SUST Journal Systems (Sudan Univ. of Science and Technology)
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للإحتیاجات المائیة للذرة الصفراء Cropwat د ا رسة محاكاة النموذج الریاضي 8 وفق مستویات و طرق ري مختلفة في شمال سوریة [Zea mays L.].
No full textThe irrigation water management in an era of water scarcity must be applied more
efficiently and effectively in order to save water and get to a higher production of the crop. Cropwat
8: mathematical model developed and produced by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
It aims to help decision-makers in development of water plans by computing the crop requirement
water and irrigation needs. In 2014 was the introduction of the data to the model mentioned above
and for six seasons maize under selected irrigation treatments irrigation methods (developed
surface, spray, drip), and. The implementation of four agricultural seasons in Srbaya Research
Station (2004-2007), and two seasons in Tel Hadya Research Station (2007 and 2008), followed to
Aleppo Research Center. In order to test the extent of this simulation program for the results
obtained from the field experiments. The results showed between Cropwat 8 simulation program
and the reality field results for 100% and 85% irrigation treatments that the model has a weak
sensitivity. Also it showed there was no shortage of production of grain yields in spite of its
presence in the reality of the experience. The deficit irrigation treatments, cropwat 8 improved the
performance, and improved performance in its response to the shortage of grain yield.
The resultsshowed that programmay be more insensitivefor full irrigation onmaize,and may be
improveits performancewell withlow wateraddedquantity.There are many studies to agreement this
results,It is possiblethat this programhelpsconcernedto augurynecessaryplansfor
futurewaterrequirements
Shrinkage of Plastic Raw Materials (A Comparative Study of Mould)
Get PDFIn plastic engineering, the mould design is considered a complex process or an art, due to
the polymers used their differences and changes in properties, as well as other factors like shrinkage of
the materials. An Important point in mould design considerations is to use real and actual values of
shrinkage in the early stages of design to avoid any design errors and produce an economic template.
Some containers produced locally leaks the liquids, which causes inconveniences for the users. This
problem is attributed to unspecified data of raw material shrinkage. In this work, five samples made of
polypropylene PP113 bought from the local market (Khartoum petrochemical company), and another five
samples made of low-density polyethylene (LDPE), produced by SABIC of Saudi Arabia were moulded
using ISO 294 test mould of dimension 60x60x2mm. The shrinkage for the test samples was measured
according to test specifications. The averages shrinkage for samples made of PP113 was found to be 1.88,
and that for LDPE was found to be 0.84. The experimental results were compared to a simulation results
obtained using Visi-12.2, and MoldFlow-Mpi Ver. 5.1 software, which often used for studying and
analyzing the behavior of plastic materials in moulds cavities. For Visi-12.2 software, the longitudinal
shrinkage was found to amount of 1.25, for PP113 material, and 2.50 for LDPE material. For MoldFlow-
Mpi Ver. 5.1 software, the longitudinal shrinkage was found to be 1.003 for PP113 material, and 2.21 for
LDPE material. The study concluded that, there is a notable difference between the values of shrinkage
obtained practically and that built in the software’s libraries, and thus for precision parts practical
shrinkage tests are inevitable
واقع صناعة البرمجيات في السودان: دراسة وصفيه تحليلية
No full textفي أربعينيات القرن الماضي توصل Von Neumann لمفهوم الفصل بين العتاد
اولب ا رمج ) Stored Program Concept (. هذا
المفهوم كان له تأثي ا رً كبي ا رً في انطلاق علوم
الحاسوب وتخصصاته المختلفة كعلوم قائمة بذاتها
لا يحتاج المتخصص فيها لمعرفة وثيقة وعميقة
بهندسة الحاسوب، فانداحت وانطلقت علوم الحاسوب
أوصبحت ذات تأثير مذهل في جميع مناحي الحياة.
بدأت علوم الحاسوب بالعلوم الخاصة بترجمة
الخوارزميات المكتوبة بلغات أقرب لفهم الانسان الى
لغة الآلة ومن ذلك علم المترجمات وعلوم لغات
البرمجة، ثم تعددت بعد ذلك لتصل لكل التطبيقات
تقريب اً.
بدا واضحاً في أواخر الخمسينيات وبداية الستينيات
أن تصميم وكتابة وتشغيل التطبيقات المحوسبة لم
يعد كتابة خوارزمية وتحويلها لبرنامج بلغة الآلة،
اونما هو عملية أكبر أوعقد من ذلك، لهذا بدأ أهل
الحاسوب في الاستفادة من المعارف الموجودة في
علوم مثل علم الأنظمة والم ؤسسات اودارة المشاريع
لتصميم منهجيات لبناء النظم المحوسبة، هكذا ظهر
مجال هندسة البرمجيات كتخصص قائم بذاته في
علوم الحاسوب. وفي سنة 1968 عقد الناتو
NATO أول مؤتمر لمجال هندسة البرمجيات ومنذ
ذلك الحين توسع هذا التخصص اوليوم تعقد مئات
المؤتم ا رت لهذا التخصص وفروعه في العام الواحد.
حظي مجال هندسة البرمجيات بالاهتمام
المطلوب في الجامعات ومؤسسات التعليم العالي
السودانية حيث يوجد الآن عدد كبير من ب ا رمج
البكالوريوس اولماجستير في هذه المؤسسات. ومع
هذا الاهتمام نجد نقصاً كبي ا ر في المؤلفات السودانية؛
فالمؤلفات السودانية في مجال هندسة البرمجيات التي
تتناول الواقع المحلي تكاد تكون معدومة، لهذا أحسب
أن المجهود الذي قام بها المؤلفان في إخ ا رج الورقة
) وهي في حجم كتاب( التي بين أيدينا مجهوداً متمي ا زً
وسبَّاق اً.
صمم المؤلفان استبانة بها ثمانية محاور، كما أخذا
أ رى عدد كبير من المتخصصين ) 101 متخصص اً(،
وشملت محاور الاستبانة معظم المواضيع ذات
الاهمية المعاصرة. وهنالك مجهو د م قد ر في تحويل
بيانات الاستبانة لجداول أوشكال تلخص النتائج
اولمعلومات المستخلصة وتساعد في المقارنة
اولتحليل. بالإضافة للمعلومات الجيدة اولمفيدة ت عد
هذه الورقة مصد ر لمواضيع بحثية لطلاب الد ا رسات
العليا، فعلى سبيل المثال لا الحصر معظم
التناقضات المشار إليها في النقطة السادسة في فقرة
الاستنتاجات بها مواضيع يمكن معالجتها في بحث
ماجستير كامل أو تكميلي وقد يرقى بعضها للتناول
في بحث الدكتو ا ره.
هذه بداية اولمطلوب الآن أن يتواصل هذا الجهد
بتوسع أكبر في هذا الموضوع الهام، فكثير من
المواضيع التي تم تناولها في هذه الورقة بشيء من
التجريد وبدون ذكر أمثلة تفصيلية من الواقع ينبغي
أن ت فصَّل وت بحَث بعمق. كما أرجو أن يسعى
الباحثان لإخ ا رج الورقة في صورة كتاب ت ذكر فيه
بعض الأمثلة بشيء من التفصيل حتى يستفيد منه
الطلاب على مختلف المستويات
Indirect Field Oriented Control of Induction Motor Drive Using Fuzzy Controller
Get PDFThis paper presents the theory, design and simulation of a fuzzy logic based controller used for an indirect field oriented controlled three phase induction motor (IM). Field Oriented Control (FOC) theory is the base of special control method for induction motor drives. With this theory induction motors can be controlled like a separately excited dc motor. This method enables the control of field and torque of induction machine independently by manipulating the corresponding oriented quantities. Induction motor is modeled in synchronous reference frame in term of dq form. Three speed control techniques, Direct, Scalar and conventional PD are used to compare the performance of the control system with fuzzy logic controller. The models are carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the Indirect Field Oriented Control (IFOC) technique with fuzzy logic controller is better, especially with dynamic disturbances than that for other three types of control
Organization Culture Impact on Sudanese Construction Project performance
Get PDFTraditionally, construction industry is attributed of being fragmented, risky, fluctuated,
complex, associated with antagonism, blame culture, short term mentality and poor communication. All
enthroned as poor performance. Sudanese construction industry is believed to exhibit no exception of that.
Sudanese construction industry is an industry that operates in an economically, politically and socially
turbulent developing country environment. Organizational culture, as a mean of internal integration and
external adoption, is deemed by many scholars and professionals to be one of the main theoretical levers
for organizational performance enhancement. Thus, it is essential to articulate how organizational culture
can enhance construction project performance in Sudanese context. This research study sought to tackle
the identified research gap in the literature concerning the empirical linkage between organizational
culture and the construction project performance in Sudanese context. Descriptive quantitative research
methodology was adopted in the study; quantitative/statistical methods were exercised to capture the
proposed empirical link. Self-administrated survey (questionnaire) was the main tool used to collect
required data. SPSS version (21) software was used to analyze the data. The key finding of the study
was: Organizational cultures selected dimensions (people and leadership, processes and systems,
information management and business focus) of Sudanese construction industry projects are significantly
correlated with organizational outcomes (performance). This research concluded that there is a proven
empirical relationship between organization culture and construction project performance in Sudanese
context. Furthermore, generated models provide practical implications and an aiding tool for projects
managers/stakeholders to improve desired practices in order to enhance project performance
Petroleum Hydrocarbons Pollution o n the Sudanese Red Sea Coastal Water
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to determine the extent of petroleum hydrocarbons
pollution on the Sudanese Red Sea coast (Portsudan harbor and Bashayer Marine Terminal
(BMT)), to achieve this goal laboratory work was conducted to determine hydrocarbons
concentration. The highest concentration of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) in seawater
was found at strip I (dockyard) with the average of 80.2 mg/l, the next to the highest
concentration was generally occurred at strip IV (BMT), the ranges of concentrations were
between 5.8 and 24.2 mg/l with mean value of 14.98 mg/l. Values of oil concentration at strip II
(South port) are much lower than those of strip I (6.8 to 10 mg/l). Higher concentrations, ranging
from nil to1320 mg/kg were detected in the sediment samples. It can be concluded on this basis
that most of the Portsudan harbor and BMT suffers from oil pollution in different degrees
according to UNEP and AIDMO. No oil contamination was observed at strip III (North port).
The GC measurements proved those hydrocarbons contaminations were due to biologic and
petrogenic origins, most oil samples light and middle fractions
A Simplified P-Delta Second Order Numerical Analysis of High Rise Buildings: Formulation and Validation
Get PDFIn this paper, a simplified numerical method of global and local second order P-Delta 2D and 3D analysis of tall buildings subjected to vertical and horizontal loads is presented. The method was based on developing the moment transformation (MT) and the moment-force transformation (MFT) methods those are formulated using the moment distribution methods and have been successfully used in linear analysis of tall buildings neglecting and/or taking into account axial deformation in vertical members. The method was developed to include second order effects, by coupling the axial force and the bending moments in each of the vertical members with large lateral displacements at floor levels. Validity of the method was established by comparing the results of two 2D and 3D problems with those resulted from a reliable finite element approach. The comparisons show that, the results are in good agreement thus verifying the accuracy of the proposed metho
Control of Industrial Robot via GSM Networks
Get PDFControlling devices is one of the important fields in modern industrial control
systems where robots do dangerous, precise and even boring work The study of embedded systems
has the main role and contribution in making such control convenient, since it acquire measures,
process readings and control of actuators. In this paper, the solution suggested is to realize control
using three modes, as well as approaching the problem without using PC for processing of
measurement and control signals. It aims also to overcome the limitation of the peripherals of AVR
Atmega32 microcontrollers that can control only two servo motors. This limit has been overcome
by utilizing SPI interface ports of microcontrollers. Results obtained are excellent and efficient
performance achieved. However, there are some findings like rounds-up of some values that led to
loose of few fractions in the position of motor due to shift in the instant of sending signal to the
slave micro. A solution has been proposed, which was to send the value in two cycles. Another
issue is how to put together the three modes in one program, which were not possible because of the
blocking statement in the GSM mode
A Data Oriented Approach to Assess the Accuracy of a Protein Secondary Structure Predictor
Get PDFResearchers in the field of protein secondary structure prediction use typical three states of secondary structures, namely: alpha helices (H) beta strands (E), and coils (C). The series of amino acids polymers linked together into adjacent chains are known as proteins. Protein secondary structure prediction is a fundamental step in determining the final structure and functions of a protein. In this work we developed a prediction machine for protein secondary structure. By investigating the amino acids benchmark data sets, it was observed that the data is grouped into two distinct states or groups almost 50% each. In this scheme, researchers classify any state which is not classified as helix or strands as coils. Hence, in this work a new way of looking to the data set is adopted. For this type of data, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis is considered for analysing and interpreting the results of assessing the protein secondary structure classifier. The results revealed that ROC analysis showed similar results to that obtained using other non ROC classification methods. The ROC curves were able to discriminate the coil states from non-coil states by 72% prediction accuracy with very small standard error
Temperature Compensation in pH meter-A Survey
Get PDFThe measurement of pH has a great significance in many applications, ranging from water quality
management through the agricultural to the biomedical applications. Most of those require an accurate
measurement of pH. Unfortunately the accuracy of pH measurement is affected by the temperature of the
measurement sample, which leads to an error in the measured pH value. To eliminate or reduce this effect, the
temperature change must be compensated or avoided. The purpose of this paper is to describe the ways that the
temperature can affect the measured pH value as well as how they are to be compensated or avoided. From the
sensor point of view, the sensors that are used in pH measurement have attracted researchers’ attention so as to
develop and enhance those sensors which have a capability to meet an application requirement. Since the first
pH sensor (glass electrode) failed to meet some application requirements, the developers have proposed a new
electrode based on CMOS technique known as ISFET. This paper also aims to highlight the works which were
done based on glass electrode and ISFET with concentration on advantages and disadvantages of each technique