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Hot corrosion behavior of AlCoCrFeNiZr high entropy alloy (HEA) coating system exposed to Na2SO4-V2O5 salt
No full textThis study investigated the hot corrosion behavior of AlCoCrFeNiZr high entropy alloy (HEA) top coatings with CoNiCrAlY bond coatings. CoNiCrAlY bond coatings were deposited on a Inconel 718 nickel-based superalloy substrate using an high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) technique. HEA coatings were deposited on a CoNiCrAlY bond coats using an atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) process. The coatings were subjected to hot corrosion tests at 700 degrees C and 800 degrees C in a molten salt environment containing 45 % Na2SO4 and 55 % V2O5. The microstructural aspects and phase analyses were evaluated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) equipped scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The results obtained from the hot corrosion tests and subsequent analyses showed that the AlCoCrFeNiZr HEA coating system maintained its structural integrity against hot corrosion damage despite approximately 30-35 % damage.Council of Higher EducationWe would like to thank the Council of Higher Education for the support of the 100/2000 YOK Doctoral Scholarship
LULC changes in Türkiye's mountains for the 2000-2022 period and its implications on national GHG emissions
No full textGiven the ecological significance and extensive coverage of mountainous regions in T & uuml;rkiye, this study evaluates the effects of land use and land cover (LULC) changes in these areas on national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions between 2000 and 2022. Collect Earth (CE), an open-source program developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), was used to monitor the LULC changes. Collect Earth monitoring relies on high-resolution imagery from Google Earth and Bing Maps, enabling detailed plot-level assessments from local to national scales. The coefficients and emission factors to estimate GHG emission and removals were taken from the most recent National GHG Inventory Report (NIR) to ensure consistency and comparability. The land monitoring system revealed that 60.96 million hectares, constituting more than three-fourths of the country, are classified as mountainous. During the monitoring period, the settlement was the land use class with the most significant proportional increase (30.36%), mainly consuming cropland and grassland. Our results revealed that cropland (0.05%) and grassland (2.19%) areas shrank, while forestland (0.28%) and reservoir areas (6.03%) increased since the year 2000. Even though net forest cover (afforestation-deforestation) increased by around 59.3 Kha, the sole forest-related conversions increased the GHG emissions by 25.1 Mt CO2eq. The total effect of LULC changes on the GHG balance was a net 47.1 Mt CO2eq of emissions. Thus, LULC changes in T & uuml;rkiye's mountainous areas acted as a net emission source, adding over 2 MtCO2eq annually during the 20-year period.Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [120O687]; TUBITAKThis study was supported by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) under the project titled The Monitoring of Ecological Conditions and Land Use/Land Cover of Turkey's Mountain Ecosystem, and Development of a Remote Sensing-Based Algorithm for Climate Change Adaptation Capacities-120O687. The authors express their gratitude to TUBITAK for its support
Effect of natural ventilation on indoor air quality parameters in different microenvironments
No full textIn this study, the effect of natural ventilation on indoor air quality was investigated in different microenvironments and possible sources of pollutants were estimated. Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 mu m and less than 10 mu m, total volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, temperature and humidity values were measured. Carbon dioxide was measured with PCE CMM5, other parameters with PCE- RCM 11. It was determined that the winter season concentrations of both particulate and gas phase compounds were higher than other seasons. The results indicated that the increase in human numbers and activity can cause the resuspension of dust accumulated on indoor surfaces. It was determined that frying/cooking processes and disinfectant use may cause an instant increase in total volatile organic compounds and formaldehyde concentrations. Additionally, total volatile organic compounds and formaldehyde concentrations may be affected printers, personal computers, potted plants, wooden cabinets, tables, wooden flooring, personal care products (perfume, cream, hand sanitizer, etc.) and citrus fruits. Indoor particle matter concentration increased during natural ventilation, especially in windy weather. The average values determined for quality parameters (except carbon dioxide) before natural ventilation did not show any significant difference according to the sampling points (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, the difference between the concentrations of total volatile organic compounds total volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde and carbon dioxide compounds before and during natural ventilation was statistically significant (p < 0.05).Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK); TUBITAK 2209-A Program [1919B012001314]The authors would like to thank the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for providing financial support with the TUBITAK 2209-A Program (Project number: 1919B012001314)
Investigation of the effects of different arbutus (Arbutus unedo L.) provenance on anti-microbial and probiotic bacteria
No full textBu araştırmada; Kocayemiş (Arbutus unedo L.)'in doğal yayılış alanından meyve olgunlaşma döneminde ulaşımın mümkün bazı orijinlerden (Balıkesir-Bandırma, BartınAmasra, Kastamonu-Cide, Sinop-İnceburun ve Zonguldak-Dirgine) toplanan meyveler üzerinde gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada, orijin farklılığının kocayemişin anti-mikrobiyal ve probiyotik bakteriler üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, Escherichia coli ve Staphylococcus aureus isimli ve genel olarak tüm ortamlarda yaygın olarak bulunan patojen bakteriler üzerinde orijinler itibarıyla toplanan kocayemiş meyvelerinden elde edilen ekstrakların ayrı anti-mikrobiyal aktivitesi incelenmiştir. Tek yönlü olarak yapılan varyans analizi sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde kocayemişe ait farklı orijinlerden toplanan meyvelerden elde edilen ekstratların Escherichia coli bakterisinin meydana getirdiği mikrobiyal aktivite üzerinde farklı etkilerinin olduğu saptanmıştır. Yapılan istatistiki karşılaştırma sonucunda kocayemiş meyvelerinin toplandığı 5 farklı orijin arasında söz konusu bu bakterinin meydana getirdiği mikrobiyal etki üzerinde %99 güven düzeyinde istatistiki açıdan anlamlı farklılık belirlenmiştir. Bu itibarla kocayemiş orijinlerinin homojen gruplarını belirlemek için %95 güven düzeyinde gerçekleştirilen Ducan testinden elde edilen bulgulara göre, anti-mikrobiyal etkinin belirlenmesinde kullanılan en önemli değişken olan bakteri canlılık oranı (%) değişkenine göre %95 güven düzeyinde kocayemiş meyvelerinin toplandığı 5 orijin üç grupta toplanmıştır. Buna göre Escherichia coli bakterisinin etkilerini en alt düzeyler olan %29,72 ve %28,94 canlılık oranlarına indiren Amasra ve Cide orijinleri ilk grupta yer alırken, Bandırma ve İnceburun orijinleri %31,53 ve %32,65'lik canlılık oranları ile ikinci grupta ve en yüksek bakteri canlılık oranı olan %36,81 ile Dirgine orijini ise son grupta yer almıştır. Araştırmada kültür ortamlarında yaygın olarak bulunan Staphylococcus aureus isimli bakteri üzerinde de deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Söz konusu u bakterinin meydana getirdiği mikrobiyal etkinin orijinler itibarıyla farklılık gösterip göstermediği belirlemek için yine bu konuda en geçerli değişken olan bakteri canlılık oranı (%) değişkeni yönünden 3 tekrarlı olarak elde edilen ham verilere tek yönlü olarak yapılan varyans analizi sonuçlarına göre, farklı orijinlerden toplanan kocayemiş meyvelerinin ekstratlarının bakteri canlılık oranı değişkeni itibarıyla Staphylococcus aureus bakterisinin mikrobiyal faaliyetleri üzerindeki etkisi istatistiki açıdan %99 güven aralığında farklı düzeylerde gerçekleşmiştir. Bu kapsamda, %95 güven düzeyinde orijinlerin bakteri canlılık oranı üzerindeki etkileri itibarıyla gruplandırmasını gerçekleştirmek için yapılan Ducan testi sonucunda %95 güven düzeyinde Staphylococcus aureus bakterisinin etkilerini en alt düzeyleri olan %231,63 ve %30,87 canlılık oranlarına indiren Amasra ve Cide orijinleri ilk grupta yer alırken, Bandırma ve İnceburun orijinleri %34,45 ve %33,91'lik canlılık oranları ile ikinci grupta ve en yüksek bakteri canlılık oranı olan %37,52 ile Dirgine orijini ise son grupta yer almıştır. Bu araştırmanın ikinci önemli amacını ve hedefini ise, farklı orijinlerden toplanan kocayemiş meyvelerinden farklı konsantrasyonlarda elde edilen besi ortamlarının probiyotik bakteriler üzerindeki etki farklılığını ortaya koymak oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla, bakteriyel agregasyon aktivitesinin ölçülebilmesi için otoagregasyon ve koagregasyon yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (GG) probiyotik bakterisinin büyümesi üzerine farklı orijinlerden toplanan kocayemiş meyvelerinden elde edilen ekstratlardan oluşan besin ortamları arasında yapılan tek yönlü varyans analizine göre istatistiki açıdan %95 güven düzeyinde önemli bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda Lactobacillus rhamnosus (GG) probiyotik bakterisinin büyüme ortamı ve büyüme performansı üzerine kocayemiş meyvesinin toplandığı farklı orijinlerin meydana getirdiği grupların belirlenmesi amacıyla %95 güven düzeyinde uygulanan Ducan testine göre, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (GG) probiyotik bakterisinin büyüme performansı yönünden; Amasra orijini %56,39, Cide orijini %55,27 ve Bandırma orijini %53,86'lık büyüme performansları ile ilk grupta yer alırken, İnceburun orijini %49,73 ve Dirgine orijini de %45,98'lik büyüme performansları ile ikinci grubu oluşturmuşlardır.In this study; The effect of origin differences on antimicrobial and probiotic bacteria of strawberry (Arbutus unedo L.) collected from some accessible provenances (BalıkesirBandırma, Bartın-Amasra, Kastamonu-Cide, Sinop-İnceburun and Zonguldak-Dirgine) during the fruit ripening period from the natural distribution area of strawberry (Arbutus unedo L.) was investigated in this study. For this purpose, the separate antimicrobial activities of the extracts obtained from arbutus fruits collected according to origins on pathogenic bacteria called Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, which are generally found in all environments, were investigated. When the results of one-way variance analysis were evaluated, it was determined that the extracts obtained from fruits collected from different origins of arbutus had different effects on the microbial activity caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. As a result of the statistical comparison, a statistically significant difference was determined at a 99% confidence level on the microbial effect caused by these bacteria among 5 different origins where the arbutus fruits were collected. In this respect, according to the findings obtained from the Ducan Range Test performed at a 95% confidence level to determine the homogeneous groups of strawberry provenances, according to the variable of bacterial viability rate (%) which is the most important variable used in determining the antimicrobial effect, 5 provenances where the arbutus fruits were collected were grouped into three groups at a 95% confidence level. Accordingly, Amasra and Cide provenances, which reduced the effects of Escherichia coli bacteria to the lowest levels of 29.72% and 28.94% viability rates, were in the first group, while Bandırma and İnceburun provenances were in the second group with 31.53% and 32.65% viability rates, and Dirgine provenance was in the last group with the highest bacterial viability rate of 36.81%. In the study, experiments were also carried out on the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, which is commonly found in culture environments. In order to determine whether the microbial effect caused by this bacterium differs in terms of origins, according to the results of one-way variance analysis performed on the raw data obtained in 3 repetitions in terms of the bacterial viability rate (%) variable, which is the most valid variable in this regard, the effect of the extracts of the arbutus fruits collected from different origins on the microbial activities of the Staphylococcus aureus bacterium in terms of the bacterial viability rate variable occurred at different levels in terms of statistical significance within the 99% confidence interval. In this context, as a result of the Ducan Range Test conducted to group the origins according to their effects on bacterial viability at a 95% confidence level, Amasra and Cide provenances, which reduced the effects of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria to the lowest levels of 231.63% and 30.87% viability at a 95% confidence level, were in the first group, while Bandırma and İnceburun provenances were in the second group with 34.45% and 33.91% viability rates, and Dirgine provenance was in the last group with the highest bacterial viability rate of 37.52%. The second important aim and goal of this research is to reveal the difference in the effects of nutrient media obtained at different concentrations from arbutus fruits collected from different origins on probiotic bacteria. For this purpose, auto-aggregation and co-aggregation methods were used to measure bacterial aggregation activity. In the study, according to one-way analysis of variance performed between the nutrient media consisting of extracts obtained from strawberry fruits collected from different origins on the growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (GG) probiotic bacteria, a statistically significant difference was determined at the 95% confidence level. In this context, according to the Ducan Range Test applied at the 95% confidence level in order to determine the groups formed by different origins of arbutus fruits collected on the growth media and growth performance of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (GG) probiotic bacteria, in terms of growth performance of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (GG) probiotic bacteria; While Amasra origin was in the first group with 56.39%, Cide origin was in the first group with 55.27% and Bandırma provenance was in the second group with 53.86% growth performance, İnceburun provenance was in the second group with 49.73% and Dirgine provenance was in the second group with 45.98% growth performance
Çocukların Suça Sürüklenmesinde Sosyal Psikolojik Faktörler: Gözden Geçirme Çalışması
No full textSocial psychological factors exert both direct and indirect influences on children's development, shaping their behaviors and interactions within various contexts. Recent years have highlighted the need for more comprehensive research approaches that examine the role of social psychological contexts in the process of children's delinquency. While previous studies often focus on isolated factors, such as socio-economic status, family dynamics, or substance use, a holistic approach that integrates the structural and social dimensions of the environment is crucial for effectively addressing these issues.This study aims to review the role of social psychological factors in children's delinquency and synthesize findings from the literature on strategies to mitigate their negative impacts. Specifically, it explores the potential contributions of intervention programs, with a particular emphasis on school-based interventions, in reducing the likelihood of delinquent behavior among children.A key emphasis of this research is the prevention of iatrogenic effects and the avoidance of labeling in intervention programs designed for children at risk of delinquency. By addressing these considerations, the study underscores the importance of fostering positive developmental trajectories for children and adolescents.The insights provided in this review are expected to contribute to future studies by offering a nuanced understanding of the interplay between social psychological factors and delinquency. Moreover, the findings aim to inform the development of more effective intervention strategies andSosyal psikolojik faktörler, çocukların gelişimini hem doğrudan hem de dolaylı etkileyerek davranışlarını ve etkileşimlerini şekillendirebilmektedir. Son yıllarda çocukların suça sürüklenme sürecinde sosyal psikolojik bağlamın etkisine yönelik daha kapsamlı yaklaşımlar benimseyen araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulduğu açıktır. Sosyal bilimciler, genellikle sosyo-ekonomik düzey, aile ilişkileri, madde kullanımı gibi tek bir faktörün olası etkilerine odaklanarak çocukların suça sürüklenmesine etki eden dinamikleri belirlemeye çalışmaktadırlar. Ancak, çevrenin yapısal ve sosyal özelliklerini bütüncül bir perspektifle ele almak ve buna göre müdahalelerde bulunmak, bu sorunlarla etkili bir şekilde mücadele etmek için gereklidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çocukların suça sürüklenmesinde etkili olan sosyal psikolojik faktörlere ilişkin sürecin gözden geçirilmesidir. Çocukların suça sürüklenmesi sürecinde yer alan sosyal psikolojik faktörlerin olumsuz etkileriyle başa çıkmada alan yazında yer alan araştırmaların aktarılması bu çalışmanın bir diğer amacını oluşturmaktadır. Genel olarak müdahale programlarının, spesifik olarak ise çocukların suça sürüklenmesinde müdahale programlarının olası etkilerinin aktarıldığı bu çalışmada, okul temelli müdahale programlarından da bahsedilmektedir. Suça sürüklenen çocuklara yönelik geliştirelecek müdahale programlarında, iatrojenik zararların önlenmesi ve katılımcıların etiketlenmesinin engellenmesinin önemi, bu çalışmanın vurgulamak istediği bir diğer konudur. Tüm bu özelliklerin ele alınmasının gelecekte gerçekleştirilecek çalışmalara katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu araştırma, çocuk ve ergenlerin olumlu sosyal, psikolojik ve gelişimsel süreçlerine katkı sağlamayı amaçlamakta olup bu amaç doğrultusunda gerçekleştirilecek araştırmalar ve sosyal politikalara yönelik bilgi birikiminin genişletilmesini ve derinleştirilmesini hedeflemektedir
A study of the Ahkâm-ı Alamgîrî work compiled by Hamîduddin Khan Bahadır
No full textBabürlü Devleti'nin dördüncü hükümdarı olan Padişah-ı Gazi Âlemgîr Ebu'l-Muzaffer Muhammed Muhyiddin Evrengzîb (1658/1707), 3 Kasım 1618'de, günümüzde Bombay'a (Mumbai) bağlı Panch Mahal bölgesindeki Dohad kasabasında doğmuştur. Şah Cihan ve ünlü eşi Mümtaz Mahal'in üçüncü oğlu olan Evrengzîb Babür Devleti'nin "altın çağı" olarak tanımlanabilecek bir dönemi yaşatmıştır. Ancak sonradan onun dönemine yönelik olumsuz ifadeler ve çeşitli eleştiriler ortaya çıkmıştır. Babürlü Devleti'nin çöküşüne neden olduğu iddiasıyla suçlanmasına kadar varan bu eleştiriler özellikle 20. yüzyılda, çoğunlukla Avrupa'da yayımlanan eserlerde yer bulmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Evrengzîb dönemi, yargı sistemi, yargı sisteminde temel kaynak olan el-Fetâva el-Âlemgîriyye ve doğrudan dönemin olaylarını aktaran klasik bir metin niteliğinde olan Hamîdüddin Han Bahadır Nimçe'nin yazdığı Ahkâm-ı Âlemgîrî eserlerinee dayanarak incelenecektir. Eser, Evrengzîb'in şehzadelik döneminden başlayarak yaklaşık yarım asır süren hükümdarlığı boyunca gerçekleşen önemli olayları içermektedir. Ayrıca, halkının büyük bir kısmı gayrimüslim olan ülkesini İslam hukuku çerçevesinde nasıl yönettiği ele alınacak, onun bir Müslüman hükümdar olarak icraatları analiz edilecektir. Bu bağlamda Evrengzîb'in yönetim biçimi ve Babürlü toplumunda bıraktığı izler değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır.The fourth ruler of the Mughal Empire, Sultan of the Conqueror, Abu'l-Muzaffar Muhammed Muhyiddin Aurangzeb (d. 1118/1707), was born on November 3, 1618, in the town of Dohad in the Panch Mahal region, now part of modern-day Bombay (Mumbai). He was the third son of Shah Jahan and his famous wife Mumtaz Mahal. Aurangzeb ruled during what is often described as the "golden age" of the Mughal Empire. Still, over time, his reign has been criticized, with some accusing him of contributing to the empire's decline, particularly in 20th-century European scholarship. This study will examine the reign of Aurangzeb, focusing on the judicial system, the primary source for this system, el-Fetâva el-Âlemgîriyye, and a classical text that directly addresses the events of the period, Ahkâm-i Alamgîrî, written by Hamîduddin Han Bahadur Nimcha. This work covers important events from Aurangzeb's time as a prince to his nearly half-century rule. Additionally, the analysis will explore how he governed a country where most of the population was non-Muslim, implementing Islamic law. The study will assess his policies and the impact of his rule on Mughal society from an objective perspective
Highly efficient and recyclable Co/NiMoO4 catalyst for hydrogen production via sodium borohydride hydrolysis
No full textSodium borohydride (NaBH4), a chemical storage material, is an efficient source for safe and effective hydrogen (H2) storage. In this paper, NiMoO4 nanorods-supported Co nanoparticles (Co/NiMoO4) were successfully synthesized using the impregnation-reduction method, and their characterization was carried out using advanced analytical tools such as inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and N2-adsorption-desorption. In the hydrolysis of NaBH4, the Co/NiMoO4 catalyst achieved an H2 production rate (HGR) of 8572.97 mLgcat-1 min-1 and a turnover frequency (TOF) of 1544.40 molH2molCo-1 h-1. Moreover, the Co/NiMoO4 catalyst exhibited significant stability, retaining 84.98% of its initial HGR efficiency and achieving a 94.90% conversion of NaBH4 to H2 after 5 catalytic cycles
Effects of lemon oil-based nanoemulsion on sensory and microbiological quality of vacuum packed raw versus steam cooked trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) stored at+4 ± 2 °C
No full textThe changes in TVB-N (Total Volatile Base Nitrogen) content, sensory and microbiological properties of raw and steamed trout cubes treated with lemon oil nanoemulsion (LON) were examined for 30 days at 4 +/- 2 degrees C and the shelf life was determined. RT (raw trout), RTL (raw trout treated with LON), ST (steamed trout), and STL (steamed trout treated with LON) groups were assigned. Zeta size, polydispersity index and zeta potential values of fabricated nanoemulsion were determined as equal to 197.067 nm, 0.217, and - 3.56 mV, respectively. The numbers of Total Mesophilic Aerobic Bacteria (TMAB), Total Psychrophilic Aerobic Bacteria (TPAB), Total Yeast and Mold (TYM), Total Coliform Bacteria (TCB), and Total Anaerobic Bacteria (TAB) were significantly decreased in the steam cooking and LON treated groups.The increase in the TVB-N amount was limited in the samples treated with nanoemulsion, and STL samples showed better sensory quality. As a result, nanoemulsification and steam cooking application increased the sensory and microbiological quality of trout and extended its shelf life. [GRAPHICS]Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBIdot;TAK); Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Sinop University under the Scientific Research and Development Support Program [SUF-1901-21-012]Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUB & Idot;TAK). This study was funded by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Sinop University under the Scientific Research and Development Support Program. Project no: SUF-1901-21-012
Lise Öğrencilerinin Matematik Tutum, Özyeterlik ve Kaygılarının Cinsiyet ve Sınıf Düzeyine Göre İncelenmesi
No full textThe present study investigated high school Turkish students' mathematics attitudes, self-efficacy, and anxiety in terms of their gender and grade level, and the association among those elements. For the purpose of investigating distinctions in attitude, self-efficacy, and anxiety regarding gender and grade level, one-way ANOVAs and independent sample t-tests were carried out, respectively. Also, the Pearson product-moment correlation was utilized to examine the connection among students' mathematics attitude, self-efficacy, and anxiety. The findings showed that while students' attitudes and anxiety scores in mathematics did not differ by gender, significant differences existed in their mathematics self-efficacy scores regarding gender. Furthermore, a significant mean difference existed between 10th grade and 12th grade students, and 10th grade and graduated students concerning mathematics attitude. Furthermore, a significant mean difference was observed between 10th grade and graduated students concerning mathematics self-efficacy as well as between 10th grade and 12th grade students in terms of mathematics anxiety. Findings also confirmed the strong association among mathematics attitude, self-efficacy, and anxiety.Bu çalışmada lise düzeyindeki Türk öğrencilerinin cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeylerine göre matematiğe yönelik tutumları, matematik öz-yeterlikleri, matematik kaygıları ile bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeyine göre öz-yeterlik, kaygı ve tutumdaki farklılıkları araştırmak amacıyla sırasıyla tek yönlü varyans analizleri (ANOVAs) ve bağımsız örneklem t-testi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, öğrencilerin matematik tutumları, öz-yeterlikleri ve kaygıları arasındaki bağlantının araştırılması için Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyonu kullanımına yer verilmiştir. Bulgular, öğrencilerin matematikteki tutum ve kaygı puanlarının cinsiyete göre farklılık göstermediğini, ancak matematik öz yeterlilik puanlarında cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, 10. sınıf ile 12. sınıf öğrencileri ve 10. sınıf ile mezun öğrenciler arasında matematiğe yönelik tutum açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. Buna ek olarak, matematik öz-yeterliği açısından 10. sınıf öğrencileri ile mezun öğrenciler arasında ve matematik kaygısı açısından 10. sınıf ile 12. sınıf öğrencileri arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. Bulgular ayrıca matematik tutum, öz-yeterlik ve kaygı arasındaki güçlü ilişkiyi de doğrulamıştır
Turkish recreation history: those who do not know their past cannot shape the future!
No full textThe aim of this study was to convey the perspectives, and experiences of field experts who have witnessed the development process of Turkish recreation, for which there are a limited number of written sources in the literature regarding recreation, the changes and obstacles they face, and recommendations for solutions to the problems. The study group consisted of 6 academics who have seen the development and change process of Turkish recreation. The study data were collected using a semi-structured interview form and responses were evaluated using the content analysis technique. Analysis of the data obtained from the interviews revealed 62 codes and the 4 themes of the first experience of recreation, obstacles and recommended solutions, the development of recreation, and the future. How and when the academics who brought recreation to T & uuml;rkiye first encountered recreation was discussed, and their positive and negative experiences were revealed, enabling an overview of the development of Turkish recreation. These experiences also allowed the obstacles to recreation in the Turkish context to be better understood. The academics also offered solutions for overcoming these obstacles and further developing recreation. The recommended solutions and future perspectives can be used to guide academic studies and for joint collaborative actions to be taken