and cellular approaches, we selected three SlFWL proteins, namely SlFWL2, -4 and -5, which are localized at the plasma membrane. Gain-and loss-offunction transgenic plants were generated to explore their putative role as regulators of organ growth in tomato. This allowed us to shed light more specifically on the critical involvement of SlFWL5 in leaf development. We here showed that SlFWL5 is a plasmodesmata-localized protein that regulates leaf size and morphology via cell expansion, most probably through cell-to-cell communication. This original finding underscores further the importance of the CNR/FWL family members in growth regulation.Comment la communication de cellule à cellule régule-t'elle la croissance du fruit