IUB Journals (Islamia University of Bahawalpur)
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The Methodology and Reasoning of Allamah Anwar Shah Kashmiri in Hadith Studies (In the Light of Al-Arf Al-Shadhi): علمِ حدیث میں علامہ انور شاہ کاشمیری کا منہج و استدلال (العرف الشذی کی روشنی میں)
No full text"The importance of the Prophetic word/ Hadith is an outstanding topic in Islamic studies being a basic source of Islamic teachings. In this way, the science of Hadith has its own significance and there is found a lot of excellent literature produced in this regard. Among the people who contributed in this field, the name of Anwar Shah Kashmiri is also included. He wrote a book entitled "العرف الشذی" in this regard, a unique one. In the following article, this book is focused on analysing the methodology of argumentation of the author for the purpose of understanding the technicalities of the science of Hadith.
Exploring the Link between Urban Growth, Industrial Development, and Employment Challenges in Developing Nations: A Comprehensive Analysis
Get PDFObjective: This research aims to investigate the correlation between urbanization, industrialization, and unemployment in low- and middle-income nations, recognizing the critical role of the industrial sector in stabilizing their economies. The study seeks to contribute to the understanding of the dynamics between these variables and their implications for economic development and employment trends.
Research Gap: While the industrial sector's impact on unemployment rates in developing countries has garnered significant attention, there remains a gap in the literature regarding the specific relationships between urbanization, industrialization, and unemployment. This study aims to address this gap by conducting a comprehensive analysis using variable regression analysis, focusing on data from 1990 to 2021.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study utilizes variable regression analysis as the analytical method and employs data on urban population, industrialization, total unemployment, GDP growth, total labor force, and inflation from the World Development Indicator database. The empirical investigation applies the generalized method of moments approach and utilizes the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test to assess the presence of a unit root in the data, ensuring robustness in the analysis.
The Main Findings: The findings demonstrate that urbanization correlates positively with GDP growth and the overall labor force but exhibits adverse relationships with unemployment, industrialization, and inflation. Conversely, unemployment shows positive associations with the labor force, urbanization, industrialization, and inflation. Furthermore, the results highlight a positive connection between industrialization and GDP growth, while indicating negative associations between industrialization and both urbanization and inflation.
Theoretical / Practical Implications of the Findings: These findings have theoretical implications for understanding the complex interplay between urbanization, industrialization, and unemployment in low- and middle-income countries. They underscore the need for policymakers to focus on enhancing industrialization to mitigate the adverse effects of urbanization and inflation on unemployment rates. Moreover, governments in these countries must prioritize addressing inflationary pressures to ensure sustainable economic growth and employment opportunities for their populations.
Originality/Value: By employing a rigorous analytical approach and utilizing comprehensive datasets, the study provides valuable data and practical implications for policymakers seeking to promote economic stability and reduce unemployment in these regions
ANN-Based Framework for Mitigation of Black Money Transactions in Crypto Exchange
Get PDFCryptocurrencies have gained a lot of attention in the last 12 years after the launch of Bitcoin's decentralized system which allows direct online payments, Bitcoin opens up the way for many other digital currencies and coins like BNB, Ethereum, ETC (Ethereum Classic), XRP (Ripple), and many others. Many developed countries like America, Germany, France, and Belarus have started accepting payments from digital currency wallets, and their trade exchanges also allow trade through these digital coins and currencies, people of their countries use these currencies as digital financial assets, but many countries are even not ready to accept or legalize these digital currencies and coins due to chance of fraud, cyber security issues, anonymity, and privacy issues. In this paper, we have presented an ANN-based framework through which we can give a way to overcome these threats and vulnerabilities which will be helpful to countries who are looking to regularize it and who have security concerns over it. We have tested our dataset on two different models of Neural Networks, ANN and CNN. In the results CNN gives an accuracy of 81.97% on the other hand ANN gives the best accuracy of 96.72% on our dataset
The concept of benefiting from mortgaged items and its analysis
Get PDFAmong the most basic human rights is the protection of wealth, life and honor, and in fact the Islamic Sharia is the only perfect code of life in which principles have been formulated to secure these three basic human rights according to natural requirements. Among these rights, wealth is the guarantor of the economic life of a person. But sometimes a person does not have wealth to fulfill his needs, so he has to get wealth from others in the form of loan. In such cases, Islamic Sharia has introduced the rules of borrowing and Qarz-e-Hasna (benevolent loan), which not only fulfill people's financial needs but also increase mutual love between them, as a result, an atmosphere of peace is established in the society. But due to the social effects, the tendency of people to give loans is decreasing, there may be many reasons, but one of the main reasons is the failure of the borrower to pay the loan، which causes financial loss to the lender. In this regard, Islamic Sharia has introduced the rules of mortgage here, so that if the debtor is unable to pay the loan within the stipulated time, the borrower can protect his money from the mortgaged thing. But, the issue extends further when the mortgagee desires to benefit from the mortgaged thing. The question arises whether this is permissible according to Sharia or not, and under what conditions the mortgagee can utilize the mortgaged thing. There are both agreed and differing opinions on this matter. This discussion investigates the permissibility or impermissibility of the mortgagee's utilization of the mortgaged thing based on scholarly research
Jus in Bello: War in Islamic international law and International Humanitarian Law
No full textThe intersection of Islamic jurisprudence and international law has been a subject of scholarly exploration for centuries, and the principles governing armed conflict within an Islamic framework have deep historical roots. This project delves into the multifaceted dimensions of the "Principles of War in Islamic International Law," seeking to analyze the foundational tenets that guide military engagements in accordance with Islamic legal traditions. The study begins by elucidating the Islamic perspective on war, emphasizing the significance of just causes and ethical considerations that underpin the decision to engage in armed conflict. It explores Islamic jurisprudence to establish a comprehensive understanding of the principles that regulate warfare within an Islamic paradigm. Furthermore, the research investigates the concept of jus in bello in Islamic thought, addressing issues such as proportionality, distinction, and the treatment of non-combatants during armed conflict.. In addition, the project examines the concept of jihad in Islam and its evolving interpretation in the contemporary geopolitical landscape. It investigates the criteria for engaging in jihad and the principles that govern the conduct of belligerents, shedding light on the nuances of defensive and offensive warfare as outlined in Islamic teachings. Ultimately, this research aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on the compatibility of Islamic principles with the modern framework of international law, offering insights into how traditional Islamic jurisprudence can inform and enrich the current understanding of the ethical and legal dimensions of armed conflict on the global stage. By unraveling the principles of war in Islamic international law, this project seeks to foster a more nuanced and inclusive dialogue that bridges the gap between Islamic legal traditions and the broader context of international relations
Al Qiraat ul Quran, Tawjeeh al Qiraat, Definitions and its Types
Get PDFAbstract:
The Holy Quran is a great book, which Allah has revealed to us as guidance and light. Therefore, whatever knowledge is related to this book is worthier of respect than the rest of the sciences in terms of value and dignity. The most important knowledge from Qur'anic sciences is "Al-Qira'at" and "At Tawjeeh Al-Qira'at".
The knowledge of guidance of the Qur'an is a great knowledge. The knowledge of Tawjeeh Al Qiraat is related to the knowledge of Qiraat e Quraan.In fact,the knowledge of the Qiraat is the name of knowledge of Rawayat and the knowledge of Tawjeeh Al Qiraat is the name of knowledge of Dirayat. In knowledge of Tawjeeh Al Qiraat,Lexical, semantic and interpretative reasons and processes are discussed. Knowledge of Qiraat is related to the recitation of the Book of Allah and knowledge of Tawjeeh Al Qiraat is related to the understanding and consideration of the recited verses. Qiraat is the origin and knowledge of Tawjeeh Al Qiraat is its branch.
Due to this knowledge, the student's knowledge of frequent recitations is strengthened and is saved from doubts and denials. Different meanings of reciting a verse are known and each meaning is familiar. There is an awareness of the different and multiple dialects of the Arabic language. Support is given on prudence and thoughtfulness.
A strong relationship is established with the knowledge of Tafsir, because the understanding of the meaning of Quranic words is based on understanding the meaning of the verses and words of the Quran. It is as if each recitation is a substitute for a verse. The focus of the readings is a part of the interpretation of the Qur'an. Any interpretation that does not take into account the different meanings of the recitation is a faulty interpretation
پروفیسر ڈاکٹر عبدالرؤف ظفر: حیات و خدمات: Life & Services of Prof. Dr.Abdul Rauf Zafar
No full textProf. Dr. Abdul Rauf Zafar was a renowned scholar and researcher, celebrated for his contributions as a teacher and as an individual. Born on January 8, 1951, and passing away on February 14, 2020, he authored 51 books and approximately 300 research articles. His academic career began in 1979 as a lecturer, and he remained committed to teaching until his death. Prof. Dr. Abdul Rauf Zafar provided outstanding service as the Director of the Seerat Chair at The Islamia University of Bahawalpur and as the Chairman of the Department of Islamic Studies at same university as well as at The University of Sargodha. This article examines his life, educational achievements, and research contributions, particularly in the fields of Seerat-e-Nabvi, Hadith, and Quran. The article begins by detailing his educational accomplishments and family life, followed by an in-depth review of his research services
Waste Water Recycling and UN Sustainable Development Goals
No full textWater resources are considered as an essential factor for the development activities. Water availability is important not in terms of quantity but also in terms of quality. Rapid population growth and increase of urban communities are enhancing the number of users and water usage, generating the issue of water scarcity and water pollution. In many locations, changes in rainfall patterns threaten to worsen these consequences. Water shortage, caused by physical scarcity or pollution, has emerged as one of the world's most pressing challenges, posing a threat to human, economic, and environmental security. Wastewater is becoming acknowledged as a potential "new" supply of clean water for potable and non-potable purposes, with social, environmental, and economic benefits. This research proposal investigates the potential of recycled wastewater (also known as reused water) to become a significant source of safe water for drinking purposes and improved sanitation in support of the United Nations sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This project will offer solutions, implementation and support for recycling and reuse of treated water in urban communities, combining profitability with environmental sustainability. In current research proposal, survey questionnaires are used to classify and analyze the data using the principles of descriptive statistics; being focused on recycled water in Metropolitan areas. It investigates and offers solutions for all waste water management needs
فتاوٰی کی تبدیلی کے مناہج اور اس کے معاصر رجحانات: Fatwa in Flux: Navigating the Dynamics of Islamic Legal Opinions in a Changing World
No full textAbstract:
This article embarks on an intriguing exploration of the dynamic evolution of fatwas and their intersection with contemporary trends. Since the era of venerable jurists, the concept of fatwa has undergone transformations in response to temporal shifts. Through a meticulous examination of diverse sources, this research paper endeavors to illuminate the imperative for fatwas to adapt to the changing tides of time and circumstance, just as the jurists themselves have done. By first delving into the etymological and terminological definitions of fatwa, this study clarifies the nuances of fatwa transformation and its distinction from decree. Historical perspectives are woven throughout, as the views of esteemed jurists are revisited to shed light on this pivotal aspect. Ultimately, the article navigates the contemporary landscape of fatwa evolution, identifying key trends and the underlying reasons for their resonance among modern Muslims, while proposing potential solutions to address the resulting challenge
Battlefield Without Bloodshed: The Prophet's (PBUH) 29 Strategies for Peace
Get PDFThis research article delves into the Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) remarkable approach to establishing peace and order, extending beyond traditional warfare. It explores 29 distinct methods, he employed to foster a peaceful society in Arabia. These methods transcended the battlefield, encompassing a multifaceted approach that included diplomacy, intelligence gathering, strategic economic measures, and fostering a strong sense of community. It highlights his commitment to respecting the fundamental rights of all people, even during times of conflict. By accurately analyzing these 29 methods, the research offers valuable insights into achieving lasting peace and social transformation without solely relying on military might. A compelling comparison is drawn between the Prophet's approach and the devastating wars waged by other rulers of the era. The article underscores the effectiveness of his non-violent methods in establishing a vast Islamic caliphate, a feat achieved with minimal bloodshed (only 250 martyrdoms) across a territory spanning 3 million square kilometers. This stands in stark contrast to the large-scale casualties inflicted during the short-lived conflicts led by other rulers like Caesar and Kasra. The Prophet (PBUH) strategy of achieving victory without war & bloodshed is one that we should adopt in today's world. This article presents the Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) approach to peacebuilding as a valuable case study, offering timeless principles and methods applicable to contemporary efforts in conflict resolution and social transformation