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Analyse en retour d'expérience des aléas liés à la présence de carrières souterraines au sein d'une zone urbaine - Cas des « Carrières de l'Ouest » à Gagny (93)
No full textInternational audienceAnalyse en retour d'expérience des aléas liés à la présence de carrières souterraines au sein d'une zone urbaine - Cas des « Carrières de l'Ouest » à Gagny (93
Has the Spring 2020 lockdown modified the relationship between air pollution and COVID‐19 mortality in Europe?
No full textInternational audienceNo abstract availabl
Identification/Investigation of some Q-ACSM issues to ensure QA/QC of data for proper export for PMF analysis
No full textInternational audienc
Preserving Biodiversity and Reindustrializing France: an Autopsy of the Problem from the Perspective of Accidental Pollution Risks
No full textInternational audienceIndustry pollutes. This simple observation necessarily poses a problem for territories that intend to conduct a reindustrialization policy and preserve their biodiversity. As part of an internal exploratory study, INERIS approached this issue from the angle of accident risks, with three questions: 1/ If the main process accident scenarios (explosions, fires, toxic clouds) are taken into account in term of human consequences, one may wonder whether are not under-assessed / not assess at all regarding pollution. 2/ Following the logic of French methodological rules to produce achieve safety case, the hierarchy of ecosystem importance is a key parameter in the calculation of acceptability of a potential accident. The issue remains on the establishment of such Environmental scale: which ecosystem should be placed at the bottom of the importance scale, so that it is more permissible to pollute? Who makes such decisions today? On the basis of what knowledge? Within the framework of what legislation and regulatory practices? And what should be the right method and tools? 3/ Are we really prepared to deal with accidental pollution like Lubrizol in 2019 (www.aria.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/le-barpi/la-base-de-donnees-aria/) from a biodiversity perspective? Don't we tend to focus on prevention and, protection of people, without really knowing what to do to avoid and limit impacts on the ecosystems? Through an approach that combined an analysis of the literature on these issues (methods and orientations, theoretical reflections, accidentology) and a series of 21 interviews with key actors in France, the authors question a solution that seems better than the others, based on the notion of absorptive capacity/resilience of ecosystems. This approach would remain to be implemented for terrestrial ecosystems. This article presents the main steps of the demonstration
Numerical investigation of tunnelling effects on existing piles in structured clay
No full textInternational audienceTunnel construction may induce ground deformations and affect the adjacent pile foundations. Up to now, few studies have investigated the soil-tunnel-pile interaction in structured clay. In this study, an anisotropic structured clay model is implemented in the finite-difference code FLAC3D to investigate the effects of tunnelling on existing piles in structured clay. The model is first calibrated based on the oedometer and undrained triaxial tests for Shanghai structured clay. Then the numerical model and the modelling procedure are introduced and validated by simulating the centrifuge model tests of tunnelling adjacent to piles in remoulded kaolin clay. Thereafter, influences of clay anisotropy and structure on the existing piles due to tunnelling are investigated using the calibrated parameters for Shanghai structured clay. It is observed that the influence of clay structure on the shape of the deflection and bending moment of the pile is not significant. However, the introduction of the anisotropy and the adhesive mean stress may reduce the ground settlement while increasing the lateral soil movement at the tunnel axis depth, whereas the introduction of the bonding ratio may have the opposite effect. Moreover, introducing both the anisotropy and the soil structure will lead to the increase of pile moment
Sprays and diffusers as indoor air fresheners: Exposure and health risk assessment based on measurements under realistic indoor conditions
No full textInternational audienceNoncombustible air fresheners are indoor air emission sources of concern. The associated health risks should be better understood. Based on 15 products (4 sprays, 6 passive diffusers, and 5 active diffusers), the health risk assessment (HRA) approach was applied to a national use survey in France and to concentrations measured in an experimental house. The targeted substances included volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbonyls, and fine particles (PM2.5). Mean-use and reasonable worst-case generic scenarios were designed. No situation of concern occurred regarding chronic exposure associated with the mean use. Under the reasonable worst-case scenarios, the chronic risk could exceed selected health reference standards, mainly for acrolein (average inhaled concentration (AIC) up to 3.5 µg/m3), benzene (AIC up to 4 µg/m3), and limonene (AIC up to 8 mg/m3). The acute exposure, defined as a 1-h exposure, could exceed selected health standards, primarily for acrolein (up to 23 µg/m3) and formaldehyde (up to approximately 370 µg/m3). Furthermore, the 1-h average PM2.5 concentration, including ultrafine particles, could exceed 100 µg/m3, typically for sprays. These results suggest that the highest exposures should be reduced and, as such, that the emissions of the highest-emissivity products should be lowered
Repetitive exposure to low-intensity radiofrequency fields changes the sensitivity of TRPM8 to its antagonists
No full textInternational audienceThe involvement of TRPM8, the main cold-sensitive receptor, by injecting its specific antagonist, AMG2850,shows a decrease in body and peripheral temperatures in control animals (without RF exposure) while,injection of the antagonist AMG2850, did not induce a decrease in temperature in animals exposed to RF.This suggests that the TRPM8 receptors of the exposed animals are no longer sensitive to the antagonistafter exposure to RF The objective of the present study was to investigate the specificity of the antagonist onTRPM8 effect, the impact of RF on thermal receptors TRPM2, TRPM5, TRPV1, TRPV4, on thermogenic366organs (white fat, liver, thyroid…) and on thermoregulatory biomolecular pathways
Expertise en vue de la fixation de valeurs limites d’exposition à des agents chimiques en milieu professionnelÉvaluation des indicateurs biologiques d’exposition en vue de la recommandation de valeurs limites biologiques et de valeurs biologiques de référence pour l’oxyde de styrène (n° CAS 96-09-3): Avis de l’AnsesRapport d’expertise collective
No full textCitation suggérée : Anses. (2022). Évaluation des indicateurs biologiques d’exposition en vue de la recommandation de valeurs limites biologiques et de valeurs biologiques de référence pour le trichloroéthylène (n° CAS 79-01-6). (saisine 2013-SA-0105). Maisons-Alfort : Anses, 114 p.On 12 June 2007, AFSSET, which became ANSES in July 2010, was requested by the Directorate General for Labour (DGT) to carry out the necessary assessment for setting occupational exposure limits for styrene oxide. France does not currently have any occupational exposure limits for styrene oxide. The DGT asked the Agency to propose occupational exposure limits based on health considerations.The Agency thus assessed the available data to decide on the relevance of recommending the monitoring of one or more biomarkers and to establish, where appropriate, biological values for the biological monitoring of occupational exposure to styrene oxide.L’Afsset, devenue ANSES en juillet 2010, a été saisie le 12 juin 2007 par la direction générale du travail (DGT) afin de mener les travaux d’expertise nécessaires à la fixation de valeurs limites d’exposition professionnelle (VLEP) pour une vingtaine de substances dont l’oxyde de styrène. La France ne dispose à ce jour d’aucune VLEP pour l’oxyde de styrène. Ainsi la DGT a demandé à l’agence de proposer des valeurs basées sur des considérations sanitaires.Suite à l’analyse des données de la littérature et face à la difficulté de recommander des valeurs atmosphériques, il a été jugé plus pertinent de démarrer les travaux par l’évaluation des indicateurs biologiques de l’oxyde de styrène et d’établir le cas échéant des valeurs biologiques pour une surveillance des expositions à l’oxyde de styrène en milieu professionnel
