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The effect of repeat reading method in overcoming reading difficulties of primary school 4th grade students
No full textBu araştırmada öğrenimlerine ilkokul 4. sınıfta devam eden öğrencilerin okuma esnasında gerçekleştirdikleri sesli okuma hatalarını gidermede, okuduklarını anlama becerilerini geliştirmede ve okuma seviyelerini yükseltmede tekrarlı okuma yönteminin etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırma Bartın ilinde birleştirilmiş sınıflı bir ilkokulda araştırmaya uygun katılımcıların tespit edilmesiyle iki öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma eylem araştırması yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sürecinde verileri toplamak amacıyla ‘Yanlış Analiz Envanterinden’ faydalanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada yer alan öğrenciler, tanı almış bir zekâ problemi ve okumalarına engel olabilecek herhangi bir fiziksel eksiklikleri bulunmamasına rağmen okuma faaliyetinde yaşıtlarının seviyesinde performans sergilemeyen okuma güçlüğü yaşayan öğrencilerdir. Öğrencilerin sesli okuma hatalarının neler olduğu okuduklarını anlama becerilerinin düzeyini ve okuma sevileri tespit etmek amacıyla Talim Terbiye Kurulu Başkanlığın tarafından onaylı İlkokul Türkçe ders kitabından ‘Eskiciyle Para Babası’ metni çocuklara okutulmuş, okumaları ses ve görüntü kaydı ile kaydedilmiş ve ‘Yanlış Analiz Envanteri’ kullanılarak çocukların okuma düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Çocukların 4. sınıf okuma düzeylerinin ‘Endişe Düzeyi’ çıkmasından dolayı çocuklara 3. Sınıf seviyesinden ‘Kral ve Tohum’ metni okutulmuş ve analiz sonucunda çocukların okuma düzeyleri 3. sınıf ‘Öğretim Düzeyi’ olarak tespit edilmiş ve uygulama sürecine geçilmiştir. Uygulama öğrenciler için hazırlanan uygun bir ortamda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çocuklar toplamda 24 metin okumuşlardır. Öğretim sürecinin tamamlanmasından sonra okuma güçlüğü yaşayan öğrencilerin sesli okuma hatalarında azalama, okuduğunu anlama ve okuma seviyelerinde gelişim olup olmadığını belirlemek amacıyla öncelikle 3. sınıf düzeyinde ‘Tavşan İle Kaplumbağa’ İsimli metin okutulmuş ve analiz sonucunda öğrencilerin okuma düzeyleri ‘Serbest Okuma Düzeyi’ olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonraki oturumda ise çocuklara kendi sınıf düzeyleri olan 4. sınıf düzeyinde ‘Kaşağı’ isimli metin okutulmuş ve öğrencilerin okuma düzeyleri ‘Öğretim Düzeyi’ olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda öğrencilerin uygulama öncesi 3. sınıf öğretim düzeyinde olan okuma seviyelerinin, tekrarlı okuma yöntemiyle yapılan eğitim sonucunda 3. sınıfta bağımsız düzeye, 4. sınıfta ise öğretim düzeyine çıktığı görülmüştür. Bu durum tekrarlı okuma yönteminin okuma güçlüğünü gidermede etkili olduğunu göstermektedir.In this study, the effect of the repeated reading method on eliminating the reading aloud errors made by 4th grade primary school students during reading, improving their reading comprehension skills and increasing their reading levels was examined. The research was conducted with two students in a primary school with unified classrooms in Bartın province by identifying the participants suitable for the research. The research was conducted with the action research method. In the research process, the 'Error Analysis Inventory' was used to collect data. The data were analyzed using the descriptive analysis method. The students in the study are students with reading difficulties who do not perform at the level of their peers in reading activities, although they do not have a diagnosed intelligence problem and any physical deficiencies that may prevent them from reading. In order to determine the students' reading aloud errors, the level of their reading comprehension skills, and their reading levels, the text 'The Father of Money with the Old Man' from the Primary School Turkish textbook approved by the Presidency of the Board of Education was read to the children, their readings were recorded with audio and video recording, and the children's reading was analyzed using the “Error Analysis Inventory”. levels were determined. Since the children's 4th grade reading levels were found to be at the 'Concern Level', the children were made to read the text 'The King and the Seed' from the 3rd grade level and as a result of the analysis, the children's reading levels were found to be at the 3rd grade 'Instructional Level'.and the implementation process was initiated. The application was carried out in a suitable environment prepared for the students. The children read a total of 24 texts. After the completion of the teaching process, in order to determine whether there was a decrease in reading aloud errors, reading comprehension and improvement in reading levels of students with reading difficulties, firstly, the text titled 'Rabbit and Tortoise' was read at the 3rd grade level and as a result of the analysis, the reading level of the students was determined as 'Free Reading Level'. In the next session, the children were made to read the text 'Kaşağı' at their own grade level of 4th grade and the reading level of the students was determined as 'Instructional Level'. As a result of the study, it was seen that the reading levels of the students, which were at the 3rd grade instructional level before the application, increased to the independent level in the 3rd grade and to the instructional level in the 4th grade as a result of the training with the repeated reading method. This shows that the repeated reading method is effective in eliminating reading difficulties
Difficulties encountered by classroom teachers in differentiated instruction and their opinions on differentiated instruction
No full textBu araştırmada sınıf öğretmenlerinin öğretimi farklılaştırmada karşılaştıkları güçlükler ve farklılaştırılmış öğretime yönelik görüşlerinin incelenilmesi amaç edinilmiştir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Mevcut durumun tespit edilmesi amaçlandığı için tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Bartın ilinde görev yapan sınıf öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini ise 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılında Bartın il merkezi ve il merkezine bağlı köylerde/beldelerde görevli toplam 295 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, öğretimi farklılaştırmayı güçleştiren faktörlere ilişkin öğretmen algı envanteri ve farklılaştırılmış öğretime ilişkin öğretmen görüşleri ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, eğitim programı, aile ve sosyal çevre ile öğrenme ortamlarının farklılaştırılmış öğretimi güçleştirmesine rağmen sınıf öğretmenlerinin farklılaştırılmış öğretime ve uygulanabilirliğine yönelik olumlu bakış açıları olduğuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonucundan hareketle araştırmaya ve araştırmacıya yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.The aim of this study is to examine the difficulties that classroom teachers encounter in differentiating instruction and their opinions on differentiated instruction. Quantitative research method was used in the research. The scanning model was used because it was aimed to determine the current situation. The population of the research consists of primary school teachers working in Bartın province. The sample of the research consists of a total of 295 classroom teachers working in Bartın city center and villages/towns affiliated with the city center in the 2022-2023 academic year. In the study, the teacher perception inventory regarding the factors that make it difficult to differentiate instruction and the teacher views scale regarding differentiated instruction were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS program. As a result of the research, it was found that although the curriculum, family and social environment and learning environments make differentiated teaching difficult, classroom teachers have positive perspectives on differentiated teaching and its applicability. Based on the research results, suggestions were made for the research and the researcher
Chemical resistance and toughness of fiber-reinforced ferrocement composites in H2SO4 and Na2SO4 environments: Enhancing the flexibility of structural foam concrete
No full textThis study investigates the chemical resistance, toughness, and flexibility of fiber-reinforced ferrocement composites exposed to H2SO4 and Na2SO4 environments. Glass fiber (GF), polypropylene fiber (PPF), and polyvinyl alcohol fiber (PVAF) were incorporated to enhance durability. Metakaolin (MK) and micronized waste marble powder (WMP) were used as supplementary cementitious and filler materials, respectively, while a foaming agent was introduced to reduce unit weight. PVAF-reinforced composites demonstrated superior performance in all tested conditions. The lowest water absorption (5.1 %) and highest compressive strength (58.4 MPa at 28 days and 62.7 MPa at 91 days) were observed in PVAF composites. Under Na2SO4 exposure, PVAF composites retained 85 % of their compressive strength with only 2.6 % mass loss, while under H2SO4 exposure, 76 % strength retention and 5.1 % mass loss were recorded. Structural efficiency and flexural toughness were also maximized in PVAF composites. SEM analysis confirmed a denser, more compact microstructure with reduced porosity in fiber reinforced samples, further validating their improved durability. These findings suggest that PVAF-reinforced ferrocement composites are a viable alternative for structural applications in chemically aggressive environments, offering improved mechanical performance and chemical resistance while reducing material weight
Exploring intention to use augmented and virtual reality applications as educational tools
No full textIn today's educational landscape, students have access to enriched learning environments through augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) applications. Effective digital learning depends on identifying the key factors and learner attitudes that influence engagement and task performance. We focused more on preservice teachers' intentions to use AR/VR applications as instructional tools, guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework. A total of 306 preservice teachers participated in the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), 286 in the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and 341 in the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) phase. To identify relevant constructs and beliefs, the researchers developed a questionnaire grounded in TPB-based hypotheses. The questionnaire demonstrated high internal consistency, with a McDonald's Omega reliability coefficient of .95. Three factors-perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, and attitude toward behavior-accounted for 47% of the variance. Empirical findings confirmed the relevance of all three factors in predicting behavioral intention. Specifically, the relationship between attitudes towards behavior and behavioral intention was moderate, between subjective norm and behavioral intention was weak, and between perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention is strong. The findings may guide practitioners in developing and evaluating TPB-based interventions to enhance preservice teachers' intentions to use AR/VR applications as educational tools. The study concludes by identifying gaps within the existing framework and suggesting directions for future research
The Effect of Early Mobilization on Pain and Mobility Levels in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Prosthesis
No full textPurpose: This study was conducted to determine the effect of early mobilization on pain and mobility levels in individuals undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial. Methods: This study was carried out in the orthopedic and traumatology department of a public hospital in Turkey. The data were collected between September 2022 and June 2023. The study sample consisted of 68 patients, 34 in the intervention group and 34 in the control group. Patient Information Form, Brief Pain Inventory, Patient Mobility Scale, and Observer Mobility Scale were used as data collection tools. Findings: The decrease in the current pain 20th-hour value was significant compared to the current pain 8th-hour value in patients in the intervention group. In the control group, the mean value of the Patient Mobility Scale at the 20th hour was significantly higher than the intervention group. In the intervention group, the pain and difficulty measurements during the movements of turning from side to side in the bed, sitting on the edge of the bed, standing up on the edge of the bed, and walking in the patient room at the 20th hour decreased significantly compared to the 8th hour. In the control group, the mean of the Observer Mobility Scale at the 20th hour was considerably higher than the intervention group. Conclusions: Early mobilization positively affected the patient's pain and mobility levels. An early mobilization protocol should be established and implemented in the postoperative period. (c) 2025 American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies
Development of novel Phthalocyanine/Graphene oxide Composite: Potential usage for Sono/Photochemical Applications, and the treatment of type-2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease
No full textIn this study, the novel 3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylthio) phthalonitrile (1) as starting material was synthesized and its molecular structure was verified by the experiment of single crystal X-ray diffraction, and it was first brought to the literature. Then, its non-peripherally tetra-thiazol derivative-substituted phthalocyninato gallium (III) chloride compound (GaClPc:2) was synthesized and characterized for the first time. Then, GaClPc-GO composites (2a-2c) were prepared by non-covalent interaction between GaClPc (2) and graphene oxide (GO). All compounds used were characterized with various spectroscopic methods such as UV-Vis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, SEM and MALDI-TOF MS, Raman. The sonochemical, photochemical and sono-photochemical abilities of the synthesized substances were systematically examined by a comprehensive analysis. The recorded measurements showed that remarkably high quantum yields were obtained after sono-photochemical studies, indicating that these sensitizers could be promising candidate sensitizer molecules for use in pioneering cancer therapies. Then, their effects on several metabolic enzymes were investigated and have been found to be effective inhibition against alpha-glycosidase, alpha-amylase, butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase. Also, IC50 were found as 5.02 to 11.60 mu M for AChE, 12.05 to 36.52 mu M for BChE, 48.52 to 64.50 mu M for alpha-amylase, and 31.14 and 39.64 mu M for alpha-glycosidase
Vanadyl (III)-(E)-N?-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-nicotinohydrazide complex: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro and in silico cholinesterase and ?-glucosidase inhibition studies
No full textA new ligand N-nicotinoyl-N '-(3,5-ditertbuthyl-2-hydroxy)benzylidene hidrazine (H2L) was synthesized and a complex [VO(L)CH3O & sdot;CH3OH] with this ligand was obtained and their structures investigated by X-ray crystallography. It was found that the methanol molecule in the complex is easily exchanged for a pyridine molecule. The effects of H2L and [VO(L)CH3O CH3OH] complexes against AChE, BChE and alpha-glucosidase enzymes were investigated using Ellman and Tao methods and the results were calculated as IC50 and Ki. Both compounds demonstrated effective inhibition of all three enzymes, with varying degrees of potency. For AChE, H2L exhibited the lowest IC50 value (8.45 mu M, r2 = 0.993) and a Ki of 5.53 +/- 0.73 mu M, outperforming both its vanadium complex (IC50 = 10.61 mu M, Ki = 7.38 +/- 1.14 mu M) and the reference drug tacrine (IC50 = 13.75 mu M, Ki = 11.90 +/- 1.01 mu M). Additionally, Molecular docking studies were performed to elucidate the possible inhibition mechanisms and binding modes of the ligand (H2L) and its vanadium complex [VO(L)(CH3O)& sdot;CH3OH] against three target enzymes: acetylcholinesterase (AChE, PDB ID: 4EY7), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, PDB ID: 6EQP), and alpha-glucosidase (alpha-Glu, PDB ID: 3WY1). To achieve a more accurate prediction of ligand-protein interactions and account for conformational flexibility, Induced Fit Docking (IFD) protocols were employed. These two complexes were studied in vitro and in silico and it was determined that they may be used for drug design
Filipinler'de Sürdürülebilirliğin Artırılmasına Yönelik Doğal Liflerden Üretilmiş Ahşap Ürünlerin Geliştirilmesi
No full textPhilippines, home to diverse natural resources and an agriculture-based economy, is increasingly pressured to practice sustainability in the construction and manufacturing sectors. This article investigated the production of engineered wood products from natural fibres and agricultural residues to enhance sustainability and resource optimization. It considers using native raw materials such as bamboo, abaca, coconut husks, banana stalks, rice straw, and peanut shells for new building materials, including more sustainable particleboard, fiberboard and engineered wood. These materials have satisfactory mechanical properties and provide eco-friendly solutions to replace wood and solve deforestation, agrowaste accumulation, and rural economic inequality. The findings focused on new processing methods, product performance, resin development, policy, industry collaboration, and research driving innovation. Although facing real challenges such as variability of quality, low scalability and lack of infrastructure, the Philippines is in a good position to become a regional leader in engineered wood products from sustainable sources. The authors also highlighted the perspectives for research, policy, and industry collaborations that will maximize the opportunities offered by such natural fibre reinforced composites to foster the development of a circular low carbon economy.Filipinler, çeşitli doğal kaynaklara ve tarıma dayalı bir ekonomiye sahip bir ülke olarak, inşaat ve imalat sektörlerinde sürdürülebilir uygulamaları benimseme konusunda giderek artan bir baskı altındadır. Bu makalede, sürdürülebilirliği geliştirmek ve kaynakların etkin kullanımını sağlamak amacıyla tarımsal artık niteliğindeki doğal liflerden mühendislik ahşap ürünlerinin üretimi incelenmiştir. Bambu, abaka, hindistancevizi kabuğu, muz sapı, pirinç samanı ve yer fıstığı kabuğu gibi yerli hammaddelerin daha sürdürülebilir yonga levha, lif levha ve mühendislik ahşapları gibi yeni yapı malzemeleri üretiminde kullanımı ele alınmıştır. Bu malzemeler yalnızca tatmin edici mekanik özelliklere sahip olmakla kalmayıp, aynı zamanda orman tahribatı, tarımsal atık birikimi ve kırsal ekonomik eşitsizlik gibi sorunlara çözüm sunan çevre dostu alternatifler olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Çalışmada, yeni işleme yöntemleri, ürün performansı, reçine geliştirme süreci ile politika yapımı, sanayi iş birlikleri ve araştırma yoluyla yenilikçiliğin teşvik edilmesi gibi konulara odaklanılmıştır. Kalite değişkenliği, düşük ölçeklenebilirlik ve altyapı eksikliği gibi bazı gerçek zorluklarla karşı karşıya olmasına rağmen, Filipinler, sürdürülebilir kaynaklardan elde edilen mühendislik ahşap ürünleri alanında bölgesel bir lider olma potansiyeline sahiptir. Yazarlar ayrıca, doğal lif takviyeli bu kompozitlerin sunduğu fırsatların en üst düzeye çıkarılmasını sağlayacak araştırma, politika ve sanayi iş birliklerine yönelik perspektifleri vurgulamıştır. Bu yönüyle, döngüsel ve düşük karbonlu bir ekonominin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır
An Investigation into the Impact of Influencers Producing Technological Content on Instagram on Customers' Purchasing Decisions
No full textNowadays, social media influencers play a significant role in the world of marketing. Social media influencers reach large audiences by producing content on social media platforms, and they exert considerable impact on these audiences. The literature suggests that social media users form parasocial relationships, and these relationships develop based on the influencer's characteristics, such as attractiveness, expertise, credibility, and similarity. It has also been proven in various studies that social media influencers have a strong effect on increasing the purchasing intentions of their followers. In this study, the effects of social media influencers on parasocial relationships and the purchasing intentions of their followers were examined. The research was conducted among Instagram users in Turkey, and the data were collected using a survey method. The survey included statements aimed at measuring elements such as parasocial relationships, attractiveness, expertise, credibility, and similarity. Because of the data analysis, it was found that characteristics such as influencers' attractiveness and expertise strengthen parasocial relationships, and these relationships positively influence followers' purchasing intentions. Additionally, the perception of fairness also had a significant impact on these relationships. These findings suggest that social media influencers can be an effective tool in marketing strategies
E-Sağlık Uygulamalarının Değerlendirilmesi
No full textE-health, with its extensive range of applications worldwide, is continually reshaped by emerging technologies. In both Turkey and across the globe, e-health applications have made significant contributions to healthcare management and the establishment of healthier societies by enhancing the speed and efficiency of healthcare services. This article seeks to provide a comprehensive definition of e-health while assessing the current state of e-health service utilisation in Turkey and internationally. Additionally, it aims to contribute to the academic literature by offering insights into the advantages and disadvantages of e-health applications, as well as the strengths and areas for improvement among healthcare providers.As population growth and increased life expectancy drive greater demand for healthcare services, e-health applications, which offer substantial benefits for both providers and users, have assumed a critical position. A thorough analysis of these applications, addressing their deficiencies, and the development of new solutions tailored to evolving needs are essential steps towards ensuring sustainable healthcare systems.Dünya'da birçok uygulaması bulunan e-sağlık her geçen gün yeni teknolojiler ile şekillenmektedir. Türkiye' de ve Dünya genelinde e-sağlık uygulamaları, sağlık hizmetlerini hızlı ve etkili hale getirerek sağlık yönetimine ve sağlıklı toplumlara katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu makalenin amacı e-sağlığın genel bir tanımını yaparak, Dünya' da ve Türkiye'de e-sağlık hizmetleri kullanımının güncel durumunu değerlendirmektir. Ayrıca e-sağlık uygulamalarının avantajları ve dezavantajları ile sağlık hizmeti sunucularına konu ile ilgili güçlü ve iyileştirilmeye açık yönler hakkında fikir vererek, literatüre katkı sunmaktır. Nüfusun ve yaşam süresinin artması sağlık hizmetlerine olan talebi de artıracağından, sağlık hizmeti sunucuları ve kullanıcılarına büyük avantajları olan e-sağlık uygulamaları önemli bir konuma gelmiştir. Bu uygulamaların iyi analiz edilmesi ve eksiklilerinin giderilmesi, ihtiyaçlara göre yeni uygulamaların hayata geçirilmesi sürdürülebilir sağlık sistemleri için önemlidir