SUST Journal Systems (Sudan Univ. of Science and Technology)
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Water Harvesting of the area North of Khartoum Bahri
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to solve the problem of rain water of the area north of the Khartoum Bahri and protect the Villages from the floods, and conduct a comprehensive hydrological study of the water basins passing through that area. The methods used in this study were to collect data from different sources such as Digital Elevation Maps, Urban development maps, Rainfall data. In addition to hydrological, hydro geological studies and survey works. These data were analyzed using hydraulics equations and probability distribution functionsf(x). From the results the basins catchment drainage has been identified and planned based on hydrology, geological and topography of the area and it was found that the basins that produce the torrents, mostly located north east of the catchment, the area of these catchment is 11.5 km 2. The maximum out flow for catchment is about 138 m3/s in the central of catchment area, and is considered the best selected area for the construction of water harvesting technique. Normal distribution has been found to be the best fitted distribution for the representation of the annual rainfall in study area. Conclusion and recommendation drawn from this study is to Construct embankment or dike to prevent the water passing in the north-east direction of the study are
Review on Image Guided Surgery Systems
Get PDFNowadays modern imaging techniques can grant an excellent quality 3D images that clearly show the anatomy, vascularity, pathology and active functions of the tissues. The ability to register these preoperative images to each other, to offer a comprehensive information, and later the ability to register the image space to the patient space intraoperatively is the core for the image guided surgery systems (IGS). Other main elements of the system include the process of tracking the surgical tools intraoperatively by reflecting their positions within the 3D image model. In some occasions an intraoperative image may be acquired and registered to the preoperative images to make sure the 3D model used to guide the operation describes the actual situation at surgery time. This survey overviews the history of IGS and discusses the modern system components for a reliable application and gives information about the different applications in medical specialties that benefited from the use of IGS
A Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Based System for Decision Support to Minimize Financial Default in the Sudanese Banking Sector
Get PDFThe recent global financial-economic crisis has led to the collapse of several companies from all over the world. This has created the need for powerful frameworks which can predict and reduce the potential risks in financial applications. Such frameworks help organizations to enhance their services quality and productivity as well as reducing the financial risk. The widely used techniques to build predictive models in the financial sector are based on statistical regression, which is deployed in many financial applications such as risk forecasting, customers’ loan default and fraud detection. However, in the last few years, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques has increased in many financial institutions because they can provide powerful predictive models. However, the vast majority of the existing AI techniques employ black box models like Support Vector Machine (SVMs) and Neural Network (NNs) which are not able to give clear and transparent reasoning to explain the extracted decision. However, nowadays transparent reasoning models are highly needed for financial applications. This paper presents a type-2 fuzzy logic system for predicting default in financial systems. the researchers used a real dataset collected from the banking sector in Sudan. The proposed system resulted in transparent outputs which could be easily understood, analyzed and augmented by the human stakeholders. Besides, the proposed system resulted in an average recall of 83.5%, which outperformed its type-1 counterpart by 20.66%
مقارنه بين كفاءة الخلية الحيوية والحماة المنشطة فى معالجة مياه الصرف الصحى
No full textتػ إختيار محطتي غابة الدشط والأداار الاام لمخجما الطيي لغخض ماالجة ميا الرخف الرحي بشعام
الأغذية الحيؽية والحساة الشذطة وتػ ترسيػ نسؽذج مرغخ مؼ نعام الساالجة بشعام الحساة الشذطة لغخض الساالجة والسقارنة
بيؼ الشعاميؼ تػ فحص عيشا مؼ السيا قيل وباج الساالجة فى ثلاثة أنعس وذلغ في مختيخ السيا وج ؽداة الغحاء والييئ وتػ
تحميل الايشا مؼ ميا الرخف الرحي بسحطة غابة الدشط قيل وباج الساالجة إضافة إلى وصف نعام الساالجة الستيع
أظهخ الج ا رسة أن نتائج قيػ كسية الأكدجيؼ السستص حيؽيا BOD وكسية الأوكدجيؼ السستص كيسيائيا COD في السيا
- الجاخمة والخارجة كالآتي 025 2.62.6 - 01 0055 ، mg 43922% ، لكل لتخعمى التؽالي وكانت كفاءة الساالج % 4490
عمى التؽالى وفى محطة الأداار الاام لمخجما الطيي BOD ، COD - ،01 في السيا الجاخمة والخارجة كالآتي 250
- 002 0235 mg 40920 عمى التؽالى وفى الترسيػ % ، لكل لتخ عمى التؽالي وكانت كفاءة الساالج % 42904
الذيي لشعام الساالجة بالحساة السشذطة باج الداعة ال ا خباة كافزل نتيجة فى مخحمة الساالجة الاولى BOD ، COD في السيا
- - 61 25،025 الجاخمة والخارجة كالآتي 35 mg 10912 عمى التؽالى % ، لكل لتخعمى التؽالي وكانت كفاءة الساالج % 20
وفى السخحمة الثانية مؼ الساالجة BOD ، COD - - 40 205 ، 10 في السيا الجاخمة والخارجة كالآتي 055 mg لكل
12 عمى التؽالى 9 تست مقارنة الشتائج الستحرل عميها مع السااييخ القياسية % ، لتخعمى التؽالي وكانت كفأة الساالج % 00
حيث وجج أن نتائج الأختيا ا ر بازها يقع دااخل الحج السدسؽح ب وبازها خارج وكانت تقشية الساالجة بأستخجام الأغذية
ألحيؽية هي الافزل ثػ الترسيػ ثػ الحسأة السشذطة فى الأداار الاام لمخجما الطيي مؼ حيث الكفاءة والساالجة
Industrial Building Systems (IBS) as an Alternative Approach for Housing the Poor in Sudan
Get PDFHousing for the poor is one of the foremost troubling issues for governments, since independence, the government of Sudan has pledged to undertake to unravel the housing problem for low-income people, but the growing demand populations far exceed what's on the table to unravel this problem. The research aims this is to review the potential of an industrialized building system (IBS) for low-cost housing provision in Sudan. the current conventional construction system (CBS) that used for this sort of building is linked to several problems: inefficiency, slow delivery rate, poor quality standards but at an equivalent time helps create many roles like doesn’t depend on skilled labor and elegance flexibility. due to its capacity to line up group projects faster than CBS can, the industrialized building system is usually used to meet the urgent need for housing for the displaced because of its ability to equip collective projects quickly and in high quality, the best example of which was used extensively after the Second war in many European countries affected during the war. Although IBS could even be a replacement system in Sudan, it's expected to spread rapidly, with appropriate material value and high quality to satisfy the requirements of the end-user. For more efficient, a system is usually developed that mixes the characteristics of the conventional and industrial systems to unravel the housing problem for the poor in Sudan. The research results are helped the government to spot the possibility of industrial buildings as an appropriate solution to the housing problem in Sudan. Also help the government on the power of industrial buildings as an efficient solution for the housing problem in Sudan, particularly low-income housing. The aims of the research to support government initiatives to affect the poor in Sudan. It is largely debatable due to its importance, and importance to government-supported housing objectives and thus the particular impacts of the initiative and its performance for low-income housing in Sudan
Numerical Analyses of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow in a Corrugated Duct
Get PDFSteady laminar two-dimensional and forced convection in a corrugated duct with different configurations and flow conditions were investigated numerically. The full Naiver-Stokes and energy equation were considered. These equations have been solved using the finite element method. Flow-fields were obtained for various flow conditions. The flow patterns and reattachment indicate a firm agreement with those in the literature. It has been noticed that the maximum value of the local Nusselt number occurs near the reattachment point. The 45-to-50-degree corrugation angle provides the heights Nusselt number by 1 to 2 percent and the lowest pressure drop compared to larger or smaller angles. The influence of the Prandtl number on the thermal performance was considered, as the Prandtl number increases the average Nusselt number grows. The enhancing performance of heat transfer rate is more effective for P
The Key Performance Indicator for Five Construction Projects in Khartoum State: Case Study
No full textPerformance measurement is continuous observing and period follow-up of the project achievements which achieved by the specified cost, time, quality and specifications required to satisfy the owner and customer., this study aimed to identify the performance measurement indicators that affect the project and verify that, the means of follow-up and monitoring are used probably to transfer resources to the project system. To verify that, we based on the criteria and equations of the indicator’s measurement according to the methodology of (KPI GROUP 2000). It was applied to five housing projects in Khartoum State., then application of standards and equations are applied and the results were analyzed which indicated that the reasons of unsatisfactory results are due to the absence of follow-up and monitoring means, interpreted in exchange rate and insufficient planning and scheduling. In order to verify the company's experience with these concepts and how to calculate the completion rates, a field survey was conducted as a second part, then a questionnaire distributed to several companies’ sector in Khartoum State. So, the descriptive analytical method which is based on the study of reality and phenomenon was used and implemented to the targeted sample study in a company which included the project manager or planning manager according to their scientific degrees, then data was analyzed using the statistical analysis program( package 2019), so most important results were appeared which represented in the absence of advanced means of monitoring and lack of knowledge of the concept or application of performance measurement indicators
Sustainable Energy Potential in Sudan
Get PDFSudan is in the midst of energy transition after it lost its oil-rich south in a referendum in 2011. The country also intends to contribute in combating climate change affects. It is a challenging task for a country like Sudan since its primitive non-environmentally friendly energy practices have and continue to be the country’s largest energy source. The country realized the importance of renewable energies in helping with this transition and set goals. There are many types of Renewable which provide clean environmental-friendly energies. These range from biomass (bioenergy), hydropower, solar, wind energies and more others. With a country like The Sudan that has vast areas of fertile land, abundance of minerals, water, winds and sunshine, many types of these energies become a valid option. This paper reviews all the comprehensive compilation of data related to potential, current status and the challenges on critical parameters for all the important sectors of the Sudanese renewable energy industry
The Potential of Establishing Technology Computer Aided Design Industry: Africa - Sudan As a Case-Study
Get PDFVery-Large-Scale-Integration (VLSI) Integrated-Circuit (IC) designs have steadily grown in their capacity and complexity through the years. The need for technology simulations using technology computer-aided-design (TCAD) tools have become an essential part of design success. The TCAD simulations facilitate process optimization, highlight device performance tradeoffs, enable worst case analysis, and reveal device defects and weakness. Microelectronics higher education in African universities focuses mainly on the chip/circuit design instruction. Virtually little or no emphasis is applied to grow students TCAD simulation skills. This paper discusses the potential of African educational institutes of becoming the supplier of qualified TCAD simulation engineers for future African IC industry and/or worldwide VLSI job market. The African universities are encouraged to emphasize on establishing frameworks that would include TCAD simulation research and development into their curriculums and motivate students to venture the VLSI design and automation fields. This would enable African graduates to exploit the microelectronics job market worldwide and establish TCAD industries within Africa to industrialize African job market
Gas Lift Optimization for a Sudanese Field
Get PDFGas lift is mainly used to decrease bottom hole flowing pressure resulting from fluid hydrostatic pressure and rapid decrement in reservoir pressure. Available gas amount and compressors capacity are the main limitations to this method, thus optimization in each well is the key for the highest recovery. In this study the problem of allocating limited gas to wells network was addressed, the under-study field suffers from production deferment due to gas injection instability which is 40% of the total field production. A commercial multiphase simulator was used to model the field wells and coupled with the nonlinear weighted incremental gradient equations and simulated several scenarios for gas injection limitation for the total network. the multiphase flow correlations were considered, Begs and Brill was found to be the most accurate correlation for this field. The optimization resulted in several changes in the lift gas for each well; total injection rate incrimination was not affecting the overall oil production rate. Optimum gas injection rate is 7 MMscf\D which is 1 MMscf\D less than the current situation and the oil rate is 8% increased. Some wells cannot benefit from the optimization due to their high water cut and low reservoir pressure. Finally, the economic analysis showed that the 7 MMscf\D optimized injection rate is suitable for this field with 12% income in a daily rate