Psichologija
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Nevilties lygis, nuostatos savižudybių atžvilgiu ir suicidinė rizika
Get PDFObjectives: There is a substantial level of evidence that affirmative attitudes towards suicide are connected to suicidality (suicide ideation, suicide attempts and completed suicide). Hopelessness is proved to be one of the best available predictors of the suicide risk. A hypothesis that attitudes can serve as mediating variable between hopelessness and suicidality was proposed in recent studies (Gibb et al., 2006). The main aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that interaction between attitudes towards suicide and hopelessness will be a better predictor of suicidality than hopelessness.Methods: Different aspects of attitudes towards suicide and suicidality were measured with Questionnaire on Attitudes Towards Suicide (ATTS). Hopelessness level was assessed with Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). The study was conducted in the sample of Lithuanian army conscripts (N = 368) aged between 18 and 26 (mean age was 20.46; SD = 1.29).Results: Suicidality index significantly correlated both with hopelessness (r = .45, p < .01) and various aspects of attitudes towards suicide. The strongest correlation was between acceptance of suicide and suicidality index (r = .36, p < .01), but we have also found significant correlations between five other aspects of attitudes and suicidality. Significant correlations between hopelessness and various aspects of attitudes towards suicide were found. Variables using hierarchical stepwise model were entered into multiple regression model. Hopelessness accounted for 21.1% of suicidality variance. Attitudes towards suicide, added into regression model on second step, increased prediction of suicidality to 34.2%.Conclusions: Results of this study show that different aspects of attitudes towards suicide correlate with the suicide risk. Correlation between hopelessness and suicidality was confirmed as well. Finally, the results indicate that attitudes towards suicide are significant predictors of suicide risk. Interaction of attitudes towards suicide and hopelessness predicts suicide risk better than hopelessness. Results of present study have confirmed, that attitudes towards suicide are significant mediators between hopelessness and suicidality.Remdamiesi ankstesnių tyrimų rezultatais keliame prielaidą, kad nuostatos savižudybių atžvilgiu yra svarbus kintamasis įvertinant savižudybės riziką (suicidiškumą) – nevilties lygis ir nuostatos savižudybių atžvilgiu geriau prognozuoja tiriamųjų savižudybės riziką negu tik nevilties lygis. Hipotezė yra tikrinama jaunų vyrų, atliekančių privalomąją karinę tarnybą, imtyje (N = 368). Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad įvairūs nuostatų savižudybių atžvilgiu aspektai ir nevilties lygis yra reikšmingai susiję su tiriamųjų suicidiškumu. Stipriausiai su suicidiškumu koreliavo savižudybės priimtinumas (r = 0,36, p < 0,01). Taikant hierarchinę daugiamatę regresiją nustatyta, kad nevilties lygis prognozuoja 21,1 proc. suicidiškumo kintamojo variacijos, o nevilties lygis kartu su nuostatomis savižudybės atžvilgiu – 34,2 proc. Gauti rezultatai patvirtino prielaidą, kad nevilties lygio ir nuostatų savižudybių atžvilgiu sąveika vyrų suicidiškumą prognozuoja geriau, negu nevilties lygis atskirai
Žmogaus piešinio testo psichometrinių rodiklių analizė
No full textThe present study investigated whether Human Figure Drawings (HFD) can be considered as valid and reliable devices to assess intellectual abilities as well as the emotional adjustment in the practice of child psychologists. HFD are most popular of all drawing techniques often included in test batteries as relatively short, easy-to-administer, friendly and non-threatening measures. Contradictory empirical evidence concerning their psychometric properties is presented with the aim to overcome the gap between large scale of practical use and a relatively small amount of scientific investigations. Draw-A-Person: A Quantitative Scoring System (DAP: QSS) and Draw-A-Person: Screening Procedure for Emotional Disturbance (DAP: SPED) created by Naglieri J. and colleagues were chosen as the most modern and objective scoring systems in regard to other HFD. Both techniques and WISC-IIILT were administered to a clinical sample consisting of 95 children aged 6–16 with emotional/behavioural disturbances and 70 children without clinical disturbances closely matched for the age and gender criteria. T-test, correlations, discriminant and exploratory factor analysis were applied for data analysis. Results suggest that DAP:QSS shortly meets standards of concurrent validity with WISC-IIILT as it was found no statistically significant correlations with the scores of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IIILT (p > 0.05). A additionally, noncognitive factors – liking to draw and clinical disturbance – can cause biased results of the assessment of intellectual abilities when using DAP: QSS: liking to draw correlates with the higher results as compared to WISC-IIILT scores, while intellectual abilities of the children with clinical disturbance were underestimated (p = 0.00). Standard error of estimation appeared to be higher when using DAP: QSS than WISC-IIILT. The total score of Draw-A-Person:Screening Procedure for Emotional Disturbance was significantly higher in the clinical sample (p = 0.00). It proves the validity of this instrument to screen the children for emotional maladjustment but the cases of false-negative screening cast doubt about its strength. Both devices showed good reliability (internal consistency as well as inter-scorer).Tyrimu siekta empiriškai patikrinti Žmogaus piešinio: Kiekybinio įvertinimo sistemos (ŽP: KĮS) ir Žmogaus piešinio: Emocinių problemų atrankos procedūros (ŽP: EPAP) psichometrines savybes. Mokslinių publikacijų šia tema Lietuvoje ir užsienyje yra gerokai mažiau negu yra ŽP naudojimo poreikis. Ištirti 165 vaikai / paaugliai (klinikinę grupę sudarė 95 tiriamieji, jiems būdingi įvairūs elgesio / emociniai sutrikimai, palyginamąją grupę – 70 vaikų / paauglių). Rezultatai liudija silpną konkurencinį ŽP: KĮS validumą palyginus su jei Wechslerio vaikų intelekto skale IIILT. ŽP ir WISC-IIILT rezultatai klinikinėje grupėje labai skiriasi: kai vaikas mėgsta piešti, jo intelekto lygis (įvertintas atsižvelgiant į piešinius) priskiriamas aukštesnei klasifikacijai nei nurodo WISC-IIILT rezultatai; jei nemėgsta piešti – stebėta atvirkštinė tendencija. Tarpgrupinis rezultatų palyginimas atskleidė, kad projekcinės metodikos ŽP: EPAP požymių visuma leidžia diferencijuoti abiejų grupių tiriamųjų piešinius, tačiau 61 proc. klinikinės imties vaikų piešinių buvo įvertinti blogesniais balais, negu yra įvertinamas ryškus emocinių problemų lygis. Pastebėta, kad ŽP metodikos patikimumas yra aukštas
Motinų jautrumo kūdikio signalams ir asmenybės savybių sąsajos
Get PDFThis study explored relations between maternal sensitivity and personality traits. Maternal sensitivity refers to a mother’s ability to perceive and to interpret accurately the signals and communications implicit in her infant’s behavior, and given this understanding, to respond to them appropriately and promptly. Maternal sensitivity is of fundamental importance to the development of a secure attachment and also to the further life of the child. Though attachment theory states that a mother’s attachment representations are the principal determinant of maternal sensitivity, the ecological perspective proposes that contextual variables also can affect maternal sensitivity and the relationship between the mother and her child. One of the explored contextual variables in this perspective is mothers’ psychological characteristics, but data in this realm are inconsistent. Inasmuch as psychological traits influence interactions with others, they also may play a role in the early mother–infant interaction and may influence some aspects of maternal sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to determine how maternal sensitivity is related to her personality traits (i.e. introversion / extraversion, adjustment to reality, accuracy of perception, interest in people, and emotionality). Thirty-two mother-infant dyads participated in the study; all infants were firstborns. Maternal sensitivity was assessed using the observation technique (Ainsworth’s Maternal Sensitivity Scale). The Rorschach inkblot test was used for evaluation of mothers’ personality traits. The type of experience (i.e. introversion/extraversion), adjustment to reality, the accuracy of perception, emotionality and interest in people were evaluated. The results suggest that maternal sensitivity is related to her type of experience: mothers that are introverted, are more sensitive to their infant’s signals. Our data also suggest that sensitive mothers tend to appreciate more social standards, they could be better socially adjusted and have more adequate contact with reality than insensitive mothers. Also, sensitive mothers’ evaluations of creativity, the accuracy of perception and concentration of attention tend to be higher than those of insensitive mothers. Data of our study did not confirm any relationship between maternal sensitivity and her emotionality evaluation.Straipsnyje nagrinėjama, ar motinų jautrumas kūdikio signalams susijęs su asmenybės savybėmis, turinčiomis įtakos bendravimui su aplinkiniais. Tyrime dalyvavo 32 motinos su savo 6 mėnesių pirmagimiais. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, jog introverčių motinų jautrumo įverčiai statistiškai reikšmingai didesni negu ekstraverčių. Taip pat nustatėme, jog jautrių kūdikio signalams motinų grupės socialinės adaptacijos, konvencionalumo ir kūrybiškumo rodikliai aukštesni nei patekusiųjų į nejautrių motinų grupę. Pastarųjų realybės indeksas, vertinant H. Rorschacho metodika, buvo mažesnis, palyginti su jautrių motinų grupės. Rezultatai taip pat rodo, kad jautrių motinų empatijos, domėjimosi žmonėmis ir tapatinimosi su jais įverčiai aukštesni, jų suvokimas tikslesnis, dėmesio koncentracija geresnė. Motinų jautrumo kūdikio signalams ir emocingumo įverčių sąsajos nėra statistiškai reikšmingos
Elgesio sutrikimų turinčių paauglių ego funkcijos ir jų ryšys su įveikos strategijomis
Get PDFEgo is one of the fundamental formations of personality, which secures inner and outer adaptation. Its role must be very strong in adolescence when a person must adjust with various inner and outer demands. Adaptation of adolescents with conduct disorders is largely dysfunctional, that’s why we raise a question about suchlike teenager’s Ego functions and their interconnection with coping strategies (which determines adaptation to external requirements). 38 adolescents with conduct disorders and 35 healthy adolescents participated in this research. Age of participants was from 14 to 16 years. Teenagers for the research were screened by using Youth Self Report Questionnaire (YSR11/18) (Achenbach and Rescorla, 2001). Ego functions (relations with objects, control of affects and impulses, defensive functioning, synthetic – integrative functioning) were evaluated using clinical interview for the assessment of Ego functions (Bellak et al., 1973). Coping strategies were evaluated with COPE questionnaire (Carver et al., 1989). The research data showed that Ego functions of teenagers with conduct disorders are more disturbed than Ego functions of healthy ones (p < 0.01), especially this is noticeable on the control of affects and impulses. Only two Ego functions of adolescents with conduct disorder are statistically correlated: object relations and synthetic-integrative functioning; while all Ego functions of healthy adolescents have statistically significant correlations. However after the comparison of correlative matrixes we found no statistically significant differences between those matrixes (χ2 = 10.1794, df = 6, p = 0.1173). Adolescents with conduct disorders are applying two less adaptive coping strategies regularly: behavioral disengagement (p = 0.001) and alcohol – drug disengagement (p < 0.001). Also they are using one emotion-focused coping strategy denial (p < 0.05). Healthy adolescents are applying two problem-focused coping strategies regularly: active coping (p < 0.05) and restraint coping (p < 0.05). They also are using emotion-focused coping strategy positive reinterpretation and growth (p < 0.05). Ailing teenagers are using less adaptive coping strategies more often (p < 0.05). The research showed, that coping strategies (problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping and less adaptive coping) are related with one of Ego functions-defensive functioning (teenagers with conduct disorders R = 0.619, R² = 0.383, p = 0.001; healthy adolescents R = 0.605, R² = 0.366, p = 0.002). This once more shows us that these psychological processes are closely related to each other and that adaptation needs interaction between conscious and unconscious processes. Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos elgesio sutrikimų turinčių paauglių Ego funkcijos (ryšiai su objektais, impulsų ir afektų kontrolė, gynybinis bei sintetinis integracinis funkcionavimas) ir jų ryšys su įveikos strategijomis. Tyrime dalyvavo 38 turintys elgesio sutrikimų ir 35 sveiki paaugliai. Elgesio sutrikimų turinčių tiriamųjų Ego funkcijos tarpusavyje yra mažai susijusios (gauta koreliacija tarp ryšių su objektais ir sintetinio integracinio funkcionavimo, r = 0,39), sveikų tiriamųjų visos Ego funkcijos yra susijusios. Elgesio sutrikimų turintys paaugliai dažniau naudoja mažiau adaptyvią įveiką. Tiek turinčių elgesio sutrikimų, tiek sveikų paauglių gynybinis funkcionavimas yra susijęs su įveikos būdais
Psichologinio laiko klausimynas: psichometrinės charakteristikos
No full textThe psychological time – rather complicated area of psychological measurement due to complexity of object, ambiguity of the concepts, the lack of solid model and valid measurement method. The most researchers of this area stimulates the creation of the new methods of psychological time measurement, the individual differences are emphasized, which are linked with cultural, ethnics, religious peculiarities of society, prevailing system of values and even with economical level. The aim of the study is to create the psychological time questionnaire using empirical strategy. Questionnaire had been created in two phases. There were 119 statements in the first version. Statements were formulated on the basis of previous experience of investigations and psychological time parameters that were mentioned in scientific literature. Primal research had been accomplished after questioning 254 participants. By the mean of factorial analysis there were distinguished 29 questions, which comprised 6 scales: Time planning, Work time / leisure mixture, Time anxiety, Orientation to the past, Orientation to the future and Orientation to the present. 6 factors that were distinguished explained 55% of the variance. Cronbach alpha of distinguished scales varies from 0.602 (in the scale of Orientation to the present) to 0.812 (in the Work time / leisure mixture scale) 687 participants attended in the second research. 6 distinguished factors explain 57.86% of variance. After new obtained data had been analyzed, 4 meaningfully indiscreet factors were noticed. The first factor shows bewilderment of work time and leisure time areas, second factor – predisposition to plan time, and the third – time anxiety. Whereas in the fourth factor alongside the statements about the past, one factor, which is associated with the future appears. The statements, related with the orientation to the future, fall to the fifth factor, but there appears the statement of time anxiety and the statement “I often plan the future” fall into this factor with negative load. The sixth factor again has clearly predictable meaning – orientation to the present.So, we decided to remove two statements. Confirmative factorial analysis that was performed showed that propositions (statements) for the scales are selected adequately (χ2 = 1387.689, df = 309, p = .00, CFI = .84, TLI = .89, RMSEA = .07). The internal consistency indices of the final version of the scale are better than the first scale. Cronbach alpha varies from 0.657 (Orientation to the future) to 0.863 (Work time/leisure time mixture).Straipsnyje pristatomas lietuviškas Psichologinio laiko klausimynas, sudarytas naudojant empirinę skalių konstravimo strategiją. Klausimynas kurtas dviem etapais. Pirmame etape, surinkus 254 tiriamiesiems pateiktų 119 teiginių vertinimus, faktorinės analizės būdu išskirti 29 teiginiai, kurie sudarė 6 faktorius: Laiko planavimo, Darbo laiko / laisvalaikio susimaišymo, Nerimo dėl laiko, Orientacijos į praeitį, Orientacijos į ateitį bei Orientacijos į dabartį. Išskirtų Cronbach alpha reikšmės varijuoja nuo 0,602 (Orientacijos į dabartį skalė) iki 0,812 (Darbo laiko / laisvalaikio susimaišymas). Antrame etape dalyvavo 687 tiriamieji. Išanalizavus naujai surinktus duomenis pastebėta, kad prasmingai vienalyčiai yra 4 faktoriai. Todėl buvo nuspręsta atsisakyti 2 teiginių. Atlikta patvirtinamoji faktorinė analizė parodė, kad teiginiai parinkti pakankamai adekvačiai (χ2 = 1387,689, df = 309, p = 0,00, CFI = 0,84, TLI = 0,89, RMSEA = 0,07). Galutinio skalės varianto vidinio suderinamumo rodikliai kiek geresni nei pirmosios skalės. Cronbach alpha reikšmės svyruoja nuo 0,657 (Orientacija į ateitį) iki 0,863 (Darbo laiko / laisvalaikio susimaišymas)
Lėtinėmis ligomis sergančių ir sveikų suaugusiųjų sveikatos kontrolės lokuso ir vidinės darnos ypatumai
No full textThe main purpose of this research was to analyse the peculiarities of Health Locus of Control and Sense of Coherence (SOC) among adults suffering from chronic diseases. The survey was held in 2004–05. Among 378 participants aged 20–60 years, 174 had chronic diseases and 204 were healthy. Adults having chronic diseases were on hospital treatment in neurology, nephrology, cardiology and other departments. The survey was held with each participant individually.Methods:1. „Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale“ (MHLC), by K. Wallston (1978).2. „Orientation to Life Questionnaire“, by A. Antonovsky (1987).Hypotheses:1. Adults suffering from chronic diseases have a higher index of external Health Locus of Control and of lower Sense of Coherence than healthy ones.2. The Health Locus of Control is connected with the Sense of Coherence and its three dimensions.The results confirmed both hypotheses. They showed that adults suffering from chronic diseases have a lower Sense of Coherence (p < 0.01) and are inclined to put responsibility for their health on external factors such as Chance (p < 0.01) and Powerful Others (p < 0.01). There was a statistically significant correlation between the Health Locus of Control and Sense of Coherence dimensions and the general level (p < 0.05).The general level of Sense of Coherence is connected with Internality (one of the dimensions of Health Locus of Control) (p < 0.05), and has a negative relation to Chance (p < 0.01) and Powerful Other (p < 0.01).The investigation contributes, both theoretically and practically, to forming the internal Health Locus of Control for adults suffering from chronic diseases, enhancing the inner Sense of Coherence in order to improve health and activate the recovery process. It would be relevant to continue the investigation by analysing subscales of both Health Locus of Control and Sense of Coherence in the context of the disease process, differentiating participants by disease types.Šiame straipsnyje analizuojami lėtinėmis ligomis sergančių suaugusiųjų sveikatos kontrolės lokuso rodikliai, vidinės darnos komponentai ir vidinės darnos lygis. Naudojant K. Wallston su bendraautoriais „Daugiamatę sveikatos kontrolės lokuso skalę“ (1978) ir A. Antonovsky „Gyvenimo orientacijos anketą“ (1987), buvo ištirti 378 suaugusieji (iš jų 174 sergantys ir 204, kuriems nėra diagnozuota lėtinė liga). Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad sveikų suaugusiųjų vidinės darnos lygis yra aukštesnis nei sergančiųjų, o sergantieji lėtinėmis ligomis atsakomybę už savo sveikatą labiau linkę priskirti išoriniams veiksniams. Taip pat nustatytas ryšys tarp suaugusiųjų sveikatos kontrolės lokuso rodiklių bei vidinės darnos komponentų ir vidinės darnos lygio
Tautybė ir kalba trijų tautinių grupių sankryžoje
No full textThis study asked the question: what role do language and ethnic-cultural background play in perception of similarity amongst members of three ethnic groups: Lithuanians, Russians, and Poles in Vilnius, Lithuania. Based on the results of the classic studies of Taylor et al. (1973) and Giles et al. (1976) it was predicted that language would have a powerful consolidating effect on each respective ethnic group, but especially the two minority groups: Russians and Poles. Ethnic-cultural background would also draw people closer together, but less visibly so. It was also expected that the two factors would show interaction. Forty Lithuanian students from Vilnius University and 25 of each Lithuanian, Russian, and Polish students from Vilnius area high-schools participated in the study. The groups were about evenly divided in terms of gender. The study utilized the methodological technique of multidimensional scaling (MDS). The participants were first presented with labels (descriptions) of people living in Lithuania. The labels incorporated reference to one of three ethnic groups (Lithuanians, Russians, and Poles) and one of three spoken languages (Lithuanian, Russian, and Polish). Crossing the three ethnic descriptions with the three languages produced nine labels (e.g., A Pole living in Lithuania who speaks Russian, A Lithuanian living in Lithuania who speaks Polish, etc.), to which the label MYSELF, a reference to one’s own person, was added to serve as an anchor point in relation to the other labels. All told, then, the participants were exposed to ten labels. After viewing the labels, the participants were given a booklet in which the ten labels were presented as pairs in all possible combinations (e.g., A Lithuanian living in Lithuania who speaks Lithuanian: A Russian living in Lithuania who speaks Lithuanian, etc.). This time they were asked to leaf through the booklet and to evaluate each of the paired labels for their degree of similarity by circling the appropriate value on a nine-point rating scale. The value of one signified that the paired labels were “very different”, and nine that they were “very similar”. The results were analyzed by first computing the mean similarity values for each of the paired label combinations. The resulting matrix of mean values was then subjected to an MDS analysis. In the case of Lithuanian participants, it is clear that language exerts a potent effect on drawing people closer together. Not only did the participants see other Lithuanians who spoke Lithuanian as being very similar to them, but they also saw Russians and Poles who spoke Lithuanian as moving in their direction. Overlap in ethnicity likewise enhanced the experience of similarity, but this was only true for high-school students. There is also noticeable interaction such that, for instance, the same language might draw Russians and Poles towards the Lithuanian side, but their different ethnicity would still keep them at bay. The results for the Polish participants were similar to those of the Lithuanian group, but only selectively so. They also perceived language and ethnicity as enhancing the experience of similarity, but this occurred only in relationship to the Lithuanian group. They saw Russians in terms of both language and ethnicity as essentially similar to themselves. The Russian participants present a more complex picture. The Russian men and women showed different reaction patterns to the role of language and ethnicity. Generally, Russians seem to place greater emphasis on ethnicity than language as a binding variable. Otherwise, their response patterns were marked by pervasive interaction.Šiame tyrime buvo žvelgiama į trijų Vilniuje gyvenančių tautinių grupių: lietuvių, rusų ir lenkų, tautinės savimonės sąsają su tautybe ir kalba. Tiriant dalyvavo Vilniaus universiteto studentai lietuviai bei Vilniaus mieste gyvenantys lietuviai, rusai ir lenkai, moksleiviai. Tyrimas buvo atliktas pasitelkus daugiamačių skalių metodiką. Dalyviams buvo pateikti Lietuvoje gyvenančių žmonių apibūdinimai, apimantys trijų tautybių asmenis: lietuvius, rusus ir lenkus, kalbančius viena iš trijų kalbų: lietuvių, rusų ir lenkų, bei kategorija „Aš pats“. Iš viso buvo dešimt apibūdinimų. Atliekant tyrimą, dalyviams knygutėse buvo pateiktos dešimties apibūdinimų porinės kombinacijos, pvz., „lenkas, gyvenantis Lietuvoje ir kalbantis lenkiškai: Aš pats.“ Dalyviai buvo prašomi visas poras įvertinti pagal panašumą pagal 9 balų skalę, kur 1 balas reiškė „labai skiriasi“, o 9 balai – „labai panašūs“. Rasta, kad lietuvių jaunimo tarpusavio artumo išgyvenimą ypač skatina lietuvių kalbos mokėjimas. Taip pat matyti tautybės ir kalbos sąveika. Rusų jaunimas vertina savo tautybę ir kalbą, bet yra atviras ir lietuviškumo poveikiui. Lenkų jaunimas save sieja su lenkų tautybe ir kalba, bet taip pat rodo aiškų priešiškumą lietuviškumui
Seržantų situacinio atrankos testo kūrimas
No full textThe role of sergeants in military units is important as they are officers who deal with soldiers and are responsible for their wellbeing and military preparedness. Sergeants can be set for a variety of duties, therefore different kinds of personality traits and abilities are required. In Lithuania, sergeant selection is based on education, health report and reference letter. So there is no appropriate psychological criterion for the selection of sergeants. The purpose of the present research was to identify criteria of selection of leaders of small army units (section and squad) as well as develop a situational test for their psychological selection and testing their psychometric characteristics. The situational test was based on the leadership criterion. The total number of 369 respondents – soldiers, leaders of sections, leaders of squads and their supervisors – participated in the research. A job analysis questionnaire based on the evaluation of interviewdata and on job descriptions for section and squad leaders was developed, as well as a questionnaire for rating the attributes possessed by good leaders of small army units was compiled. Afterwards, one more questionnaire was made, in which the importance of the chosen attributes was assessed by linking them to the most important tasks of section and squad leaders. Factor analysis of data resulted in five selection criteria: target-oriented behaviour, leadership, military discipline, interpersonal competence, dutifulness. Within the initial version of the situational test, an interview with section and squad leaders and their supervisors was conducted. There were 29 problematic situations selected from their job. Experts assessed the relevance and difficulty of these situations. Finally, 15 situations were selected for the initial version of the situational test. Then the evaluation of test score reliability and concurrent validity was made. The level of difficulty and discriminative characteristics of each test item (problematic situation) was evaluated as well. Test score reliability and concurrent validity were significant (p < 0.01). Eleven situations were of sufficient difficulty and discriminative power level. The concurrent validity of the test was assessed after making some corrections by excluding four situations, and it was significant (p < 0.01).Tyrimo tikslas – išskirti seržantų psichologinės atrankos kriterijus ir sukurti situacinio atrankos testo pirminį variantą. Iš viso tyrime dalyvavo 369 tiriamieji – kariai, seržantai (skyrininkai, būrininkai, kuopininkai) ir būrių vadai. Remiantis pirmojo tyrimų etapo duomenų analize išskirti penki seržantų atrankos kriterijai, vienam iš jų – lyderiavimui – nutarta kurti situacinį testą. Išskyrus problemines seržantų darbo situacijas, įvertintas jų aktualumas ir sunkumas (į pirminį testo variantą įtraukta 15 užduočių). Paskui atlikta užduočių sunkumo ir skiriamosios gebos statistinė analizė, įvertintas situacinio testo vertintojų patikimumas ir sutapimo validumas. Gauti rezultatai parodė, kad seržantų atrankos situacinio testo pirminis variantas pasižymi pakankamu patikimumu ir sutapimo validumu. Pakoregavus sudarytą situacinį testą (pašalinus 4 situacijas), taip pat nustatytas pakankamas jo sutapimo validumas