Kristiania Open Archive
Not a member yet
2056 research outputs found
Sort by
A dialogical encounter with teaching practice-based subjects in higher education
Get PDFThe intention of this article is from a phenomenological perspective to “unpack” the role of emotions when teaching practice-based subjects in higher education. When teaching practice-based subjects, educators’ embodied expressions and personal understanding affect both teachers’ and students’ knowledge production. The academic and the political worlds have a vested interest in understanding and improving methods of teaching and learning in higher education, and concepts such as accountability and performativity are used to indicate quality in education, whereas the affective and embodied knowledge tend to be unterminated. In this article, the authors investigate the teacher’s body as a knowledge producing and productive resource in teaching practice-based
subjects. Analysis of the dialogue between two teachers shows how expressing the intersubjective and subjective dialogues in- and between them illuminates qualities such as daring to be a bodily perceptive and emotional being, listening within and the experience of teaching and learning simultaneously, trusting bodily sensations, and letting the students be who they are. By applying theoretical concepts to teachers’ descriptions of classroom experiences, this article contributes perspectives and sheds light upon human knowledge in professional relations.publishedVersio
Deep learning based hashtag recommendation system for multimedia data
Get PDFThis work aims to provide a novel hybrid architecture to suggest appropriate hashtags to a collection of orpheline tweets. The methodology starts with defining the collection of batches used in the convolutional neural network. This methodology is based on frequent pattern extraction methods. The hashtags of the tweets are then learned using the convolution neural network that was applied to the collection of batches of tweets. In addition, a pruning approach should ensure that the learning process proceeds properly by reducing the number of common patterns. Besides, the evolutionary algorithm is involved to extract the optimal parameters of the deep learning model used in the learning process. This is achieved by using a genetic algorithm that learns the hyper-parameters of the deep architecture. The effectiveness of our methodology has been demonstrated in a series of detailed experiments on a set of Twitter archives. From the results of the experiments, it is clear that the proposed method is superior to the baseline methods in terms of efficiency.publishedVersio
Climate change and COP26: Are digital technologies and information management part of the problem or the solution? An editorial reflection and call to action
Get PDFThe UN COP26 2021 conference on climate change offers the chance for world leaders to take action and make urgent and meaningful commitments to reducing emissions and limit global temperatures to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels by 2050. Whilst the political aspects and subsequent ramifications of these fundamental and critical decisions cannot be underestimated, there exists a technical perspective where digital and IS technology has a role to play in the monitoring of potential solutions, but also an integral element of climate change solutions. We explore these aspects in this editorial article, offering a comprehensive opinion based insight to a multitude of diverse viewpoints that look at the many challenges through a technology lens. It is widely recognized that technology in all its forms, is an important and integral element of the solution, but industry and wider society also view technology as being part of the problem. Increasingly, researchers are referencing the importance of responsible digitalization to eliminate the significant levels of e-waste. The reality is that technology is an integral component of the global efforts to get to net zero, however, its adoption requires pragmatic tradeoffs as we transition from current behaviors to a more climate friendly society.publishedVersio
A sustainable deep learning framework for fault detection in 6G Industry 4.0 heterogeneous data environments
No full textAbstract
The integration of 5G and Beyond 5G (B5G)/6G in Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications, is making Industry 4.0 smarter. However, the goal of having a sustainable self-monitored industry has not been reached yet. State-of-the-art deep learning-based Fault Detection algorithms cannot handle heterogeneous data, meaning that more than one fault detection computational device has to be used for each data format, in addition to the inability to take advantage of the combination of all the information available in different formats to derive more accurate conclusions. Moreover, these algorithms rely on inefficient hyper-parameters tuning strategies. In this paper, we propose an Advanced Deep Learning framework for Fault Diagnosis in Industry 4.0 (ADL-FDI4), which combines Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and graph CNN (GNN), to handle heterogeneous data. Furthermore, our novel framework uses a Branch-and-Bound procedure to guide the learning process. Our experimental results show that ADL-FDI4 outperforms the state-of-the-art solutions in terms of detection rate and running time, and for that, it consumes less energy. In addition to handling heterogeneous data, which implies that one computational device is sufficient to handle all data formats.publishedVersio
Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Get PDFBackground Given the projected trends in population ageing and population growth, the number of people with dementia is expected to increase. In addition, strong evidence has emerged supporting the importance of potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia. Characterising the distribution and magnitude of anticipated growth is crucial for public health planning and resource prioritisation. This study aimed to improve on previous forecasts of dementia prevalence by producing country-level estimates and incorporating information on selected risk factors. Methods We forecasted the prevalence of dementia attributable to the three dementia risk factors included in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 (high body-mass index, high fasting plasma glucose, and smoking) from 2019 to 2050, using relative risks and forecasted risk factor prevalence to predict GBD risk-attributable prevalence in 2050 globally and by world region and country. Using linear regression models with education included as an additional predictor, we then forecasted the prevalence of dementia not attributable to GBD risks. To assess the relative contribution of future trends in GBD risk factors, education, population growth, and population ageing, we did a decomposition analysis. Findings We estimated that the number of people with dementia would increase from 57·4 (95% uncertainty interval 50·4–65·1) million cases globally in 2019 to 152·8 (130·8–175·9) million cases in 2050. Despite large increases in the projected number of people living with dementia, age-standardised both-sex prevalence remained stable between 2019 and 2050 (global percentage change of 0·1% [–7·5 to 10·8]). We estimated that there were more women with dementia than men with dementia globally in 2019 (female-to-male ratio of 1·69 [1·64–1·73]), and we expect this pattern to continue to 2050 (female-to-male ratio of 1·67 [1·52–1·85]). There was geographical heterogeneity in the projected increases across countries and regions, with the smallest percentage changes in the number of projected dementia cases in high-income Asia Pacific (53% [41–67]) and western Europe (74% [58–90]), and the largest in north Africa and the Middle East (367% [329–403]) and eastern sub-Saharan Africa (357% [323–395]). Projected increases in cases could largely be attributed to population growth and population ageing, although their relative importance varied by world region, with population growth contributing most to the increases in sub-Saharan Africa and population ageing contributing most to the increases in east Asia. Interpretation Growth in the number of individuals living with dementia underscores the need for public health planning efforts and policy to address the needs of this group. Country-level estimates can be used to inform national planning efforts and decisions. Multifaceted approaches, including scaling up interventions to address modifiable risk factors and investing in research on biological mechanisms, will be key in addressing the expected increases in the number of individuals affected by dementia.F Carvalho and E F Fernandes acknowledge support from the University of Porto (UID/MULTI/04378/2019 and UID/QUI/50006/2019 with funding from FCT/MCTES through national funds). L F S Castro-de-Araujo acknowledges support from the Medical Research Council (London; grant number MC_PC_MR/T03355X/1). V M Costa acknowledges her grant (SFRH/BHD/110001/2015), received by Portuguese national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), IP, under the Norma Transitória (DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006). A Douiri acknowledges support from the NIHR Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) South London at King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and the Royal College of Physicians, as well as the support from the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. N Ghith acknowledges her salary as a postdoc is covered by a grant to her research group provided by Novo Nordisk Foundation. V K Gupta and V B Gupta acknowledge funding support from National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Australia. S Haque acknowledges support from Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, for providing access to the Saudi Digital Library for this study. C Herteliu is partially supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation (CNDS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084). Y J Kim was supported by the Research Management Centre, Xiamen University, Malaysia (No. XMUMRF/2020-C6/ITCM/0004). M Kivimäki was supported by the MRC (S011676) and the Wellcome Trust (221854/Z/20/Z). M Kumar acknowledges support from Fogarty International Center (K43 TW010716-04). S Lorkowski acknowledges institutional support from the Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig (Germany; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, grant agreement number 01EA1808A). S Mondello was supported by the Italian Ministry of Health (GR-2013-02354960). A Raggi acknowledges support from a grant from the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Linea – Outcome Research: dagli Indicatori alle Raccomandazioni Cliniche). D A S Silva acknowledges support from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Brasil (CAPES; Finance Code 001 / CAPES-PRINT). J P Silva acknowledges support from the Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit (UCIBIO; grant number UIDB/04378/2020), supported through Portuguese national funds via FCT/MCTES.publishedVersio
Exploring the Use and Adoption of Smart Home Technology: Findings from Norway
Get PDFDue to the continuously increasing socio-technical interconnectedness of the world, the massive
increase in connected devices, networks, and systems creates new opportunities for automation
and advanced digitalization like never before. With the perennial presence of smartphones,
mobile technologies are also applied to and combined with new operations, including
automation of domestic lives. Thus, smart and intelligent technologies is a hot topic in the smart
home industry. Researchers have studied motivating and blocking factors for smart home
technology adoptions among consumers. As Norway is a technologically developed country
with generally skilled citizens, the Norwegian smart home market comprises a potential market
for mass adoption of smart home technologies.
To the researcher’s knowledge, there is little new literature on smart home technology adoption
in Norway. Hence, this thesis will study drivers and barriers affecting Norwegian consumers’
intentions to adopt smart home technologies, and the diffusion of smart home adoption in the
Norwegian market. Through a mixed-methods research design, this study provides insights
from both a consumer and a professional perspective obtained from interviews, in addition to
consumer insights from a survey.
The data collection was based on a research model adapted from the Unified Theory of
Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) by Venkatesh et al. (2012). The research
model used in this thesis consists of eight constructs which were measured by their effect on
behavioral intention towards adoption smart home technology. The eight constructs include
performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, hedonic motivation, price value,
facilitating conditions, energy management, and security and privacy. Through quantitative and
qualitative data analysis, the findings showed that the strongest drivers that was identified for
smart home technology adoption was hedonic motivation, price value, and social influence.
The lack of awareness and familiarity of smart home technology was identified to be a central
potential barrier to adoption, whereas enhanced market communication and education
regarding smart home technology might contribute to get closer to mass adoption of smart home
technology in Norway. The implications for practice entailed that smart home vendors should
ensure a better communication of smart home technology’s benefits and usefulness towards
consumer and assist in educating the mass market about smart home technology to raise
awareness and familiarity. The implications for research pointed out that there is need for additional research on smart home technology adoption in Norway is needed in the future to
see the development in the market.
This thesis consists of six sections: (1) introduction to the research topic, objectives, and the
research questions, (2) a literature review on existing relevant literature within the field of
study, (3) research method, (4) reporting on empirical findings from the data collection and
analysis, (5) discussion and implications of the respective findings in relation to the literature,
and finally (6) conclusion, limitations, and suggested directions for future research
Management by walking away? En studie om endringsledelse i Akademia
Get PDFI dette studiet har vi fulgt en nordisk høyskole på veien mot å bli et universitet, og hensikten med dette forskningsprosjektet har vært å besvare følgende problemstilling:
Gitt ambisjonen om å bli et universitet og nødvendige endringsprosesser, hva kan utdanningsinstitusjonen og den enkelte faglige medarbeider gjøre for å ivareta sine interesser og behov?
Vårt teoretiske rammeverk består av relevant litteratur og tidligere forskning som omfatter ulike deler av en endringsprosess, og som på hver sin måte redegjør for ulike perspektiver, forutsetninger og tiltak som bør bevisstgjøres for å gjennomføre en suksessfull endringsprosess. Dette skal videre i oppgaven skape grunnlaget for drøfting av vår innhentede data.
Oppgavens metodiske del består av både kvalitativ og kvantitativ metode ved bruk av innledende dybdeintervjuer med en påfølgende spørreundersøkelse. Informantene for våre dybdeintervjuer er valgt på bakgrunn av “ikke sannsynlighetsutvelgelse”, og videre har vi bevisst inkludert de informantene vi tenkte ville ha størst betydning for oppgaven gjennom en skjønnsmessig utvelgelse. Denne utvelgelsen ble gjort på bakgrunn av nettverket til vår veileder i tillegg til at vi fortløpende har forhørt oss med mulige informanter fra medlemmer i Forskerforbundet. Videre har vi gjennom hele metodedelen transkribert og analysert data fortløpende med intervjuene ferskt i minne. Utvalget for utsendelsen av spørreskjema ble gjort til Forskerforbundets medlemmer, og vi har ikke lagt føringer for hvor mange eller hvem som skulle besvare den. Vårt mål var å få hentet inn så mange svar som mulig i løpet av den tiden vi hadde tilgjengelig.
Oppgavens første analyse- og diskusjonsdel er organisert etter oppgavens fire kvalitative forskningsspørsmål der hensikten har vært å besvare disse opp mot teori og innhentet data fra dybdeintervjuene. Svarene fra denne delen har gitt oss indikasjoner på at ledelse og kommunikasjon, tidsbruk, work-life balance, tilfredshet og håndtering av arbeidshverdagen er fremtredende temaer. Vi har blant annet konkludert med at det er stor misnøye til ledelsen, og at de har vært fraværende i både kommunikasjon og involvering. I tillegg til dette viser det seg at samtlige informanter opplever vanskeligheter med å balansere jobb og privatliv, og at dette resulterer i at man blir sittende med mye jobb utover arbeidstiden.
Oppgavens andre analyse- og diskusjonsdel er organisert etter oppgavens tre kvantitative forskningsspørsmål som er utformet på bakgrunn av våre kvalitative funn. Denne delen har hatt som formål å kvantifisere funnene våre for å skape bredde og økt validitet og reliabilitet. I forsøket på å besvare oppgavens problemstilling har vi funnet flere interessante funn. Vi har gjennom forskningsprosjektet blant annet sett et tydelig samsvar mellom våre kvalitative og kvantitative funn. Work-life balance, selvledelse, ansattes opplevelse av ledelsen og administrative oppgaver har vært sentrale elementer i denne oppgaven, og det har hatt en stor innvirkning på endringsprosessen mot å bli et universitet. Ansattes opplevelse av ledelsen viser seg å ha signifikant sammenheng med både work-life balance og administrative oppgaver, og vi har dermed konkludert med at ansattes negative opplevelse av ledelsen påvirker fremdriften i endringen som skjer mot å bli et universitet, og at dette har mye å gjøre med ansattes overveldende krav og oppgaver så vel som work-life balance. Med dette setter vi et tydelig søkelys mot ledelsen og deres tilnærming til resterende ansatte. I tillegg til dette ser vi på det som elementært å bedre kommunikasjon, involvering og bevisstgjøring av selvledelse for å skape oppslutning og utvikling.
Avslutningsvis kommer vi til å følge opp forskningen med både teoretiske- og praktiske implikasjoner så vel som kritikk til egen oppgave og forslag til videre forskning
Emballasje som indirekte kommunikasjonsverktøy for formidling av samfunnsansvar i skjønnhetsindustrien
Get PDFFormålet med oppgaven er å utforske hvordan en gruppe forbrukere oppfatter emballasjen som et verktøy i skjønnhetsmerkenes kommunikasjon av samfunnsansvar. Hensikten er å kartlegge hvordan disse forbrukerne synes merkene fremstiller seg som ansvarlige. For å finne ut av dette så vi på teori om samfunnsansvar og tidligere forskning koblet mot dette. Videre gikk vi inn på
hvilke attributter ved emballasjen som har en påvirkning på målgruppens oppfatning av samfunnsansvar. Det inkluderte blant annet materiale, resirkulering og gjenbruk, design og utseende, sertifiseringer og ingredienser. Disse ble vurdert som avgjørende attributter da alle er synlige på den fysiske emballasjen.
Oppgaven er basert på kvalitativ metode med deduktivt design. For å samle inn data benyttet vi oss av dybdeintervju hvor vi fikk innsikt i hvordan målgruppen oppfattet emballasjens attributter. Et deduktivt design forstår målgruppen ut ifra deres perspektiv sammen med eksisterende teori, og ble vurdert som hensiktsmessig til å svare på problemstillingen. Behandling av data ga oss innsikt i målgruppens oppfatning av informasjon og risiko tilknyttet skjønnhetsprodukter. Vi delte intervjuguiden i seks deler som utgjorde skjønnhetsprodukter,
sertifiseringer, dyrevelferd, emballasje, ingredienser og kommunikasjon.
Funnene har vist oss hvor viktig en gjennomtenkt strategi er, for å nå ut til forbrukerne. Blant annet viser det seg at forbrukere kun er oppmerksomme for samfunnsansvarlig initiativ når den er tydelig. I tillegg eksisterer det en ubalanse mellom for lite informasjon og for mye informasjon. Resultatene viser hvor viktig emballasjen er som et markedsføringsverktøy når det gjelder kommunikasjon rundt samfunnsansvar i skjønnhetsindustrien
When explainable AI meets IoT applications for supervised learning
Get PDFThis paper introduces a novel and complete framework for solving different Internet of Things (IoT) applications, which explores eXplainable AI (XAI), deep learning, and evolutionary computation. The IoT data coming from different sensors is first converted into an image database using the Gamian angular field. The images are trained using VGG16, where XAI technology and hyper-parameter optimization are introduced. Thus, analyzing the impact of the different input values in the output and understanding the different weights of a deep learning model used in the learning process helps us to increase interpretation of the overall process of IoT systems. Extensive testing was conducted to demonstrate the performance of our
developed model on two separate IoT datasets. Results show the efficiency of the proposed approach compared to the baseline approaches in terms of both runtime and accuracy.publishedVersio
The impact of technostress on older adult employees
Get PDFThis paper explores the challenges faced by older workers (50+) related to technostress and the digital divide. Technostress is a growing phenomenon resulting from the widespread use of ICT technologies in modern society. The aim of this paper is to propose and characterize strategies to reduce technostress and the digital divide that would help the inclusion and retention of older workers in both private and public organizations. This paper is based on the Arksey and O’Malley framework for scoping reviews. The results of the research conducted show that one of the most effective strategies to mitigate the effects of these phenomena is social dialogue between employers and employees, which can be a source of innovative and creative solutions. As part of the answer to the research question, we found that the social dialogue about solving the impact of technostress should include the active involvement of older adults, which would reflect their current needs.publishedVersio