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Sustainable development and greenwashing: How blockchain technology information can empower green consumers
Get PDFThe unethical behavior of greenwashing threatens the growth of sustainable products and markets. Greenwashing degrades essential efforts to reduce climate change and pollution and to promote social justice. False marketing communication that claims products are sustainable hurts the value of green products and weakens customer capability to prefer sustainable to nonsustainable products. Greenwashing also eliminates trust in “green” products. Markets infected by fake “green” products ultimately fail to provide the necessary sustainable transformation. Our study demonstrates that consumer access to reliable transparent, traceable, and tamperproof product information counteracts perceived greenwashing among consumers of ecological foods. Furthermore, our data indicate that blockchain information significantly more than certification systems safeguard consumers against the threat of greenwashing. Information validating authenticity promotes the development of sustainable products, protects intellectual property rights for suppliers of green products, and safeguards the supply of green products to consumers. Consumers need key information that ensures the provenance of green products. Conventional wisdom endorses certifications to constrain greenwashing. However, we find that blockchain information dimensions protect brands against perceived greenwashing more robustly than certification systems.publishedVersio
A school-based physical activity intervention on psychosocial health outcomes among 11- and 12-year-olds – HOPP-project
Get PDFThe purpose was to investigate the effect of a school-based physical activity (PA)-intervention among 11- and 12-year-olds (6th- and 7th graders) across 4 years. Seven primary schools in Horten municipality in Norway received 45 min daily extra PA as part of the curriculum. The intervention started in 2015 with follow-up in 2016–2019. The effect was measured after 1–4 years of participation, among the same children (6th to 7th grade) and among new children starting in 6th grade. Two control schools received no additional PA beyond the regular PA at school. The Self-reported Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-S) focusing on internalizing and externalizing difficulties were administrated. A statistical model for repeated measurements was used and adjusted for parents' educational level, sex, age, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). The significance level was p ≤ 0.01. In total, 1221 children completed the SDQ-S. SDQ-S scores were stable, and difficulties were relatively low. The control group had significantly lower SDQ-S scores than the intervention group at start, indicating fewer difficulties. The adjusted effect within the intervention schools showed a borderline significant increase in total difficulty scores between 2018 and 2019 (mean difference: 1.02, 95% CI: −1.82, −0.23, p ≤ 0.01). Educational level showed a weak negative correlation with total difficulty score (r = −0.1). No significant change was reported within the control schools. Few psychosocial health problems among 11- and 12-year-olds were detected. The borderline increase in total difficulty score that was seen for the intervention schools, is believed to be of limited clinical relevance.publishedVersio
The overlapping burden of the three leading causes of disability and death in sub-Saharan African children
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Artificial intelligence of medical things for disease detection using ensemble deep learning and attention mechanism
Get PDFIn this paper, we present a novel paradigm for disease detection. We build an artificial intelligence based system where various biomedical data are retrieved from distributed and homogeneous sensors. We use different deep learning architectures (VGG16, RESNET, and DenseNet) with ensemble learning and attention mechanisms to study the interactions between different biomedical data to detect and diagnose diseases. We conduct extensive testing on biomedical data. The results show the benefits of using deep learning technologies in the field of artificial intelligence of medical things to diagnose diseases in the healthcare decision-making process. For example, the disease detection rate using the proposed methodology achieves 92%, which is greatly improved compared to the higher-level disease detection models.publishedVersio
Introduction to the HICSS-55 Software Development for Mobile Devices, the Internet-of-Things, and Cyber-Physical Systems Minitrack
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Hvordan kan mellomledere fremme endringsprosesser i organisasjoner?
Get PDFDenne oppgaven handler om endringsledelse i konsulentbransjen i Norge. Bakgrunnen for dette temaet er at endringstakten i denne bransjen er økende, dette på grunn av endringer i forbruksmønstre, digitaliseringsprosesser, markedsbevegelser og konkurransevilkår. Blant annet har koronakrisen vært en katalysator for fornyelse og innovasjon i konsulentbransjen, og bransjen har aldri fått høyere score fra sine kunder. Med store endringer i markedet kan derfor virksomheter stå i fare for å endre seg saktere enn det omgivelsene krever, og må gjennomføre planlagte endringer. Når det gjennomføres endringer i organisasjoner kan det medføre usikkerhet og uforutsigbarhet blant ansatte, og det kan dermed oppstå motstand. Det vil derfor være hensiktsmessig at medarbeidere har en mellomleder som de kan snakke med og som de stoler på.
Målet med vår undersøkelse av konsulentselskapene Arribatec, Sopra Steria og Rejlers er derfor å skape en oversikt over hvordan mellomledere kan fremme endringsprosesser. På bakgrunn av dette kom vi frem til følgende problemstilling: Hvordan kan mellomledere fremme endringsprosesser i organisasjoner? For å svare best mulig på oppgavens problemstilling utviklet vi følgende forskningsspørsmål som omhandler menneskelige relasjoner som tillit, motivasjon og involvering:
1. Hvordan kan tillit mellom ansatte og mellomledere fremme endringsprosesser?
2. Hvordan kan motivasjon mellom ansatte og mellomledere fremme endringsprosesser?
3. Hvordan kan involvering mellom ansatte og mellomledere fremme endringsprosesser?
Funn fra vår kvalitative studie viser at mellommenneskelige forhold mellom ansatte og mellomledere har stor betydning for å fremme endringsprosesser i virksomheter. Mellommenneskelige forhold som tillit, motivasjon og involvering har stor påvirkning på endringer. På grunnlag av disse funnene har vi utviklet en figur som kan hjelpe mellomledere å fremme endringsprosesser
Leveraging Dynamic Capabilities for Digital Platform Innovation in the Private Equity Industry
Get PDFPurpose: Digital platforms have out-spun as a powerful tool of digital innovation in today’s competitive business environment. It is reported to disrupt nearly all industries – and to be an enabler of value creation and co-creation between both companies and industries. This master thesis was conducted with the purpose of building an understanding of how a private equity firm can leverage its dynamic capabilities to build and govern a digital platform. Although prior research argues the private equity industry to be a traditional industry with a more conservative approach to digital transformation, it is nevertheless bound to a shift toward digital innovations, such as digital platforms.
Methodology: This master thesis followed a qualitative research method with semi-structured interviews. The research objectives are carried out with an in-depth investigation of the dynamic capabilities theory in conjunction with the four phases of the platform lifecycles.
Results and analysis: The results and analysis found that through the dynamic capabilities of sensing, seizing, and transforming, the private equity firm was able to build, govern, and expand its digital platform regardless of its nearly non-existing experience in this field. This study demonstrates that when combined with the four phases of a digital platform life cycle, the theory of dynamic capabilities serves as a valuable framework for companies looking to broaden their exposure to new technological opportunities. The dynamic capabilities theory is beneficial for accelerating and capturing value through digital innovation. Based on the findings in this master thesis, it can be used as an enabler for sustaining competitive advantage
When managers believe technological ability is fixed
Get PDFDrawing from mindset theory, we predict that managers' fixed mindset about technological ability (FM-TA) will negatively influence the developmental support they provide to their employees and, in turn, their employees' engagement in digitalisation initiatives. Further, we predict that managers' FM-TA will have a disproportionate negative influence on female employees for whom negative stereotypes about technological ability exist. We test our hypotheses with two-wave field study data collected from 88 managers and 185 employees working in a Nordic banking institution. We find that managers' FM-TA relates negatively to their employees' experienced developmental support, and, in turn, their employees' efforts to approach new technology. Furthermore, our findings indicate that this negative, indirect relationship is more pronounced for female employees (estimate = −0.116, standard error [SE] = 0.052, p = 0.026) than male employees (estimate = −0.048, SE = 0.027, p = 0.071), although the interaction term (managers' FM-TA × employee gender) was not significant at the 95 percent confidence level (estimate = −0.266, SE = 0.0141, p = 0.058). Our study provides greater insight into the human resource management issues managers might have fostering employee engagement and inclusion in the digitalised workplace.acceptedVersio
Global, regional, and national burden of diseases and injuries for adults 70 years and older: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study
Get PDFObjectives To use data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) to estimate mortality and disability trends for the population aged ≥70 and evaluate patterns in causes of death, disability, and risk factors. Design Systematic analysis. Setting Participants were aged ≥70 from 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019. Main outcomes measures Years of life lost, years lived with disability, disability adjusted life years, life expectancy at age 70 (LE-70), healthy life expectancy at age 70 (HALE-70), proportion of years in ill health at age 70 (PYIH-70), risk factors, and data coverage index were estimated based on standardised GBD methods. Results Globally the population of older adults has increased since 1990 and all cause death rates have decreased for men and women. However, mortality rates due to falls increased between 1990 and 2019. The probability of death among people aged 70-90 decreased, mainly because of reductions in non-communicable diseases. Globally disability burden was largely driven by functional decline, vision and hearing loss, and symptoms of pain. LE-70 and HALE-70 showed continuous increases since 1990 globally, with certain regional disparities. Globally higher LE-70 resulted in higher HALE-70 and slightly increased PYIH-70. Sociodemographic and healthcare access and quality indices were positively correlated with HALE-70 and LE-70. For high exposure risk factors, data coverage was moderate, while limited data were available for various dietary, environmental or occupational, and metabolic risks. Conclusions Life expectancy at age 70 has continued to rise globally, mostly because of decreases in chronic diseases. Adults aged ≥70 living in high income countries and regions with better healthcare access and quality were found to experience the highest life expectancy and healthy life expectancy. Disability burden, however, remained constant, suggesting the need to enhance public health and intervention programmes to improve wellbeing among older adults.publishedVersio
Building Organizational Resilience Through Organizational Learning: A Systematic Review
Get PDFWith organizational environments becoming increasingly complex and volatile, the concept of “organizational resilience” has become the “new normal”. Organizational resilience is a complex and multidimensional concept which builds on the myriad of capabilities that an organization develops during its lifecycle. As learning is an inherent and essential part of these developments, it has become a central theme in literature on organizational resilience. Although organizational resilience and organizational learning are inherently interrelated, little is known of the dynamics of effective learning that may enhance organizational resilience. This study explores how to achieve organizational learning that can serve to promote organizational resilience. Our aim is to contribute to a more comprehensive knowledge of the relation between organizational resilience and organizational learning. We present the results of a systematic literature review to assess how organizational learning may make organizations more resilient. As both organizational resilience and organizational learning are topics of practical importance, our study offers a specifically targeted investigation of this relation. We examine the relevant literature on organizational learning and resilience, identifying core themes and the connection between the two concepts. Further, we provide a detailed description of data collection and analysis. Data were analyzed thematically using the qualitative research software NVivo. Our review covered 41 empirical, 12 conceptual and 6 literature review articles, all indicating learning as mainly linked to adaptation capabilities. However, we find that learning is connected to all three stages of resilience that organizations need to develop resilience: anticipation, coping, and adaptation. Effective learning depends upon appropriate management of experiential learning, on a systemic approach to learning, on the organizational ability to unlearn, and on the existence of the context that facilitates organizational learning.publishedVersio