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Iristectorin A Ameliorates Cisplatin-Induced Hepatorenal Injury in Mice Through Modulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway
No full textCisplatin (CIS) is a chemotherapeutic agent frequently used in cancer treatment. However, depending on the dosage and duration of use, CIS can lead to hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Iristectorin A (IRIS), a natural flavonoid, has been found to exhibit antioxidant and protective effects. In this paper, we scrutinized the effects and molecular mechanisms of the IRIS on CIS-induced liver and kidney damage in mice. IRIS administration alleviated CIS-induced elevations in AST, ALT, ALP, BUN, and creatinine levels by approximately 12%, 15%, 11%, 21%, and 15%, respectively. It also inhibited liver and kidney MDA levels by approximately 29% and 28%, while enhancing liver and kidney GSH, SOD, and CAT levels by 47%-60%, 85%-70%, and 90%-55%, respectively. IRIS enhanced liver and kidney mRNA expression levels of Nrf2 (by approximately 1.6- and 1.5-fold, respectively), HO-1 (by 1.5- and 1.5-fold, respectively), and Bcl-2 (by 1.5- and 1.4-fold, respectively). In addition, IRIS suppressed the mRNA expression levels of NF-kappa B (by 0.7- and 0.7-fold), TNF-alpha (by 0.7- and 0.7-fold), Bax (by 0.8- and 0.7-fold), and Cas-3 (by 0.9- and 0.7-fold). Protein expression analysis revealed that IRIS increased Nrf2 (by 1.5- to 1.2-fold) and Bcl-2 levels (by 1.3- to 1.7-fold), and reduced Bax (by 0.7- to 0.8-fold) and Cas-3 (by 0.8- and 0.8-fold) levels altered by CIS treatment. Moreover, IRIS administration prevented histopathological changes in the liver and kidney caused by CIS. Ultimately, IRIS was found to substantially mitigate CIS-induced hepatorenal injury by targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis through regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Therefore, IRIS holds potential as a therapeutic adjuvant in the use of CIS
PEG2000@PAN Composite Electrospinned Nanostructures as Shape Stabilised Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage
No full textIn this study, nanostructures were produced through electrospinning from poly(ethylene glycol) 2000 (PEG2000)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solutions in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Since PAN is the most easily spun polymer, it acts as a scaffold for nano-dispersed PEG2000 that cannot be electrospinned into a nanofiber. In this way, PEG2000@PAN electrospinned materials can be easily applied. The solutions prepared are 10%, 20%, and 35% PAN by mass in DMF because further ratios showed leakage when PEG2000 was liquid. PEG2000 is dispersed randomly in PAN nanofibrils in the resulting structure, sufficient for shape stability and nanodispersion efficiency. DSC analysis performed in the range of 0-70 ? revealed the melting enthalpies of PEG2000@PAN 10/90, PEG2000@PAN 20/80 and PEG2000@PAN 35/65 nanofibers as averages of 1.8 J.g-1, 39.4 J.g-1, and 46.3 J.g-1, respectively. According to the SEM images, PEG2000@PAN nanofabrics showed increasing aggregation with the PEG2000 content. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Emotional and Social Reflections in Forms of Address in Turkish and Ukrainian (The Case of Animal Imagery in Turkish and Ukrainian)
No full textDil, sadece bir iletişim aracı değil, aynı zamanda kültürel bellektir. İnsanlar arası iletişimin temelini oluşturan dilin ardından gelen en önemli unsur hitaptır. Hitap, yalnızca kullanılan kelimenin anlamı ile değil, bu kelimenin nasıl bir ses tonuyla söylendiğiyle de derinlik kazanır. Özellikle “sen”, “siz” ya da özel isimlerle yapılan hitaplarda ses tonuna yüklenen duygular (sevgi, öfke, şaşkınlık vb.) karşı tarafın algısını şekillendirir. Bu bağlamda, insanın birine doğrudan ismiyle değil de sevgi ve şefkat içeren mecazlarla hitap etme ihtiyacı duyduğu görülür. Hitap biçimleri, hem Türkçe'de hem Ukraynaca'da toplumsal değerlerin, düşünsel yapının ve kolektif zihniyetin izlerini taşır. Bu dillerde sıkça başvurulan hayvan metaforları, antropomorfik eğilimlerle şekillenerek mecaz gücünü ortaya koyar. Örneğin Türkçede “kuzum” ifadesi çocuklara sevgiyle hitap etmek için kullanılırken, Ukraynaca'da benzer işlevi “??? ??????” (tavşanım) görmektedir. Ancak aynı hayvanlara atfedilen özellikler diller arasında farklılık gösterebilir. Türkçede "koç" güç ve cesareti simgelerken, Ukraynaca'da karşılığı olan “?????” (koyun), akılsızlık ve yönsüzlük gibi olumsuz çağrışımlara sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Türkçe ve Ukraynaca'daki hayvan temelli hitapların olumlu ve olumsuz anlamlarını nitel yöntemlerle analiz ederek kültürel farkları ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.Language is not only a tool of communication but also a cultural memory. Following language, the most essential element in interpersonal communication is address. Addressing gains depth not only through the literal meaning of the word used but also through the tone in which it is spoken. Especially when using pronouns like "you" or personal names, the emotional nuances conveyed through tone-such as affection, anger, or surprise-shape the listener's perception. In this context, individuals often prefer using metaphorical expressions that reflect care and affection rather than direct names. Forms of address in both Turkish and Ukrainian reflect societal values, modes of thought, and collective mentalities. In these languages, animal metaphors are frequently used and shaped by anthropomorphic tendencies, revealing the figurative strength of the language. For example, in Turkish, "kuzum" (my lamb) is commonly used by mothers to address their children affectionately, whereas in Ukrainian, "??? ??????" (my little bunny) serves a similar function. However, the symbolic value of animals may differ between cultures: while "koç" (ram) in Turkish symbolizes strength and courage, its Ukrainian counterpart “?????” (sheep/ram) carries negative connotations such as foolishness or lack of direction. This study aims to analyze and classify the positive and negative meanings of animal-based metaphors in Turkish and Ukrainian using qualitative research methods, thus revealing cultural differences embedded in language
The case of testing in Al-Ma?turi?di?
No full textİmtihan kelimesi Kur'ân-ı Kerim'de doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak pek çok yerde deneme, sınama, sınav gibi eş anlamlı kelimeler ile karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu kelime ile ilgili İslâm düşünce geleneğinde birçok görüş belirtilmiştir. Bu kavramın Kur'ân'ın çeşitli ayetlerinde geçmesi ile âlimlerin kesin olarak şu anlama gelir sonucuna varamaması insanların aklında soru işareti oluşmasına neden olmuştur. İnsanoğlunun çoğu zaman başına gelen olaylara anlam verememesi, ben kimseye kötülük yapmıyorum neden benim başıma böyle musibetler ve belâlar geliyor diye sorgulamalarından dolayı âlimler bu kavram ile ilgili açıklama yapma gereği duymuşlardır. Şüphesiz bu âlimlerden birisi de müfessir ve fakihliği ile meşhur Ebu Mansur el-Matürîdî'dir. Düşünceleriyle İslâm dünyasının önde gelenlerinden biri olan Matürîdî'nin imtihan olgusu ile ilgili görüşleri de ehemmiyetli bir yere sahiptir. Özellikle Te'vilâtü'l Kur'ân adlı eserinde imtihan kelimesi kendisini açıklanmaya değer bir kavram olarak göstermektedir. Ona göre insan her şeyle ve her şekilde imtihan edilebilir. Allah'ın kulları denemeye ihtiyacı yoktur fakat kulların imtihan edilmesi kendi menfaatleri içindir. İmam Matürîdî'nin imtihan kavramına yüklediği anlam ve ilişkilendirdiği kelimeler ve bakış açısının farklılığı diğer âlimlerden ayrıldığının en büyük göstergesidir. Meşhur bir müfessir olan Matürîdî, bu kelimenin üzerinde fazlaca durmuş ve kendi düşünce sisteminde önemli bir yer ayırmıştır. O, imtihan kelimesini ele alırken manası, kimlerin imtihan edildiği ve ne ile imtihan edildiği meseleleri üzerinde durmuştur. Tevilâ't sahibinin düşünce sisteminde bu kavram farklı bir bakış açısıyla temellendirilmiştir.The word imtihan appears in the Qur'an, either directly or indirectly, in many instances through synonymous terms such as testing, trial, and examination. Numerous opinions have been presented within the Islamic intellectual tradition regarding this concept. The fact that this concept is mentioned in various verses of the Qur'an, while scholars have not reached a definitive conclusion about its exact meaning, has left many questions in people's minds. Often, human beings are unable to make sense of the events that happen to them, questioning, " I do no harm to anyone, so why do such calamities and troubles befall me?" As a result of such inquiries, scholars felt the need to explain this concept. Undoubtedly, one of these scholars is Abu Mansur al- Maturidi, who is renowned as both a commentator (mufassir) and a jurist (faqih). Maturidi, who is regarded as one of the leading thinkers in the Islamic world, has significant views regarding the concept of imtihan (trial). In particular, in his work Ta'wilat al-Qur'an, the term imtihan emerges as a concept worthy of explanation. According to him, humans can be tested through everything and in every possible way. God does not need to test His servants, but the testing of the servants is for their own benefit. Imam Maturidi's interpretation of the concept of imtihan, the terms he associates it with, and his unique perspective are the most prominent aspects that distinguish him from other scholars. As a famous commentator, Maturidi focused extensively on this term and allocated it a significant place in his thought system. When analyzing the term imtihan, he focused on its meaning, who is subjected to trials, and what they are tested with. In the thought system of the author of Ta'wilat, this concept is grounded in a unique perspective
Sitoredüktif Cerrahi Sonrası Hipertermik İntraperitoneal Kemoterapi Prosedürü Uygulanan Over Kanserli Hastanın Postoperatif Bakım ve Yönetiminde ERAS Protokolü ve Kanıta Dayalı Uygulamalar
No full textCerrahi sonrası hızlandırılmış iyileşme protokolu?, hastaların uygun şekilde tedavi ve bakımının sağlanabilmesi için hazırlanan çok yönlü kanıta dayalı uygulamaların yer aldığı kılavuzlardır. Bu protokol, over kanseri gibi jinekolojik kanserlerin cerrahisi de dâhil olmak üzere birçok farklı majör cerrahi sonrasındaki yönetim süreçlerine dâhil edilmektedir. Özellikle sitoredüktif cerrahi sonrası hipertermik intraperitoneal kemoterapi gibi komplikasyon riskinin yüksek olduğu işlemlerde postoperatif izlem ve bakım büyük öneme sahiptir. Özellikle, bu işlemin uygulandığı hastalarda, gereksiz nazogastrik tüp uygulamasından kaçınılması, ileusun önlenmesi, multimodal analjezi uygulanması, erken oral alım, kan glikoz değerinin izlemi, trombofilaksi, erken mobilizasyon, bulantı ve kusmanın önlenmesi gibi cerrahi sonrası hızlandırılmış iyileşme protokolü bileşenleri büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, kadın sağlığı hemşirelerinin, sitoredüktif cerrahi sonrası hipertermik intraperitoneal kemoterapi sonrası hastaya bütüncül bakım vermede cerrahi sonrası hızlandırılmış iyileşme protokolünü ve kanıta dayalı uygulamaları hemşirelik bakım ve yönetim süreçlerine dahil edilmesi ve kanıt düzeyi yüksek bilimsel çalışmalar yapması önerilmektedir. Bu derlemede, sitoredüktif cerrahi sonrası hipertermik intraperitoneal kemoterapi prosedürü uygulanan over kanserli hastanın postoperatif dönemde bakım ve yönetiminde cerrahi sonrası hızlandırılmış iyileşme protokolü, kanıta dayalı uygulamalar ile hemşirelerin rol ve sorumluluklarını geleneksel olarak derlemektir
THE INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF SCIENCE EDUCATION PROGRAM-DRAMATIC ACTIVITIES (SEP-DA) ON THE SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS OF 60-72 MONTH OLD CHILDREN
No full text1919B012107923Bu araştırma, 60-72 aylık çocuklara dramatik etkinlikler yoluyla verilen fen eğitiminin bilimsel süreç becerilerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla yarı deneysel desende gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubu, anaokullarına devam eden ve benzer sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik özelliklere sahip 60-72 aylık iki grup çocuktan oluşmaktadır. Çocukların bilimsel süreç becerilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla Şahin ve diğerleri (2018) tarafından geliştirilen Bilimsel Süreç Becerileri Testi kullanılarak ön test, son test ve kalıcılık testi puanları hesaplanmıştır. Deneysel uygulama için 7 hafta ve 14 etkinlik olarak planlanan SEP-DA (Fen Eğitim Programı-Dramatik Etkinlikler) kullanılmıştır. Eğitim programında bilimsel süreç becerileri çocuklara drama teknikleri ile sunulmuştur. Deneysel süreç sonunda deney ve kontrol grubundaki çocukların bilimsel süreç becerileri puanları arasındaki fark anlamlı bulunmuştur. Dramatik etkinlikler aracılığı ile verilen fen eğitim programı deney grubundaki çocukların bilimsel süreç becerileri üzerinde güçlü bir etkiye sahiptir. Kalıcılık testi de bu etkinin uzun süreli olduğunu ortaya koymuşturThis research was conducted in a quasi-experimental design to study the effect of the science education given to 60-72-month-old children through dramatic activities on their science process skills. The study group consisted of two groups of 60-72-month-old children who attend kindergartens and have similar social, cultural and economic characteristics. In order to evaluate the scientific process skills of the children, pre-test, post-test and retention test scores were calculated using the Scientific Process Skills Test developed by Şahin et al. (2018). For the experimental practice, SEP-DA (Science Education Program-Dramatic Activities), which was planned as 7 weeks and 14 activities, was used. In the education program, science process skills were presented to children with drama techniques. At the end of the experimental process, the difference between the scores of scientific process skills of the children in the experimental group and the control group was significant. Science education program-dramatic activities had a strong effect on the science process skills of the children in the experimental group. The retention test also revealed that, it is a long-lasting effect.This work was supported within the scope of TUBITAK 2209 Projec
The Effect of Self-Regulation-Based Teaching on the Development of Pre- Service Teachers' Reading and Writing Skills in English
No full textThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of teaching based on self-regulation strategies on pre-service English language teachers' achievement in the Advanced Reading and Writing I course, use of self-regulation strategies, reading anxiety, attitudes towards reading, writing anxiety, attitudes towards writing, and self-efficacy beliefs. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a paired pretest-posttest control group. Quantitative data were collected by using measurement tools related to pre-service teachers' achievements, levels of self-regulation strategies, anxiety levels, attitudes, and self-efficacy beliefs before and after the application. According to the findings obtained as a result of the analysis, the achievement scores of the experimental group pre-service teachers are higher than those of the control group. In addition, it was observed that the experimental group pre-service teachers incorporated several self-regulation strategies into their learning process. In the measurement of pre-service teachers' reading and writing anxieties, it was determined that the experimental group pre-service teachers' anxiety levels were higher. It was figured that both groups had high self-efficacy perceptions and showed significant attitudes toward reading and writing skills
Improved form stability, thermal storage capacity and thermal conductivity of polyurethane based waste sponge carbon/expanded graphite/organic phase change materials coated by Ag nanoparticles
No full textOrganic solid-liquid phase change materials (PCMs) with high thermal energy storage (TES) capacity and nearly constant phase change temperature suffer from leakage issue and low thermal conductivity(TC). In this scope, this study is aimed to evaluate polyurethane based waste sponge carbon (PUWSC) as an effective carrier matrix for shape-stabilizing three kinds of organic PCMs ((lauric acid(LA), lauryl alcohol(LAl) and methyl palmitate (MP)) to prevent leakage issue which restrict their usage in practical TES requirements. The TC values of the shape-stable PUWSC/LA, PUWSC/LAl and PUWSC/MP composite PCMs were significantly increased through adding expanded graphite (EG) and electroless coating of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). All the characterization, thermal and energy storage properties of the PUWSC/PCM and PUWSC/EG/PCM@Ag composites created as shape-stable PCMs (SSPCMs) have been systematically investigated. The PUWSC/PCM composites had melting temperature range of 20-40 degrees C and 72-94 J/g while the PUWSC/EG/PCM@Ag composites showed melting heat storage capacity of 92-120 J/g. The EG and Ag nanoparticle contents of the SSPCMs postponed the degradation temperature of pure PCMs, LA, LAl and MP as about 6-50 degrees C. The changes in the enthalpy capacities were determined within around 2-4 % after 1000 cycles compared to pure PCMs. With both EG addition and Ag coating, the enhancement ratio in TCs of the SSPCMs were reached about 217-222 % compared with pure PCMs. In addition, the boosting trend in TC was verified by comparatively monitoring the variation in the surface temperature of the SSPCMs using thermal camera imaging. Relatively high PCM loading, energy storage capacity, thermal conductivity, thermal stability and thermal reliability make the produced SSPCMs as promising materials for TES practices at temperature interval of 20-40 degrees C.Scientific Research Fund of Karadeniz Technical University [FAY-2022-10532]; Beijing Natural Science Foundation [L245004]; West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science and Foundation of China [52474445]; Guangzhou Science and Technology Project [2023A04J0952, 2024B01J1407]; Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials [2023GBM06]This research was jointly funded by Scientific Research Fund of Karadeniz Technical University (Project No: FAY-2022-10532) , Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. L245004) , the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Natural Science and Foundation of China (52474445) , the Guangzhou Science and Technology Project (No. 2023A04J0952, 2024B01J1407) , the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials (2023GBM06)
Effects of Wound Localisation on Balance, Performance, Muscle Strength, and Gait Speed in Individuals with Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textMuscle strength, balance, performance, and gait speed of individuals diagnosed with diabetic foot wound are negatively affected. This study aimed to investigate the effects of wound localisation on balance, performance, muscle strength, and gait speed in individuals with diabetic foot wounds. Individuals (n = 48) with a mean age of 59.35 +/- 11.28 years and were divided into two groups according to wound localisation as group 1 (n = 24) with forefoot wounds and group 2 (n = 24) with hindfoot wounds. Four Step Square Test was used for dynamic balance assessment, Timed Up and Go Test for performance, Manual Muscle Tests for muscle strength, and 10 Meter Walk Test for gait speed assessment. When compared in terms of muscle strength, there was a difference only between the injured side Gluteus Medius (p = 0.02), Gastrosoleus (p = 0.00), and Tibialis Anterior (p = 0.03) muscles. Other muscle groups strength, balance, performance, and gait speed were similar (p > 0.05). Loss of muscle strength can lead to serious negative consequences such as deformity and new wound formation if not intervened in time. The effects on balance and performance are similar in different wound localizations
Fire resistance of Scots pine modified with sorbitol, citric acid and fire retardants
No full textSorbitol-citric acid (SorCA) modification is an eco-friendly wood treatment that demonstrates promising potential for enhancing dimensional stability and decay resistance of wood material. To improve the fire resistance property of SorCA (1:2; 30%) modified wood, fire retardants (FRs) such as diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) and potassium carbonate (PC) were incorporated into the modification system at a rate of 10% and 15%, respectively. Scots pine wood modified with the combination of SorCA and FRs was subjected to mass loss calorimeter test to evaluate its flame retardancy. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out for determining the thermal behaviour of modified wood at elevated temperatures. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify the chemical bonds in the modified wood. The FTIR spectrum indicated an intensity enhancement at 1716 cm- 1, resulting from the bonding with the cell wall or between the reagents. TGA analysis showed that the addition of DAP and PC to the SorCA system enhanced the thermal stability, yielding higher residual mass compared to SorCA alone and the untreated reference. The mass loss calorimeter revealed that SorCA with DAP 15% significantly improved flame retardancy, lowering the peak heat release rate by 65% and total heat release within 600 s by 82% compared to untreated wood. The combination of SorCA with DAP and PC contributed to the char formation and showed potential flame retardancy for modified Scots pine wood.COST Action [CA20139]Hueseyin Sivrikaya gratefully acknowledges the COST Action CA20139 for providing an STSM grant to support this research