IUB Journals (Islamia University of Bahawalpur)
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Community knowledge, attitude and practices towards dengue in urban and suburban populations of Okara (Punjab, Pakistan)
No full textDengue fever is a viral disease transmitted by biting female Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus
mosquitoes, which breed in small, ponded water. The present work aimed to analyse the
knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards dengue fever and its control in the local population
of the Okara district, Punjab, Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey based on 2279 randomly
selected volunteers of both sexes (male 1149, female 1130) from 08 towns of the district Okara
(Pakistan), ages (15-70 years) from urban/suburban areas during 2016-17 through
questionnaire-based interviews. Educational attainment was moderate, with 57.3 % having 10
or fewer years of schooling in the study population. The results suggested that the general
public has a high level of knowledge, and 87.8% correctly identified the route of transmission.
85.7% recognized man-made containers as breeding sites. Females had higher knowledge
accuracy (81.35%) than males (79.6). Further, most respondents (84.9%) did not have leaky
water taps, 86.3% managed household junk, and 91.1% disposed of rainwater. Respondents
used strong preventive practices such as repellents (64.6%), checking water reservoirs
(83.6%), and drain coolers (85.6%). In conclusion, the masses in the area have a high level of
knowledge about dengue fever, its vector and its breeding. The majority of the respondents
have a positive attitude towards preventive measures against vector and mosquito bites. A very
large segment of the community generally has good practices related to dengue fever and its
vector
Qur’ānic Foundations of Interfaith (Is Da‘wah (Calling to God) Interfaith?)
No full textThe paper addresses two questions: does the Qur’an commands interfaith and is interfaith Da‘wah (calling people to the worship of one God)? First, it will discuss what interfaith means today. Interfaith has moved from the medieval “exclusive attitudes (that) promote suspicion and disdain of the other traditions”. Further, it has also moved from pluralism’s desire to tolerate other religious traditions to celebrate the other. The paper will reflect on āyah (verse) 48 of Sūrah (Chapter) 5 to establish a firm Qur’anic foundation for the diversity of religions required by the Qur’an. The āyah informs if God willed He would have made the whole humankind united in one religious community (ummatan wāḥidatan), but He chose not to do that. Instead, He wants to test us in the religious community we claim ours. God wants diversity of religious practices as it creates conditions in which religious communities can compete with each other in doing good (khayr). Finally, the Qur’an commands ta‘āraf (get to know each other) and ta‘āwan (cooperation) in doing good (49: 13 & 5: 2 respectively), two key goals of interfaith movement today. The paper concludes interfaith meets Quranic commands of ta‘āraf and ta‘āwan. Therefore, Muslims should engage in the interfaith movement. However, ta‘āraf and ta‘āwan only do not meet the requirement of Da‘wah. Da‘wah requires to intentionally invite people to the worship of one God. Whereas interfaith is not about calling others to one’s faith.
 
جدید فکری چیلنجز اور طلبہ کی شخصیت کی تعمیر میں استاد کا کردار : سیرتِ نبویﷺ کی روشنی میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ: The Teacher’s Role in Addressing Contemporary Intellectual Challenges and Student Personality Development: An Analysis in the Light of the Seerah
No full textIn the contemporary educational context, students face multiple intellectual challenges, including the conflict between religious values and secular ideologies, the tension between tradition and modernity, and the influence of global culture and digital media. Such challenges generate skepticism, confusion, and a decline in intellectual confidence, leading in some cases to extremism or moral laxity. In this context, the role of the teacher extends beyond the transmission of knowledge to include intellectual guidance and character formation. The Sīrah of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ provides a comprehensive pedagogical model that combines education, moral training, and intellectual development. His methodology emphasized wisdom, compassion, practical application of knowledge, and the cultivation of students’ spiritual and ethical capacities. This research explores how the principles of Prophetic pedagogy can be applied within modern educational systems to enable teachers to address contemporary intellectual crises, foster holistic student development, and contribute to positive societal transformation.
Keywords: Teacher’s Role, Student, Contemporary, Intellectual Challenges, Personality Development, Seerah
Qurʾānic Just-Peace: A Comparative Study of Peace and Justice in Islamic, Christian, and Jewish Scriptures
No full textThe research examines the concept of just peace as described in the Qurʾān and conducts a comparative evaluation of the scriptures of Judaism and Christianity to identify points of convergence and difference in their ethical and theological understandings of peace and justice. It argues that Islam also provides an integrative model in which justice (ʿadl), mercy (raḥma), and social rectification (islāḥ) cannot exist outside of peace (salām), thus suggesting a paradigm which is also normative and operational. The study foreshadows a similar moral basis by comparing the Qurʾānic principles with Jewish ideals of shalom and prophetic justice as well as Christian moral obligations to reconciliation and eirene, taking into account contextual differences. Based on current scholarship and empirical research into scriptural ethics and peace-building, this paper highlights the empirical implications for current interfaith efforts, demonstrating how the idea of justice-based scriptural paradigms provides a stable and transformative foundation for world peace, coexistence, and the protection of human dignity
اخفاء کے معاصر تصورات کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ: An Analytical Study of Contemporary Concepts of Ikhfāʾ” (Privacy, Secrecy, Confidentiality, and Security)
No full textThis article explores the multifaceted concept of Ikhfāʾ—encompassing privacy, secrecy, confidentiality, and security—through religious, philosophical, legal, ethical, psychological, security, and commercial perspectives. From a religious standpoint, Ikhfāʾ is associated with concealing personal acts of worship, charity, and human flaws to preserve moral integrity and social harmony. In Islam, secrecy serves as a means of protecting societal cohesion, while similar notions of confidentiality and modesty are regarded as sacred in other religious traditions as well. Philosophically, Ikhfāʾ is understood in relation to knowledge, truth, and existence, where withholding certain information is considered an expression of wisdom, reflection, and intellectual maturity.
From a legal perspective, Ikhfāʾ is regulated through data protection laws, privacy rights, national security legislation, and digital media regulations aimed at safeguarding personal data, state secrets, and commercial information. Ethically, secrecy is evaluated within the framework of morality and justice, where concealing information may be obligatory, commendable, or reprehensible depending on context, while unjustified concealment may amount to deception or wrongdoing. Psychologically, Ikhfāʾ relates to the protection of personal emotions, identity, mental well-being, and feelings of insecurity or fear. In security terms, it focuses on protecting sensitive military, governmental, and digital information through modern technologies such as encryption and cybersecurity tools. Commercially, Ikhfāʾ safeguards trade secrets, patents, and business models to ensure economic stability. Overall, despite contextual differences, the core objective of Ikhfāʾ remains the protection of information from unauthorized disclosure, ensuring individual dignity, social order, and global stability
خلافتِ راشدہ کا زرعی نظام اور جدید ریاستی پالیسیاں: The Agricultural System of the Rashidun Caliphate and Modern State Policies
No full textThe period of the Rashidun Caliphate (11–40 AH / 632–661 CE) occupies a central place in the history of Islamic civilization. It represents the formative era in which the foundations of Islamic governance, economy, and social justice were practically implemented under the leadership of the Rightly Guided Caliphs — Abu Bakr al-Ṣiddīq, ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb, ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān, and ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (may Allah be pleased with them all). Among the various administrative and economic developments of this era, the agricultural system stands out as a cornerstone of economic stability, food security, and social welfare. Agriculture was not only a means of livelihood but also a manifestation of the Qur’ānic vision of productive labor, justice in resource distribution, and the ethical stewardship of land. The Rashidun Caliphs introduced policies that balanced ownership rights with social responsibility. Through instruments such as ‘ushr (tithe), kharāj (land tax), fay’ (state revenue from non-military sources), and the establishment of public lands, the state ensured a fair and sustainable management of agricultural resources. These measures reflected the Caliphs’ commitment to equity, efficiency, and public interest (maṣlaḥah)
Regulating Halal in Cosmetics Ingredients: A Comparative Study of Pakistan and International Standards
No full textThe global cosmetics industry has undergone rapid expansion, accompanied by increasing regulatory scrutiny and ethical concerns regarding product safety, ingredient sourcing, and consumer transparency. In Pakistan, cosmetic products are regulated under the Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP) Act and associated rules, while internationally, frameworks such as the European Union Cosmetics Regulation (EC No. 1223/2009), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines, and ISO standards govern formulation, labeling, and safety assessment. This study critically examines cosmetic ingredients within the context of national and international regulatory standards, with special attention to substances derived from animal, microbial, or synthetic sources that may raise concerns regarding halal status, impurity (Najāsah), and transformation. By integrating contemporary cosmetic science with classical and modern Islamic jurisprudence, the research evaluates how Sharia principles such as the prohibition of harm, the avoidance of intoxicants and impure substances, and the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-sharīʿah) can coexist with modern cosmetic regulations.
This study aims to critically evaluate the sharia permissibility of cosmetics ingredients particularly those derived from human, animals, aquatic animals, insects, plants and biotechnological sources by comparing Pakistan standard and international standards. The study further highlights gaps in ingredient source disclosure and halal certification within Pakistan’s cosmetic market, emphasizing the need for harmonization between regulatory compliance and religious ethics. The findings suggest that while international and Pakistani standards effectively address safety and quality, incorporating Sharia based guidelines particularly regarding ingredient sourcing and transparency can enhance consumer trust and ethical accountability. The study concludes that a multidisciplinary framework combining scientific regulation, legal governance, and Islamic ethical oversight is essential for the sustainable development of the cosmetics industry in Muslim societies
Factors Affecting Behavioural Intention to Visit Tourist Attractions in Pakistan: Evidence from Social Media Users in Pakistan
No full textSocial media is rapidly evolving across every field worldwide, with tourism being no exception. Pakistan has enormous potential in its tourism industry, which can be augmented through promotion on social media. This research aims to determine the role of social media in affecting the behavioural intent to visit tourist attractions in Pakistan. The data for this study were collected from 225 participants, all active social media users living in major cities across Pakistan. Data acquisition for this study employed convenience and snowball sampling methodologies, and SPSS software was utilised for multiple regression and reliability analysis. Our results of the hypothesis test showed that the positive experiences of travellers, information search regarding travel and tourism promotion play a significant and positive role in building their behavioural intention to travel to the tourism venues or sites in Pakistan. Despite recent negative influences from social media, we aim to promote Pakistani tourist sites through social media by actively requesting visitors to share positive and uplifting reviews. In parallel, we seek to empower the public with greater knowledge about the worth and basic structure of the tourism industry, to achieve a renewed and enduring growth in tourism
Book Review: Zia-un-Nabi by Justice Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari
No full textZia-un-Nabi by Justice Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari (1918-1998) represents one of the most comprehensive Urdu Seerah works of the modern era. Spanning seven volumes published between 1972 and the 1990s, it traces the Prophet Muhammad’s PBUH life from pre-Islamic Arabia to the final years in Madinah, integrating Qur’anic exegesis, Hadith scholarship, and historical analysis. Distinctively, Karam Shah grounds his narrative in the Qur’an and authentic Hadith, employing rigorous methodologies of isnād evaluation and tarjīḥ to reconcile classical sources. The concluding volume addresses and refutes major Orientalist critiques, particularly those of Goldziher, Muir, and Watt, by highlighting methodological biases and affirming the Qur’an’s divine coherence as ultimate evidence of prophethood. Combining devotional reverence with scholarly precision, Zia-un-Nabi stands as both an intellectual defense of Islamic tradition and a spiritually enriching contribution to modern Seerah literature
An Analytical Study of the Noble Contributions of the Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) Ancestors in the Administration of Makkah Mukarramah
No full textThe tradition of serving the pilgrims of the Kaaba and ensuring their hospitality has been a noble legacy upheld by the ancestors of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). From Prophet Ibrahim (AS), who excavated the well of Zamzam, to Qusay ibn Kilab, who established the systems of Siqayah (providing water) and Rifadah (providing food), the leaders of Makkah prioritized the comfort of Hajj pilgrims.
Hashim ibn Abd Manaf, known for his generosity during famine, expanded these services, while Abdul-Muttalib revived the lost well of Zamzam and emphasized feeding the needy. Abu Talib, despite financial hardships, continued this tradition by borrowing funds to host pilgrims, demonstrating unwavering dedication to hospitality.
This historical account highlights the deep-rooted values of generosity, service, and respect for the guests of Allah’s House—a legacy that laid the foundation for Islamic teachings on Hajj and hospitality