Kristiania Open Archive
Not a member yet
2056 research outputs found
Sort by
En casestudie om hvordan brukeradopsjon av Copilot for Microsoft 365 påvirker ledere i Aker BP
Full text linkInnovasjon som kriterium: En studie om norske VC-investorer, PE-investorer og AF forvalteres tilnærming til innovasjonsevne som vurderingskriterium
Full text linkInnovasjon vil for mange selskaper være helt avgjørende for å kunne holde seg konkurransedyktige i stadig skiftende markeder (Hsiao & Hsu, 2018). Satsning på innovasjon vil samtidig også kunne være svært kostbart, og investorenes tilnærming til innovasjon vil derfor i mange tilfeller ha stor innvirkning på selskapenes muligheter til dette (Bronwyn & Lerner, 2010). Denne studien undersøker derfor norske investorers tilnærming til innovasjon, og fokuserer på bakgrunn av manglede forskning om investeringsfonds perspektiver, på ulike profesjonelle investorer (Maas et al., 2018). Gjennom 15 intervjuer med norske investorer innen Venture Capital (VC), Private Equity (PE) og Aksjefondsforvaltning (AF), gir studien innsikt i hvordan profesjonelle investorer vurderer og vektlegger innovasjonsevne i sine investeringsbeslutninger.
Studiens formål er tredelt, da studien søker å belyse forholdet institusjonelle investorer har til innovasjon, redegjøre for hvordan institusjonelle investorer vurderer selskapers evne til å innovere, og belyse hvordan og i hvilken grad investorer benytter innovasjonsevne som vurderingsgrunnlag. Funnene viser at det i ulik grad er variasjoner mellom de tre investortypenes forhold til innovasjon, da VC-investorene har et klart sterkere forhold til dette enn PE-investorene og AF-forvalterne. Funnene viser også at investorene, innenfor hver av de tre kategoriene, i stor grad er samstemte rundt deres tilnærming til å vurdere og vektlegge innovasjonsevne. Samtidig viser også funnene at det finnes variasjoner mellom investorer innenfor samme kategori, spesielt innenfor AF-forvaltning.
Funnene fra studien er relevante for selskaper som ønsker tilgang til kapital og eierstøtte fra norske investeringsfond, og for investorer som ønsker å øke sin forståelse for hvordan andre investorer vurderer og vektlegger selskapers innovasjonsevne. Funnene fra studien bidrar ellers til eksisterende litteratur ved å tilføre ny innsikt om et tema det finnes begrenset med forskning på, og som for mange selskaper kan bli avgjørende i tiden fremover (Maas et al., 2018) (Hsiao & Hsu, 2018)
Citizen-produced political text: An interdisciplinary study of inequalities in research
Full text linkAdvancements in data harvesting and analysing techniques of large datasets have introduced novel challenges for research utilising political text produced by citizens (CPPT). There are numerous disparities in the current research, which populations and how they are studied, data availability, and access privileges. Researchers’ perspectives on these obstacles have seldom been empirically captured. Our study, built on a survey and in-depth interviews with researchers worldwide, provides an evidence-based categorisation of the primary challenges faced. The findings indicate that the most dire issues relate to the social media platform restrictions, differences due to languages employed, and the resource-intensive nature of the research.publishedVersio
Enhancing first-year undergraduate students' adaptation through person-centred thinking
Full text linkThis study uses person-centred thinking as a theoretical framework to explore first-year undergraduate students' adaptation preferences. The aim is to enhance understanding of support mechanisms by analyzing students' subjective experiences. A qualitative visual methodology employing "one-page profiles" was used to identify preferences for improving adaptation. The research involved 18 students from humanities programs at two Slovak universities. Semiotic analysis of visual representations and thematic analysis of text revealed key preference areas: values, personality traits, social aspects, and motivation. Findings highlight a preference for a holistic approach combining personal development, social support, and academic growth, emphasizing authentic communication and empathetic understanding.acceptedVersio
Can general exercise training and pelvic floor muscle training be used as an empowering tool among women with endometriosis? Experiences among women with endometriosis participating in the intervention group of a randomized controlled trial
Full text linkBackground: The potential benefit of exercise in alleviating symptoms of endometriosis is unclear. Still, exercise may be used to empower women and manage disease symptoms. The purpose of this study was to explore how regular supervised group- and individual exercise training, including pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), is experienced among women with endometriosis after participating in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Methods: Among 41 women randomized to exercise training for four months, ten women were interviewed about their experiences with exercise training after participation in the trial. The weekly group training was led by women’s health physiotherapists and included individualized and progressive muscular strength training of large muscle groups and the pelvic floor muscles, in addition to endurance-, flexibility, and relaxation training. An individual training program followed the same principles as the group training and was to be performed 3–5 times per week, depending on the level of intensity. PFMT was recommended daily. The women also received a group pain management course emphasizing exercise training as self-management. Using inductive reflexive thematic analysis, responses to the question “Did participation in the study change your view of exercise as part of the treatment for endometriosis?“ were analyzed. Results: The women brought forward the importance of knowledge about the benefits of exercise to make informed decisions in disease management. Further, the women described how exercise training was perceived as less frightening and manageable when exposed to various intensities, dosages, and types of exercises in a safe and supportive environment. PFMT was especially brought forward as something new and appreciated, and for some of the women, to be performed on days when their bodies could not handle the general exercise training. They also expressed that the supervised exercise brought an extra dimension of belonging through group participation. Conclusions: Individualization and regular supervision seem important to empower women with knowledge about exercise training as self-management and to experience exercise training as safe and non-threatening. Further, creating a sense of belonging through group training may improve social support and build active coping strategies that are essential for disease management of endometriosis.Can general exercise training and pelvic floor muscle training be used as an empowering tool among women with endometriosis? Experiences among women with endometriosis participating in the intervention group of a randomized controlled trialpublishedVersio
Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by cataract: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020
Full text linkBackground
To estimate global and regional trends from 2000 to 2020 of the number of persons visually impaired by cataract and their proportion of the total number of vision-impaired individuals.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis of published population studies and gray literature from 2000 to 2020 was carried out to estimate global and regional trends. We developed prevalence estimates based on modeled distance visual impairment and blindness due to cataract, producing location-, year-, age-, and sex-specific estimates of moderate to severe vision impairment (MSVI presenting visual acuity <6/18, ≥3/60) and blindness (presenting visual acuity <3/60). Estimates are age-standardized using the GBD standard population.
Results
In 2020, among overall (all ages) 43.3 million blind and 295 million with MSVI, 17.0 million (39.6%) people were blind and 83.5 million (28.3%) had MSVI due to cataract blind 60% female, MSVI 59% female. From 1990 to 2020, the count of persons blind (MSVI) due to cataract increased by 29.7%(93.1%) whereas the age-standardized global prevalence of cataract-related blindness improved by −27.5% and MSVI increased by 7.2%. The contribution of cataract to the age-standardized prevalence of blindness exceeded the global figure only in South Asia (62.9%) and Southeast Asia and Oceania (47.9%).
Conclusions
The number of people blind and with MSVI due to cataract has risen over the past 30 years, despite a decrease in the age-standardized prevalence of cataract. This indicates that cataract treatment programs have been beneficial, but population growth and aging have outpaced their impact. Growing numbers of cataract blind indicate that more, better-directed, resources are needed to increase global capacity for cataract surgery.publishedVersio
Implementing evidence into clinical practice. A survey amongst Norwegian acupuncturists
Full text linkIntroduction
As the knowledge base evolves in research and clinical application, the demands for adaptability and development in the acupuncture community increase. This study investigates whether acupuncturists in Norway implement changes in their practice according to the developments in research, and which sources of information they use to inform their practice.
Methods
Between June and September 2021, Norwegian Acupuncture Association (NAA) members received a link to an online survey collecting demographics, education, years in practice, patients per week, continuing education, and implementation of evidence into clinical practice. The sampling strategy was self-selection. Data was analysed using Microsoft Excel, reported as means, numbers, and percentages. A qualitative descriptive approach was used to analyse, code and categorise data for the open-ended question.
Results
Two hundred and four registered Norwegian acupuncturists responded. Nearly two thirds reported that they do not have the time for continuing professional development. Thirty-nine percent responded that an evidence-based acupuncture practice provides the best treatment for patients, and 51% believed that in some cases evidence-based practice provided the best treatment for patients. Ten percent were unsure if evidence-based acupuncture practice provided the best treatment.
Conclusion
Acupuncture does not appear to differ from other medical disciplines with regards to barriers for continuing education and professional development. Despite not working full-time, Norwegian acupuncturists reported lack of time as a barrier to continuing professional development. Barriers to improvement of acupuncture clinical practice were also reported and the onus was on the NAA to implement evidence-based knowledge and likewise update strategies.publishedVersio
BIoMT-ISeg: Blockchain internet of medical things for intelligent segmentation
Full text linkIn the quest of training complicated medical data for Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) scenarios, this study develops an end-to-end intelligent framework that incorporates ensemble learning, genetic algorithms, blockchain technology, and various U-Net based architectures. Genetic algorithms are used to optimize the hyper-parameters of the used architectures. The training process was also protected with the help of blockchain technology. Finally, an ensemble learning system based on voting mechanism was developed to combine local outputs of various segmentation models into a global output. Our method shows that strong performance in a condensed number of epochs may be achieved with a high learning rate and a small batch size. As a result, we are able to perform better than standard solutions for well-known medical databases. In fact, the proposed solution reaches 95% of intersection over the union, compared to the baseline solutions where they are below 80%. Moreover, with the proposed blockchain strategy, the detected attacks reached 76%.publishedVersio
Empowering Homes with Intelligence: An Investigation of Smart Home Technology Adoption and Usage
Full text linkThe increasing interconnectedness of the world, coupled with the proliferation of connected devices, networks, and intricate systems, has paved the way for unparalleled opportunities in automation and sophisticated digital transformation. This has also led to a global rise in the adoption of smart and intelligent technologies within the smart home market. Norway, being a technologically advanced country with digitally skilled citizens, presents a potential market for the widespread adoption of smart home technologies. However, there is a lack of research on the adoption of smart home technology (SHT), specifically in Norway. Hence, this study aims at investigating the factors that influence Norwegian consumers' intentions to adopt smart home technologies, as well as the diffusion of smart home adoption in the Norwegian market. Employing a mixed-methods research design, this study gathered insights from both consumers and vendors through ten qualitative interviews and a survey with 100 participants over the period of seven months. The findings of this study provide empirical evidence supporting the significance of hedonic motivation, perceived price value, and social influence in relation to the use and adoption of SHT.publishedVersio
Food Habits and Forms of Food Insecurity among International University Students in Oslo: A Qualitative Study
Full text linkA growing number of studies indicate that university students and especially international students are prone to experiencing food insecurity (FI). Still, few studies have investigated forms of FI among international students in Europe. Thus, this qualitative study aims to explore experiences regarding FI among international university students in Oslo. Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted between May and June 2022 and analyzed using a thematic approach. The sustainable livelihood approach (SLA) was used as a framework for analyzing and interpreting the data. The students experienced food prices as being high and found food variety at the grocery stores to be low, resulting in struggles to fulfil their food preferences and keep a varied diet. Particularly, social aspects of eating were affected due to high dining prices or inadequate cooking facilities in student homes. However, no student openly reported skipping meals and many mentioned attention for healthy eating. Considering our results, it seems of importance to give more attention to cultural and social aspects related to FI when assessing FI among international students. As the number of international students is increasing, knowing more about this phenomenon can support the promotion of initiatives addressing FI in this population.publishedVersio