SUST Journal Systems (Sudan Univ. of Science and Technology)
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Efficiency Increase and Fuel Save Benefits of Combined Cycle Operation (Garri Power Plant as a Case Study)
Get PDFThermal power plants’ overall efficiency increase, and fuel consumption decrease draw worldwide researcher’s attention due to the limited resources and high cost of fossil fuel. Considering Al-Jaily power plant, the so-called Garri power plants 1 and 2 in Sudan as the case study, this paper compares overall plant efficiency and fuel save with the combined cycle and open cycle operation in which both plants could run. Evaluation of plant’s efficiency is based on the first law of thermodynamics. The results reveal advantage of the combined cycle operation mode in terms of efficiency increase, and on the other hand, in terms of fuel consumption decrease with the same amount of energy produced
Investigation on Reasons of Delay on Construction Projects in Khartoum State
No full textThe purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the reasons of construction project delays in Khartoum State, Sudan, as well as the negative consequences of these delays and how to mitigate them. A questionnaire with 96 companies active in the construction industry was created for this objective the SPSS application was used to examine the data. The analysis concluded that the most significant causes of delay were contractors' financial difficulties, suppliers' or subcontractors' late payments, poor site management and supervision. The most serious consequences of the delay were time and expense overruns. Competent project managers, awarding bids to the right/experienced consultant and contractor, and proper project planning and scheduling were found to be the most effective methods for reducing construction delays. The paper offered multiple recommendations and solutions that serve as a guide for the project's various partners in order to ensure successful project management
Applying ArcGIS ModelBuilder to Determination the Suitable Sites for Establishing Basic Schools (Case Study: Eastern Unit - Port Sudan City)
Get PDFGeographic Information Systems (GIS) play an effective role in societal development, including supporting and developing the educational process with essential capabilities characterized by effectiveness, speed, and ease, which help support decision-making. The educational sector in the Eastern Unit - Port Sudan City suffers from randomness and poverty of equitable spatial distribution, therefore, this study was carried out to determine the appropriate sites for establishing new basic schools according to the recommended criteria, consequently, a model was created using model-builder tools and the spatial analyst tools were taken advantage in GIS. The criteria used in the study were obtained from the General Administration of Planning - Ministry of Urban Planning - State of Khartoum - Sudan and a satellite image of the study area was acquired and stratified into several layers that meet the objective and a lot of work was done in the ArcGIS 10.3 program until the best sites were found, and the final best site for a new basic school was determined from them. This shows the effectiveness of the program used in accurately determining the best sites according to international and local standards, which are difficult to access without the help of ArcGIS ModelBuilder, and thus benefit from it in serving the community by equitable distribution of basic schools and the possibility of all students to enroll in them
Predictive analytics of Churn Customers Calling Details Records using Classification by Clustering (CBC) dealing with Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms
Get PDFTelecom companies generate enormous amounts of data regularly. The telecom Decision makers that obtaining new customers is more challenging than sustaining existing ones. Furthermore, data from existing churn customers may be utilized to detect churn clients and their patterns of behavior. This research develops a model of churn prediction for the telecommunication business, which uses NB, SVM, DT, and RDF to detect churn clients. The proposed model churns customers' data using classification techniques, with the Random Forest (RDF) method performing well (95.94 % correctly categorized instances), the Decision Tree (DTs) providing classification accuracy (95.40 %), the Naïve Bayes (NB) provided classification accuracy (89.58 %), and the Support Vector Machine (SVMs) provided classification accuracy (71.08 %). The four different classification algorithms' predictions and observations are compared, with a percentage of 71 percent equality and 29 percent variation
Study of Influencing Factors on The Site Productivity of Construction Projects in Khartoum State
Get PDFOur current era is an age of competition and development in various fields, the most important of which is the field of industries, which is one of the important criteria for measuring the development of any society, there are many types of industries including the construction industry. The construction process is a creative process that uses six main sources and creates a unique origin. These elements are materials, machinery, labor, engineering technology, finance, and, construction management, despite the important role of construction projects in our country, they are exposed during various stages to several problems in order to achievetheirs objectives, the most important of which is low on the site productivity in construction projects There are certainly reasons for the decline, and it also has risks and negative effects on the feasibility of the project. This research aims to study the factors affecting on the site productivity of construction projects in Khartoum State by focusing on the concept of productivity and its importance and methods of measurement, as well as the most important factors affecting them, in order to achieve this goal, it was necessary to adopt a special approach, where was designed questionnaire and interviews to examine these factors plaguing the construction sites, the results of the questionnaire showed that the percentage of establishments operating in the construction industry that train workers represents 30%, and that establishments operating in the construction industry that do not have a specific methodology for training workers are estimated at 60%, and the results of the analysis showed that the most important factors affecting on-site productivity related with workers in construction sites, such as the physical and moral incentives, the use of Modern technology, lack of training institutions for employees and the application of quality system. Based on these results, the proposed solutions were developed to improve the current situation, the need to develop human resources and create an appropriate work environment and review wage formats and methods of motivation and the use of modern technologies
The Impact of Architectural Design on the Thermal Performance of Low-Income Housing in a Hot and Dry Climate
No full textOne of the concerns of an architect must be to overcome the harsh climatic conditions and turn them into internal needs suitable for life and work without entailing unjustified costs in cooling the building. One of the most important objectives of the study is to know the building design impact on the natural cooling process of low-income housing to create a thermally comfortable indoor environment in the region of a hot, dry climate. Khartoum city was chosen as a study area, because of the spread of such buildings in it, and the climatic conditions were chosen during the 8-10 days of May 1998. As the highest days on which temperatures have been recorded. The thermal analogy was performed using the computer program HTB2 (is an international computer software specialized in simulating the thermal performance of buildings and studies related to energy consumption in them, and also works to provide scientists, programmers, researchers, and designers with flexible means of detailing the study of how the building works with heat and energy in the short term) for a simple residential building that is widespread among low-income people, the thermal simulation is performed for the selected design before and after the manipulation of the locations of some internal functional spaces aiming to deduce the effect of changing the design on the temperature. The study's findings indicated that linear design arrangement leads to poor internal thermal performance, compared with the staggered arrangement when build forms shade each other. Also, the path-way (corridor) is good for continuous air movement and ventilation but leads to the poor thermal performance of internal space
Rainfall Study Using Geographic Information Systems
No full textRainfall has many effects, including, for example, but not limited to, its impact on agriculture, where many countries depend their economy on agriculture, and therefore the amount of rainwater and its management play a direct role in the economy. Also, the lack of study and effective management of rainfall by competent authorities leads to a lot of human and material disasters. This paper was conducted to study rainfall using Geographical information systems (GIS) technology and thus enable effective management and prediction of the rainfall amount. Rainfall data were obtained for 41 years from 1981 to 2021 for 18 stations in the Republic of Sudan, and then within the ArcGIS 10.8 program, the stations were created and the study was conducted on them using the geostatistical analyst toolbar. A histogram was obtained that shows the frequency of values and detailed information about them. Also, a trend analysis was conducted and it became clear that the rainfall increases the more we head south and east. Rainfall prediction maps were generated using the inverse distance weighting, local polynomial interpolation, and kriging method. Finally, a detailed study was conducted on the Khartoum station by creating a graph that shows the variation in rainfall over the 12 months for the 41-year
Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics and its effect on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber/polyphenylene sulfide composites
No full textThe degree of crystallization of semi-crystalline thermoplastics is an important factor in determining the final properties of the structure of composite materials. This article studied the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of carbon fiber (CF) reinforced polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) composites by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with various cooling rates from 10 k/min to 70 k/min. The MoZhiShen method was applied to the analysis of the nonisothermal crystallization of the composites. Moreover, the effects of the crystallization behavior of CF/PPS composites on their mechanical properties were also investigated. It was found that the MoZhiShen method can effectively be applied to study the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of CF/PPS composites. The result indicated that the crystallization peak gradually became strengthened in intensity, and crystallization decreased with increasing the cooling rate. Moreover, the increase in the cooling rate during composite fabrication was found to decrease the flexural properties of the composite, but the energy absorption and the impact strength were significantly increased by 15.1%
A Geographical Database for the College of Technology in Sudan University of Science and Technology using (GIS)
Get PDFThis paper aims to create a geographical database for the Sudan University of Science and Technology, College of Technology, by means of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), by using the ArcGIS program, to be used in analysis, planning, inquiry, and decision-making support. A paper map of the study area was obtained and scanned, and a digital map was obtained. Field measurements were taken for some features that are not on the paper map, and then included in the digital map. The main college features have been covered in order to be classified into layers. All data given by the features were collected. And some images of these features were also obtained. Resultant data has been included in ArcMap 10.3 and many analyzes were done on it. The paper concluded that possibility of creating a geographical database with its own attributes data, hence clarify importance of using the database in academic institutions for planning and decision-making support
Redesign of Light Aircraft (Zagil) Wing
No full text- ZAGIL is a light UAV flies with 0.6 Mach number and maximum working altitude of 8 km. It has a wingspan of 2.38 m. The original design of the UAV wing has structural problem from an aeroelasticity point of view. This problem represented in a highly stressed semi-monocoque structure of the wing that contains the skin, ribs, spar and trailing edge at operating condition Mach number of 0.6 and angle of attack 10 degrees. The paper studied this phenomenon which considered as a main structural problem in the original wing of ZAGIL UAV by enhancing computational software, theoretical approach and experimental test. The redesign solution for the wing is approved to satisfy the working operating condition for the UAV. In wing redesign, the skin is compacted with the leading edge, trailing edge and spar using the extrusion technology to manufacture the wing without rips. The CFD simulation is used to compare the aerodynamic results, while an experimental test result is used to validate the structural result which both obtained by finite element modeling and post processing FEMAP software. The results represent that the redesigned wing structure is stiffer than the original wing by 51% and less stressed by 19% in the wing root attachment zone