IUB Journals (Islamia University of Bahawalpur)
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Role of Ambidextrous Leadership in Enhancing Work Engagement and Organizational Performance. : A study of healthcare professionals
No full textThis empirically examined the role of ambidextrous leadership on employees’ work engagement and organizational performance. Ambidextrous leadership encompasses a leader’s capability to stimulate exploitative and explorative activities in employees. A cross-sectional survey was developed, and data were gathered through convenience sampling of N=258 health professionals from government and private sector hospitals from main cities in Pakistan with a condition to have COVID emergency response centers in them so that pressure and crisis management experience must be there in the population of study. The study’s conceptual model was analyzed through structural equation modeling partial least squares with SmartPLS 3 software. Mediation by bootstrap was used to analyze the indirect relationships. Results Ambidextrous leadership was found to have a direct impact on both work engagement (β = 0.236) and organizational performance (β = 0.395). The direct relationship between ambidextrous leadership and employee creativity was nonsignificant. However, the relationships between ambidextrous leadership and work engagement and organizational performance were both mediated by High performance work systems. Finally, the results reveal that organizational performance mediated the relationship between high performance work system and work engagement.The results show that ambidextrous leadership and high performance work system promote the overall performance of health professionals. Thus, a practical implication is that health-care organizations should recruit, train, and develop their leaders to become ambidextrous leaders, in addition to being aware of the multiple direct and indirect effects of practicing ambidextrous leadership
Determining Behavioural Intention to Use Artificial Intelligence in the Hospitality Sector of Pakistan: An application of UTAUT Model
Get PDFThe main objective of this study is to create and evaluate an empirical model that can forecast the elements that impact users' behavioral intentions when using artificial intelligence. The researchers used the expanded Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to investigate the probability of consumers adopting artificial intelligence (AI). The study focused on four key aspects: the impact on society, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions. The research was extended to include three further variables: perceived privacy risk, behavior intentions, and the adoption of artificial intelligence, to augment the precision of client behavior forecasts. The researchers conducted an on-line poll and obtained 310 answers from the hotel business in Pakistan. The cumulative sample was evaluated using structural equation modelling (SEM) inside the IBM SPSS Statistics V. 29.0 and SMART PLS 4.0.6 framework. The fundamental findings of the study suggest that the main factors driving the acceptance of artificial intelligence are the perceived privacy risk, facilitating conditions, and the behavioral intention to use AI. However, the customers' expectations about performance expectancy and effort expectancy, as well as their assessments on social influence, did not substantially impact their choice to utilize this program. Although it is a recent technology, it helps to eliminate gaps in knowledge in the area and promotes a more comprehensive understanding of the complex relationships between these devices. Moreover, this study offers essential knowledge on the most effective techniques for employing these technologies
How Social Commerce Shopping Platform (SCSP) Can Impact Purchase Intentions: A Qualitative Interview Study with University Females
No full textThis study explores the impact of different motivational factors on university female students and staff impact on purchase intention using social commerce purchasing platforms. This research aims to explore the view of female users in social media on their motivation to purchase on social commerce shopping platforms'. The research question for this study is, how and why do different motivational factors affect a female user to purchase products? The data for the study was collected to test our conceptual framework through a qualitative interview-based study. A questionnaire of twelve to fifteen questions was made, keeping in the objectives and goals of the study. Simple random sampling was done, where the target population was university students and academicians precisely females who are social commerce users. This study makes two important contributions. Through qualitative interview-based study from university females, including both academicians and students, I discover that certain motivation factors could impact female online purchase intentions using emerging digital platforms. First is in determining the perceived usefulness effect of SCSP on purchase intention consistent with the call to better understand the effects on PI: Drawing on theory, this study investigates how different dimensions of intrinsic motivations enhance or decrease the impact of perceived usefulness of SCSP on purchase intention. This study extends prior research on an intention to purchase in a relatively new context of the perceived usefulness of SCSP by offering insights into individual motivation. This study provides support for the importance of extrinsic motivation in influencing purchase intention through the usefulness of SCSP. This study includes the perceived intention of females towards social media buying and factors affecting their purchasing behavior. The background literature review has been given where different times of external and internal factors are discussed that affect the intentions or purchaser's decision and intentions towards social commerce buying
Economic Policy Uncertainty and Cash Holdings of Non-Financial Firms: Exploring the Role of Firm Characteristics
Get PDFObjective: This study sets out to empirically investigate the effects of economic policy uncertainty (ECOPU) on firms’ cash holding decisions (FCHD) in Pakistan for the period 2010-2020. It also explores whether the impacts of ECOPU on FCHD are different for firms having different sizes, facing financial constraints, and owned by the government of Pakistan.
Research Gap: This study bridges the gaps in the existing empirical literature on the association between ECOPU and firm cash holding in two fold. First, it uses the news-based index for measuring ECOPU. This news-based ECOPU index is relatively less utilized in developing countries like Pakistan. Second, the existing studies are silent whether firm-specific variables viz. firm size, ownership structure, and financial constraints have any role in formulating the response of firms to uncertainty while designing cash holding policies: a main theme of the study.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper in hand uses the two-step system-GMM estimator to examine the influence of ECOPU on FCHD. This estimator not only yields robust and unbiased estimation results but also controls for potential endogeneity in the dynamic model.
The Main Findings: The results reveal that during the periods of increased ECOPU, Pakistani non-financial firms significantly hold more cash in their reserves. They may do so to effectively handle any financial hindrance in the future. The findings also show that the cash holding decisions of financially constrained (FCON), non-state-owned, and large-sized firms are more responsive to ECOPU as compared to their counterparts.
Theoretical/Practical Implications of the Findings: The findings of this study have numerous important implications for multiple stakeholders that are very useful in decision-making. In this regard, firm managers and investors may take into consideration the different characteristics of firms as well while quantifying the impact of ECOPU on FCHD.
Originality/Value: This research contributes into the literature on several grounds. Firstly, it contributes by examining the effects of the uncertainty associated with macroeconomic policies on cash holdings for an emerging economy, namely Pakistan. Secondly, it adds to the literature by examining the role firm size and financial constraints in establishing the influence of ECOPU on FCHD. Finally, this paper builds on the literature that examines the differential response of stated-owned and non-stated-owned firms to internal and external shocks
The Effects of Climate Change on Migration and Challenges for Local Government: Case Study of District Umerkot Sindh
No full textThis paper examines the impact of climate change on migration patterns and the challenges faced by local governments in District Umerkot, Sindh. It aims to understand how environmental changes such as drought, desertification, and unpredictable weather drive migration and affect governance. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study combines interviews with local authorities, community members, and migrants, along with an analysis of migration trends and climate data. The findings show that climate change is a key factor driving migration in Umerkot, placing significant pressure on local government resources, particularly in water management, healthcare, and housing. While specific to Umerkot, the research suggests that other regions could face similar issues, warranting further study. The paper emphasizes the need for local governments to develop stronger policies, allocate resources effectively, and engage communities to build resilience and support sustainable development. It provides valuable insights for policymakers on the intersection of climate change, migration, and governance in Pakistan
A Reflection On Surah AL-ISRA’
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The reflection on Surah al-Isra’ (The Night Journey) is an attempt to show how the surah (chapter) is an integral whole of meaning. Each ayah (verse) of the surah connects with the two main themes of the surah – Meccan polytheists objections to the Prophet’s message and God’s responses, and the believers’ impatience asking for the punishment of the polytheists in the eleventh year of the Prophet’s teaching in Mecca. The example of the Children of Isra’il in the surah serves the purpose of informing the polytheists of their coming reward or punishment based on accepting or rejecting the Prophet’s message. When we study the surah as a unity of meaning, i.e., all ayat (verses) connect in meaning with each other, the discontinuity in the narrative disappears. For example, ayah 1 is about Isra’ (night journey) but then connected with a wa (and) in ayah 2 with the story of Moses. The two subjects have no connection, but a deep connection exists. The difficult circumstance in the eleventh year of the Prophet’s preaching required to show the Prophet God’s great signs that God was in full control. Therefore, the believers shall remain patient. Whereas the ayah 2 poses a threat to the polytheists by narrating the story of Moses and his followers when they disobeyed. The surah is full of such discontinuities. For each discontinuity, the paper will show the hidden connection. The reflection on the Qur’an then becomes a process of discovering hidden meaning threads among the ayat of the surah. The beauty of a narrative is in its flow of ideas without discontinuities. Further, it fulfills the idea of a surah as a boundary within which certain ideas exist and others excluded based on the principle of making certain key points. Reading a surah as disjointed subjects or unity of subjects drastically impacts its correct understanding
Different Prevalent Modes of Currency and Views of Contemporary Jurists: کرنسی کی مختلف مروجہ صورتیں اور معاصر فقہاء کرام کی آراء
No full textCurrency is an important medium to be used by man and it has been part of human history since day one. There have been lots of means to exchange goods for desired items and this has created a solid monetary system among societies. The exchanging medium being a vital part of the trade market has been a central part of discussion among scholars, jurists, theologians, and legal bodies too. They have explained in detail every necessary dimension and highlighted the value of currency considering the historical patterns. Thus, in this paper, all the modes of currency are included to be discussed. i.e. commodity, metallic, paper, token, and plastic money, and all the famous opinions of scholars and jurists are gathered and presented to get a clear understanding of the value and status of the currency being used. Shariah standards for each type of currency and certain limitations regarding there are also mentioned in this research. A reader gets satisfying information about the medium of exchange and leaves with zero ambiguity about their legislative or juristic position in Islam
Hadith Uraina : Analytical Study
Get PDFIslam is a universal religion whose teachings serve as a guiding light for people of all eras. Whether Muslim or non-believer, the success of every individual's life is concealed within Islamic teachings. However, since the beginning, opponents of Islam have engaged in propaganda to distance people from Islam or they aim to shake the faith of Muslims to the extent that they lose the sweetness of Islam. The first and foremost source of Islamic teachings is the Holy Quran, followed by the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), whose practical example is the Prophet himself. After failing in their attempts to oppose and reject the Quran, the adversaries of Islam have now targeted the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). This is because, after the Quran, the most significant reliance for understanding the Quran and Islam is on the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).Hadiths are related to people's circumstances, reasons, and specific times. However, the enemies of Hadith raise objections that, upon hearing, might cause ordinary people to become distrustful of the Hadith or develop doubts and uncertainties in their hearts. The most widely accepted book of Hadith, "Sahih Bukhari," has faced several objections from critics, particularly concerning the Hadith about the tribe of Uraina or Ukl.In this context, we will explore the significance of the Hadith's chain of transmission (Isnad) and text (Matn), as well as the perspectives of Hadith commentators. Additionally, we will examine the scientific and rational aspects of the Hadith.The research methodology will be narrative, utilizing various Hadith commentaries and scientific and research-based books for reference
Exploring the Concept of God: A Comparative Analysis of Scientology, Islam, and Christianity
Get PDFThis study delves into the multifaceted concept of God as portrayed in Scientology, Islam, and Christianity, offering a comparative analysis of their theological frameworks. While Scientology emerged as a modern religious movement, Islam and Christianity have deep historical roots. The analysis examines their scriptures, theological doctrines, and teachings to elucidate the nature, attributes, and roles ascribed to God within each belief system. Key aspects such as monotheism, divine attributes, cosmology, and human-divine relationship are scrutinized to highlight similarities and divergences. The research employs a multidisciplinary approach, drawing from religious studies, theology, and sociological perspectives to provide a comprehensive understanding of these faiths. Through this comparative exploration, the study aims to foster interfaith dialogue, promote tolerance, and deepen scholarly insights into the diverse conceptions of the divine across different religious traditions
How has the duty drawback policy impacted the exports of surgical goods from Pakistan?
Get PDFObjective:
The Government of Pakistan, through its SRO No. 711(1)/2018 introduced the Duty Drawback scheme to increase the exports from the country. This research gauges the effect of the Policy of Duty Drawback scheme on exports of particular surgical goods from Pakistan.
Research Gap:
Most of the research on the Duty Drawback Scheme has covered its impact on a country's exports holistically, failing to measure the impact at the microenterprises level, like small and medium-sized enterprises. However, unprecedented to others, this research has gauged the impact of duty drawbacks on a specific small and medium sector i.e. surgical sector of Pakistan.
Design/Methodology/Approach:
To gauge the effectiveness of the Duty Drawback Scheme, the research utilized the Difference in Difference (DID) estimation technique and the inverse weight of propensity score using Firthlogistic regressions. For estimation used panel data for each of these 51 surgical goods pooled over 2017 and 2021. These fifty-one surgical goods are classified as treatment groups while others as control groups. The data is fetched from the database of the official website of Trade Map, and International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO.
The Main Findings:
The estimation of the research demonstrates that the Duty Drawback Policy has significantly increased the annual exports of treated surgical goods compared to control surgical goods. Thus, the policy has a potential positive influence on increasing the country's exports.
Theoretical/Practical Implications of the Findings:
The outcome of the study reveals that the Duty Drawback Policy provides favorable support for enhancing the exports of surgical goods from Pakistan. Therefore, the policy should be applied to the production of remaining surgical items, as well as to similar manufacturing organizations, to boost the country’s exports.
Originality/Value:
This research provides a line of direction to policymakers for the formulation of future policies and decision-making. Furthermore, the research contributes to the literature for future studies on similar nature topics