IUB Journals (Islamia University of Bahawalpur)
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Predisposing factors of Piriformis tightness and its association with low back pain in office workers - a cross sectional study
Get PDFBackground: Piriformis tightness causes restricted range of motion and decreased flexibility. It interferes with the physical and social functioning of people and leads to piriformis syndrome if not diagnosed in initial stages. Objective: To identify the predisposing factors that may cause piriformis tightness and to check its association with low back pain in office workers. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study and convenient sampling technique was used to collect data from the study participants. Sample size was 250 office worker selected through defined inclusion criteria. Selection criteria were people of 26 to 50 years working from at least of 2 years. Seated piriformis test was used to check the presence of piriformis muscle tightness. Visual analogue scale was used for pain assessment and a structured questionnaire was used to check the predisposing factors. After collecting data from study participants it was analyzed through SPSS version 22. Results: Piriformis tightness was found in 76% office workers. About 58% of the study participants reported to work in office for 6 to 8 hours. 88% of workers reported to sit in slouched posture while 78% reported not to have any foot support. Almost 80% of office workers reported work related back pain. Chi square test resulted a significant association of piriformis tightness with low back pain (p<0.05). Conclusion: Piriformis tightness was frequent in office workers. Predisposing factors included prolong working hours, uncomfortable chairs without appropriate foot support, poor posture, and work related back pain. Study also concluded the significant association between low back pain and piriformis tightness
Spread and Cure of Malaria Disease in the Era of Prophet Mohammad ﷺ A Study From Tibb-e-Nabwai ﷺ
Get PDFAbstract
Like many diseases, malaria disease is also a contagious and infectious disease which is spread through the mosquito Anopheles gambiae. In the era of Prophet Mohammad (pbuh), the malaria disease was an endemic disease. At that time, it had adversely affected a large number of people including man, children and women in Mecca and Madinah. Later on, it spreads everywhere. At that time, there was not the vaccine or medicine of the malaria disease. The malaria disease had various reasons for its causes and symptoms. People at that time find very much difficulty in coping with the severity of the malaria disease, due to its devastating effects. The purpose of the study is to find the origination of malaria disease and its effects on the people in the lifetime of Prophet Mohammad (pbuh). As well as the cause from which malaria disease spreads in Mecca and Madinah. The study also discover that how an individual infected with malaria disease were treated at the time of Prophet Mohammad (pbuh). As Allah Almighty has not made any disease of which its cure is not present. As the Prophetic Medicine has a cure of every diseases. The research methodology for conducting a research is qualitative including the primary and secondary sources. The reader will come to know about the historical background of the origination of malaria disease. What are the reasons for its cause and symptoms behind the malaria disease? And then how the infected person is cured from the disease in the life time of Prophet Mohammad (pbuh). Lastly, every individual will come to know that initially every disease when it appears for the first time it is severe until it reaches to its peak. And later on, with the passage of time, the fear of people lessen when its vaccine or medicine is developed. However, every disease in the global history when appeared has caused devastating affects to the human individuals. For human individuals of every age becomes difficult of coping with any of the diseases whether it would be a malaria disease or any other which inflicted to them for the first time.
Interpersonal Dynamics in Pharmaceutical Marketing: Understanding the Influence on Doctor Prescription Patterns in Developing Countries
Get PDFBy integrating insights from Theory of interpersonal Behavior, this study underscores the significance of interpersonal factors in shaping physician prescribing behavior within the pharmaceutical marketing landscape. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of promotional tools, personal selling and direct marketing among physicians. A cross-sectional study, based on 5 point likert scale, sample size was 550. Unit analysis was physicians. Numerous tests have been performed to determine the impact of promotional tools on physician prescribing decisions. The study found that the effect of direct marketing, promotional tools on physician’s habit persistence are significant. Further, direct marketing and physician’s habit persistence are significant. Mediating effect of physician’s habit persistence between direct marketing and physician’s prescription behavior is significant and mediating effect of physician’s habit persistence between promotional tools and physician’s prescription behavior is significant
The Threats to Coastal and Marine Tourism of Pakistan
Get PDFCoastal tourism is considered to be an economic promoter in several periphery countries around the globe. However, Pakistan suffers through sea blindness. Now after China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), coastal tourism has been glamourized for socio-economic development of the country. Coastal tourism is a complex activity that involves many sectors, priorities and interests. Thus, sustainability of coastal tourism asks for a concise framework. This study has attempted to identify the potential threats in development of coastal tourism in the country. Data for this study is collected from relevant coastal tourism organisations. The data collected is analysed through Socio-economic, traditional, technological, environmental and political factors, found interrelated. The threats are then put across within major areas like: stakeholders’ collaboration, bio diversity, management planning and political circumstances in coastal tourism. Study recommends macro management initiatives for sustainable coastal tourism. The suggestions can connect coastal tourism with the blue economy, society and environment
Second Coming of Jesus Christ; A Review of Sulṭān Paul’s Thoughts in the Light of Islamic Teachings
Get PDFIslam and Christianity do share some similarities, but their core beliefs are very different. Some Christian authors interpret these connections using Islamic justifications to support their perspective. One such similarity is the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, which is anticipated by both religions. While this occurrence is seen as one of the signs of the Hour in Islamic traditions, it is of utmost importance in Christian eschatology. In this article, Sulṭān Paul’s thoughts on the Second Coming of Jesus Christ are examined from an Islamic viewpoint. Sulṭān Paul, who was born in 1881 and raised in an Afghan Muslim family, subsequently converted to Christianity in 1903. He rose to prominence in the Subcontinent for his Christian activities. He made an effort to integrate biblical literature with the Qur’ān through his writings, defending Christianity and addressing Islam and other religions. The study explores Sulṭān Paul’s contributions and illuminates his thoughts on the Second Coming of Jesus Christ. We hope to better comprehend the interaction between Christian eschatology and Islamic beliefs by exploring this viewpoint
Comparative Critical Discourse Analysis of Quranic Translations: A Study of Maulana Maududi and Javed Ghamidi's Interpretation of the Verse 256 of Surah Al-Baqarah
Get PDFThis paper employs comparative discourse analysis to examine Maulana Maududi and Javed Ghamidi's interpretations of a part of the verse in Surah Al-Baqarah (2:256) in the Quran. Applying Fairclough's theory as the foundation, comparative CDA sheds light on linguistic variations, discourse structures, and ideological foundations for in depth exploration of the debate. The analysis encompasses textual, discursive, and social dimensions to uncover differences in lexical choices and rhetorical devices used by each author and reveals differing perspectives within the language construction of both translations influenced by historical, cultural, and intellectual factors. Specifically, it contrasts Maududi's assertive political language with Ghamidi's more rational and adaptable writing style. The power structures and ideological influences in society reflect Maududi's emphasis on an Islamic state compared to Ghamidi's contextual, rational Islam. Translations impact societal dynamics by reinforcing specific interpretations, such as Maududi's clarity on doctrine or Ghamidi's promotion of individual autonomy. This research expands our understanding of diverse viewpoints within the Islamic discourse on religious freedom and coercion in the translation of the verse
Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of Workplace Stress Scale for Pakistani Police Investigation Personnel
No full textObjective: To assess job stress among police investigation personnel, the present study purports to translate and validate the workplace stress scale (WPSS) for Pakistani Police investigation Personnel.
Methods: For this purpose, International Test Commission (ITC) guidelines for translation, adaptation, and validation were used. The sample was taken from all districts of Punjab Pakistan and N=300 police investigation personnel were recruited from police stations of Punjab Province. Moreover, factor structure, internal consistency, content validity, face validity, and convergent validity were examined for Urdu version of the Workplace Stress Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and valdity analysis were done by using AMOS 21 v and SPSS 26 v respectively .
Results: The findings of this study demonstrate unimodal Workplace Stress Scale is culturally adapted for Pakistani Police Personnel. The values of χ²/df =1.26, GFI=.97, CFA= .99, and RMSEA=.03 indicated good model fit. Moreover, the construct validity and reliability (α=.90) of WPSS are also shown favorable results. Additionally, the WPSS demonstrated favorable results in terms of construct validity and reliability
Conclusion: Despite all the shortcomings and restrictions, police investigators perform a vital role in preserving the rule of law in society. Due to the nature of the demanding job, many police investigation personnel feel stressed. So, the Urdu-translated version of the Workplace Stress Scale (WPSS) will be helpful to gauge the degree of job stress among Police Investigation Personnel
The Association of Organizational Justice and Organizational Commitment with Organizational Trust as a mediating factor; Employees Perceptions in Universities
Get PDFObjective: This quantitative study aims to investigate the employees’ perceptions with respect to the organizational justice, organizational trust and organizational commitment.
Research Gap: The research on organizational justice, organizational trust and organizational commitment is scarce particularly in higher education sector.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The article administered a survey questionnaire on 201 faculty members to study the relationship among variables in the higher education sector particularly universities in Lahore, Pakistan. The questionnaire consisted of 72 questions primarily using 7-point and 5-point Likert scale.
The Main Findings: One way ANOVA explained the variation among the age, academic positions, and job tenure. Significant relationship among the variables was found using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation and path coefficients. The research shows differences in employees’ perception with regard to organizational justice, trust, and commitment.
Theoretical / Practical Implications of the Findings: This study offers valuable insights into the literature of and the relationships between organizational justice, trust, and commitment. Also, it unfolds dimensions to improve the organizational performance and employee productivity. Actionable strategies may set in place addressing gender disparities through mentorship, transitioning temporary roles to permanent ones, standardizing processes for evaluations, and fostering authentic leadership.
Originality/Value: The study research also presents insights for the academic sector for improvement of organizational values and behavior. The research is limited to faculty and doesn’t include administrative staff. The research can be conducted in manufacturing and other service sectors to better understand the phenomenon of interest
التفاعل بين الفتوى والقضاء: دراسة تطبيقية في القانون الإسلامي
Get PDFوقد ركزت هذه الورقة البحثية على موضوع الفتوى والاجتهاد والفقه في الفقه الإسلامي، تتبنى هذه الدراسة منهجًا متعدد التخصصات، يجمع بين التحليل التاريخي والنظرية القانونية والبحث التجريبي، لاستكشاف الديناميكيات المعقدة بين الفتوى والقضاء وتفسير الأحكام ضمن الأطر القانونية الإسلامية. ومن خلال مراجعة شاملة للأدبيات، وفحص دراسات الحالة، والتحليل النوعي، تهدف الدراسة إلى توضيح التعقيدات الكامنة في إصدار الفتاوى، وعلاقتها بالأنظمة القضائية، وتأثيرها على تفسير وتطبيق الشريعة الإسلامية. وتكشف النتائج عن التفاعل الدقيق بين السلطة الدينية والعمليات القانونية والأعراف المجتمعية، مما يسلط الضوء على التحديات والتعقيدات التي تتم مواجهتها في التعامل مع التقاطع بين الفتوى والقضاء. ومن خلال معالجة هذه الديناميكيات، تساهم الدراسة في فهم أعمق للتقاطع بين المبادئ الدينية والأطر القانونية داخل المجتمعات المتنوعة ذات الأغلبية المسلمة
"مُظفّر حُسین بَرنی کے فنِ تدوین و ترتیب کی متنی قرأت بحوالہ "کُلیاتِ مکاتیبِ اِقبال (جلد:دوم): A Textual Study of "Kuliyat e Maqatib e Iqbal vol: 2" eddited and compiled by Muzaffar Hussain Barni
No full textIn the world of Urdu literature, the name of Allama Muhammad Iqbal does not need any introduction. The uniqueness of his works has not only earned him a prominent position in Urdu literature but has also made his name renowned at an international level. His general fame is associated with his poetry and his lectures. Apart from his poetry and lectures, Iqbal's letters are also an important medium for revealing significant aspects of his personality, which, though not on the same level as his poetry and lectures in terms of meaning and form, are still quite substantial. During Iqbal's lifetime, his letters did not gain much fame, but after his death, efforts to organize and compile these letters increased. The honor of the final compilation of his letters belongs to Muzafar Hussain Barni. The paper presented here discusses the textual reading and findings of the second volume of the Kulliyat-e-Makatib e Iqbal, compiled and edited by Muzafar Hussain Barni