Literatūra
Not a member yet
1383 research outputs found
Sort by
XIX a. Mažosios Lietuvos įvaizdis Jodocus’o Donatus’o Hubertus’o Temme’ės romane Anna Jogszis
Get PDFIn his novel Anna Jogszis (1856), the German lawyer and writer Jodocus Donatus Hubertus Temme (1798–1881) represents Lithuania Minor in the 19th century. Lithuania Minor was a multicultural boundary region. J. D. H. Temme describes Lithuanian culture, relationship among Lithuanians, Germans, Russians, and Jews. The main aim of this article is to discover the image of Lithuania Minor in Temme’s novel.Temme states that freedom, humanity, cultural memory are important for every nation. For Temme’s novel, the Lithuanian national spirit is important. The human spirit of his personages is described not so precisely. The author also represented the frontier of Prussia and Russia, the behaviour of custom officials, smuggling. For the Lithuanian image ofthe 19th century, the inferiority complex, loyalty to power in the Kingdom of Prussia, lack of tolerance to other nations, insufficient attention to the Lithuanian historical and cultural past are characteristic. Lithuania Minor needed a national rebirth, civic society, which were the only way to resist Germanisation. The killer of Jews Anna Jogszis was a crisis’ personality and could be interpreted as a symbol of the endangered national spirit in Lithuania Minor. Temme’s novel Anna Jogszis could be used as a historical source for the research of East Prussia’s multicultural identity.Šiandien Rytų Prūsijos nebėra, tačiau jos egzistencija tebetrunka lietuvių ir vokiečių kultūrinėje atmintyje. Lietuviams šis kraštas yra atminties vieta, simbolizuojanti lietuviškosios kultūros pradžią. Šiandien Lietuvos kultūrinė atmintis nebeatspindi sudėtingos to meto realybės. Mažosios Lietuvos kultūra buvo ne homogeniška, o daugiakultūrė, tai buvo paribio erdvė, kuriai buvo būdinga lietuvininkų ir vokiečių kultūros samplaika. [...
Lietuviškosios religinės tapatybės raiškos užuomazgos ir jų ženklai XVII amžiaus LDK poezijoje: M. K. Sarbievijaus religinės tematikos tekstai
Get PDFThe subject-matter of this research is a Latin religious poetry written at the 17th century, primarily by Jesuit authors, in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The texts analysed in the paper are seen as important to the further formation of Lithuanian religious identity and its poetical expression. It is possible to trace the influence of some Baroque Latin texts, especially of those written by M. C. Sarbievius (Sarbiewski), the most popular Latin poet in Lithuania through following centuries, on the religious poetry of the 19th century. Some topics, as presented in the later religious texts and often being explained as a mere reflection of Romantic discourse, seem to be derived from the baroque expression
Religinė ir pilietinė tapatybė LDK Apšvietos pamoksluose
Get PDFThe second half of the 18th century in the Republic of the Two Nations witnessed an active shaping of identity of a person that was determined to a large extent by the European cultural, social trends and dramatic political situation of the State.An important factor shaping the identity of the Enlightenment person was the system of education, aimed to nurture Christian and civic values, awareness of contemporary problems and thorough preparation of a person to fulfil the commitments of his class. As the secular trends in Europe were increasingly growing, the Enlightenment in the Republic of the Two Nations manifested itself as an epoch strengthening the traditional Christian values. Without questioning the fundamental truths of the revealed religion, the efforts were made to rationalize certain church practices and to encourage more conscious confession of faith.Sermons of the second half of the 18th century actively considered the issue of status and rights of the lower classes (in the first place – of the villeinage peasants) and the reasoning for recognising them as “citizens” (namely the economic reasoning, relating to the importance of the labour and patriotic reasoning during the T. Kościuszko revolt).After the third division of the Republic, the issue of civic identity was complicated for all classes, irrespective of their position in the society. This tension was particularly emphasized in the addresses made for this occasion
Moderniųjų jausmų sociogenezė: meilė ir draugystė Miguelio de Cervanteso “Don Kichote” ir Williamo Shakespeare’o “Romeo ir Džuljetoje”
Get PDFWilliam Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet” reveals modern feelings – love and friendship – and their sociogenesis. Love and friendship emerge here as the feelings of a modern person. “Don Quixote of La Mancha”, the great novel by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, to this day keeps providing new insights and hot moral and philosophical issues for debate. “Don Quixote” is closely related to the great paradoxes of life: how to sustain our moral code in a world where morality is vanishing; how to sustain noble-mindedness and noble behaviour in a world that mocks and despises an individual precisely because he tries to sustain such behaviour. The novel depicts a dramatic crossroads of two epochs – the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of modern times. In doing so, it offers philosophical, moral and political implications for societal existence: the loss of the moral code of chivalry and the end of medieval idealism. The psychogenesis and sociogenesis of the most intimate aspects of human exchanges – love and friendship – is approached, in the article, from the perspective of the history of consciousness
Cicerono santykis su graikais ir jų kultūra
Get PDFIn this article certain aspects of the following problems are discussed: Cicero’s controversial attitude to the Greeks; the traits of the Greek national character as portrayed in Cicero’s works, as well as Cicero’s ambivalent appreciation of the Greek art and literature.The principle of odi et amo clearly shows itself in Cicero’s attitude to the Greeks, both his contemporaries and the ancients, their art and literature. Cicero felt he owed an enormous debt to his Greek education, considering himself as an inheritor of their culture, and yet he denounced it at every opportunity and tried to emphasise the superiority of the Roman ancestors against the Greeks. He greatly appreciated Greek literature and yet he wished he could manage without it, because the Greek literary standards made him aware of what Roman literature should be.The main national traits ascribed to the Greeks in Cicero’s speeches ant letters are the lack of trustworthiness (fides), unreliability (levitas), and vanity (vanitas) as opposed to the Roman dignity (dignitas) and gravity (gravitas).We argue that in evaluating Cicero’s attitude to the Greeks it is especially important to take into account the genre of those Cicero’s works from which we derive our knowledge about his views. His speeches as well as his treatises are intended for the public audience, so the author tries to portray himself in accordance with the public expectations, while his private correspondence, especially the letters to Atticus, reveals his personal views, not restricted by the public opinion. As we have shown in this article, in his speeches Cicero tries to conceal his expertise in the Greek art and literature, as this would not fit his Roman dignity. On the other hand, in his private life, as it appears from his letters to Atticus, he eagerly seeks pieces of Greek art to decorate his villas.This seeming inconsistency of Cicero’s views, however, can be partly explained as follows. It is to be borne in mind that Cicero’s criterion for the selection of the Greek statues is neither their artistic value nor the renown of the sculptor, but their suitability for the particular place they are intended to decorate. This principle of suitability for the purpose (decorum, aptum, pV#pon) is also claimed by Cicero to be one of the fundamentals of the art of rhetoric (Cic. Or. 70; De orat. III. 210). In another words, the selection and the functional application of the Greek pieces of art in his villas have the purpose to reveal the same Roman dignity, which Cicero declares in his speeches
