IUB Journals (Islamia University of Bahawalpur)
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التحليل البلاغي للتعبير القرآنى في حديثه عن ماء الدنيا: A Rhetorical Analysis of Qur'anic Expressions Regarding the Water of This World
No full textWater is one of the most frequently mentioned elements in the Qur'an and serves as a powerful symbol of life, mercy, purification, and divine power. The Qur’anic discourse on water does not merely describe its physical attributes or natural phenomena, but it also embeds deep rhetorical, metaphorical, and theological meanings. This research seeks to explore how the Qur’anic language utilizes rhetorical devices (balāgha) to present the concept of "mā’ al-dunyā" (the water of this world) with layered meanings—both literal and symbolic.
Understanding the rhetorical expression of water in the Qur’an is not only vital to grasping the beauty and depth of divine speech but also offers ethical and spiritual insights into man's relationship with nature, sustenance, and divine order. In today’s context of ecological crisis and spiritual confusion, revisiting the Qur’anic narrative through the lens of balāgha provides both aesthetic appreciation and moral reflection.
What rhetorical devices does the Qur’an employ in describing water (mā’ al-dunyā)?
How do Qur'anic expressions about water contribute to the broader thematic structure of verses?
What spiritual, ethical, or symbolic meanings are conveyed through these expressions?
How does the Qur’an balance between the literal and metaphoric use of water?
Objectives of the Study
To analyze the rhetorical features of Qur’anic expressions related to water.
To explore the multi-dimensional symbolism of water in the Qur’an.
To identify key balāgha tools such as metaphor (istiʿāra), simile (tashbīh), emphasis (ta'kīd), and contrast (muqābala) used in such verses.
To contribute to Qur'anic stylistic studies by focusing on environmental and metaphysical themes.
This research adopts a qualitative, descriptive, and analytical method. It uses:
Textual analysis of selected Qur’anic verses mentioning water.
Balāgha-based framework from classical Arabic rhetoric to identify and explain rhetorical features.
Thematic categorization of meanings—literal, ethical, symbolic, eschatological—derived from Qur’anic discourse.The study draws upon works of classical commentators like al-Zamakhsharī, al-Rāghib al-Asfahānī, and modern scholars of Qur'anic balāgha
Smart Energy Management in WBASNs: A Novel Protocol for Enhanced Efficiency
No full textIn this study, we introduce a novel routing protocol for Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (WBASNs) that prioritizes reliability, energy efficiency, and data transmission performance. Our approach employs a multi-hop network structure to optimize energy usage and extend the system's operational longevity. Conventional wired methods for monitoring bodily signals face challenges due to interference, making Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (WBASNs) a more viable alternative for continuous healthcare monitoring. WBANs consist of compact, intelligent wireless sensors attached to the human body. These sensors can collect, process, and transmit crucial health parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, oxygen saturation, and electrocardiogram (ECG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) readings. Real-time data transmission allows healthcare providers and users to efficiently track patient health conditions. Additionally, we propose a cost function designed to determine the most optimal parent node or forwarder. The selected parent node is chosen based on its high residual energy and proximity to the sink, ensuring efficient data transfer. Maintaining energy balance within sensor nodes while ensuring reliable packet delivery to the sink enhances the stability of the network. The findings from our simulations suggest that the proposed protocol significantly extends the network stability period and prolongs the lifespan of individual nodes. This improvement ultimately increases packet transmission to the sink, which is essential for real-time patient monitoring
A Contemporary Analysis of World Peace through Balance of Power: A Study of Seerah of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) in Madina
No full textWith the creation of universe, Allah almighty Himself took the responsibility to maintain peace and order in this world, and send messengers to maintain balance of power. Qur'an uses the word 'Dhif 'a' which means the balance of power. “For had it not been for Allah's repelling some men by means of others, cloisters and churches and oratories and mosques, wherein the name of Allah is oft mentioned, would assuredly have been pulled down.” (22:40) This verse is considered as Allah swt’s action towards the oppressed people and a warning to the oppressors through the annals of world history None of the powers in the world can maintain their hegemony forever with their invasion of culture and identity of the people whenever they overrule their limits, Allah swt replaces their powers with another and maintain balance and peace in the world.. World nations and communities have a major role in the balancing of power and keeping of the peace and harmony in the planet earth. Therefore the Prophet of Islam set many examples in the history of Madina, where through the balance of Power attained during War and Peace by the mutual understanding, mutual cooperation and treaties among different nations and communities of the city state of Madina .This cooperation was for not only goodness of the people and the pleasure of Allah, but also for the eradication of aggression and destruction of the world peace. This article explores the Seerah of the Prophet Muhammad at Madina which sets direction how to direct the efforts of the leaders of the nations and religious communities in the direction of dialogues and not to misuse of Power and destroy the humanity at large which is biggest challenge of today’s world
أركان الإيمان عند غلام أحمد برويز دراسة نقدية: The Pillars of Faith According to Ghulam Ahmed Parwez A Critical Study
No full textThis study aims to analyze Ghulam Ahmed Parwez`s approach to interpreting the six pillars of faith, as he adopted a strict rationalist approach that transformed these pillars of faith, which are the basis of Islamic doctrine, from fixed metaphysical truths into symbolic meanings and social concepts, thus creating a fundamental deviation from the beliefs of Ahl El-Sunnah W Gama`a. The researcher accurately translated Parwez's original texts from Urdu, then studied them using a comparative critical methodology that relies on the Holy Quran, the authentic Sunnah, and authoritative books of creed as references for judgment and evaluation. The research methodology required presenting only one example for each pillar, based on the fact that the author’s judgment of all examples included under one corner was identical. This choice aims to achieve brevity and avoid unnecessary elaboration and repetition in the presentation and analysis, as the chosen example is sufficiently represents the remaining similar examples. The study proved that Parwez redefined belief in God within a socio-material framework, denied the reality of angels, reducing them to natural forces, transformed holy books into general principles rather than divine revelation, stripped prophets of their qualities of prophethood and miracles, interpreted the afterlife in a worldly manner without resurrection or judgment, and reduced destiny to material laws unrelated to God's will. These interpretations undermine the essence of faith and strip it of its metaphysical dimensions upon which the nation has agreed. The research concluded that Parwez’s project does not represent a legitimate intellectual endeavor, but rather a methodological deviation that undermines the foundations of the faith, and is based on contrived rational interpretations far removed from the language and purposes of the Qur’an. The importance of the study lies in demonstrating the danger of this intellectual trend and protecting the Islamic faith from modernist readings that demolish the constants under the banner of rationality and renewal
جمالية الإيحاء في القصائد النثرية لريما آل كلزلي : دراسة تحليلية: The Aesthetics of Suggestion in Rima Al-Kalzali’s Prose Poems: An Analytical Study
No full textThe prose poem is founded on suggestion and implication. If it is stripped of suggestion and overt directness intrudes, no distinction remains between the prose poem and ordinary prose, as it would then resemble a purely prosaic text that cannot legitimately be called a prose poem. This is because the prose poem liberates itself from meter and rhyme; and it is well known that meter and rhyme possess a captivating musicality and rhythm. Notably, the prose poem replaces meter and rhyme with suggestion, compensating through it for what is lost by the absence of rhythmic structure.In this article, the researcher examines the prose poem by attempting to define its boundaries and identify its critical gaps. The discussion then progresses to the poet Rima Al-Kalzali, exploring her journey within the realm of the prose poem, before moving on to address the aesthetics of suggestion and its various forms. Ultimately, the study delves into its core focus: the aesthetics of suggestion in Rima Al-Kalzali’s prose poems
اقبال کی فلسفیانہ بصیرت میں خود شناسی اور پائیدار معاشی مستقبل کی بازیافت: علم الاقتصاد اور پائیدار ترقی کے ہدف نمبر ۸کے تناظر میں: “Self-realization and a sustainable Economic Future” in Allama Muhammad Iqbal's philosophical insights: in the context of Ilmul Iqtisad and Sustainable Development Goal 8
No full textThe United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to address global challenges such as eliminating poverty and economic inequality, safeguarding life on Earth, empowering women, and ensuring that all people have equal opportunities for health, justice, prosperity, education, employment, a clean and sustainable environment, and peace. Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal, the sage of the East, philosopher and mystic, apparently expressed his philosophical insights in poetic form in the subcontinent. Very soon, however, his thoughts, ideas and sweeping vision transcended geographical boundaries and achieved global acclaim. Iqbal's works clearly reflect deep engagement with contemporary challenges, and a visionary outlook on the future. It is for this reason he is often honored with the title “Poet of Tomorrow”. This article, examines United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) No. 8 (Decent Jobs and Economic Growth) through the prism of Allama Muhammad Iqbal's writings, especially "Ilmul Iqtisad (science of Economics) and shows how his far-sighted philosophical insights offer proposed solutions, self-realization, and vision for the future in the context of contemporary economic challenges and sustainable development.
 
From Clicks to Conflicts: The Impact of Social Media Narratives on Political Polarization
No full textBackground: Social media has turned out to be one of the most influential dynamics in modifying the political discourse and general opinion in Pakistan. Despite increasing the accessibility of political news and political participation, such platforms have also increased biased narratives, misinformation, and the choice of selective exposure, hence promoting political polarization.
Objective: The current qualitative research study focuses on (1) mechanisms of how people get political information on social media platforms, (2) the role of biased narratives in the shaping of political attitudes, and (3) the impact of digital political polarization on social relations.
Methodology: The study relies on the Agenda-Setting Theory, Framing Theory, and Selective Exposure Theory to explain these findings through interviews carried out on sixteen semi-structured participants who engage in active or passive consumption of political content on Facebook, TikTok, WhatsApp, and YouTube.
Findings: Findings show that social media are an agenda-setter because they give priority to some political topics in user feeds. Interviewees observed that such content is frequently biased with implications of such framing strategies that enhance the reiteration of partisan views. There was also selective exposure because most participants only listened to the content that reaffirmed their prior political ideologies, thus forming echo chambers that further polarized them. Others considered social media space as a friendly area of connection and some people said that the internet made online political disagreements add to the breakdown of connections offline. It seemed that awareness of misinformation was widespread, and interviewees often checked the news with their peers, family, or even international media.
Conclusion: All of these findings together undermine the assumption that social media is a two-edged sword that, on the one hand, allows people to become relatively easily accessible to political discussion, and, on the other, fuels divisiveness and mistrust. The theoretical perspectives that Agenda-Setting Theory, Framing Theory, and Selective Exposure Theory provide are sufficient to explain the process of political polarization in Pakistan's Digital space. Increased media literacy, ethically responsible journalism, and political content regulation, thus, become instrumental efforts to address the issue of polarization and lead toward healthier democratic practices.
Keywords: Social media, Political Polarization, Agenda-Setting Theory, Framing Theory, Selective Exposure, Misinformation
Hypertension and its management through pharmacotherapy and phytotherapy: A review article
No full textHypertension remains one of the leading modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity
and mortality worldwide. Despite improvements in awareness and therapeutic options, its
global prevalence continues to rise, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where
lifestyle transitions and limited healthcare access hinder effective management. The review
asses the prevalence and associated comorbidities of hypertension and their risk factor and
also discuss advances in its management through pharmacotherapy and emerging Phyto
therapeutic interventions. Recent studies and clinical guidelines from PubMed, WHO, and
international hypertension societies were reviewed, focusing on prevalence data, management
guidelines, and the pharmacological and Phyto therapeutic approaches to blood pressure
control. Current estimates indicate that more than 1.4 billion adults worldwide have
hypertension, with the highest burden in developing nations. Urban populations in South Asia
exhibit prevalence rates exceeding 35%, with Pakistan showing uncontrolled hypertension in
nearly half of diagnosed patients. Pharmacological management using diuretics, ACE
inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, and beta-blockers remains
the cornerstone of therapy. Recent interest in phytotherapy, including Hibiscus sabdariffa,
Allium sativum (garlic), and green tea extracts, demonstrates modest but significant blood
pressure lowering effects through antioxidant, vasorelaxant, and diuretic mechanisms. An
integrated management approach combining evidence-based pharmacotherapy, lifestyle
modification, and scientifically validated Phyto therapeutic agents may improve blood
pressure control and reduce cardiovascular risk, particularly in resource-limited settings
Astrophysical Significance of the Holy Quran: An Analytical Study of Divine Evidence and Scientific Correlations
No full textAstrophysics is a branch of astronomy that focuses on the study of the universe's physics, including the properties, behaviours, and interactions of celestial bodies.
The Holy Quran contains profound references to celestial phenomena that alleys remarkably with modern astrophysical discoveries. The Quran explores and highlights the facts relevant to the orbits, movement and the light of celestial bodies like moon and sun It also touches on the lunar calendar and the physical laws governing the celestial bodies, including the sun, moon, stars, and comets. The Quran delves into phenomena like the end of a star’s life, their directional changes, and shooting stars, weaving divine wisdom with natural observations.
These verses not only reveal divine wisdom but also inspire us to explore the natural world through science. The integration of astrophysical themes in the Quran underscores its timeless relevance, offering a bridge between faith and scientific inquiry, and providing a foundation for understanding the universe from both spiritual and empirical perspectives. This research explores the profound intersections of astrophysics and the Quranic perspective on celestial phenomena
Adaptive YOLO-V8 for Low-Earth Orbit Debris Detection Improving Detection Accuracy with Dynamic Training
Full text linkIt is crucial to identify methods to detect debris due to a new tendency that is emerging in LEO orbits, which is threatening the functionality of satellites and interplanetary missions. This research solves this problem using an improved YOLO-V8 model that enables the detection of space debris with higher precision while using adaptive dynamic learning approaches. It was critical for our model to be able to identify and categorize as many kinds of objects as possible, and our database currently contains 11 object classes, including space debris and satellites. To specifically detect small and moving objects, we utilized the YOLO-V8 model, tailoring the train options to the unique object detections in this class. For the training of our model, we used a large quantity of data in addition to the images from these 11 classes and used SGD as our optimizer with the learning rate of 0.25 and individual weight decay parameters. Additionally, we utilized blur and grayscale transforms to enhance the model through data augmentation. By comparing the obtained results, we can observe enhanced detection accuracy in each class separately, as well as a general boost in prediction and recall. Due to the cross-entropy function's flexibility, the model was able to perform well on various object sizes and speeds in an orbital context, making detection consistent. A lot of fine tuning was required in the training parameters in order to get the desired or even better results devoid of false positive detection. This paper describes how YOLO-V8 with adaptive training achieved outstanding results for object and debris detection in low Earth orbit (LEO) to improve space usage safety and define better approaches to space debris management