Acta Orientalia Vilnensia
Not a member yet
34531 research outputs found
Sort by
Beyond Neurotrophins: A Proposed Neurotrophic-Epigenetic Axis Mediated by Non-Coding RNA Networks for Hericium erinaceus Bioactives-A Hypothesis-Driven Review
No full textHericium erinaceus (H. erinaceus), a medicinal mushroom, is a source of bioactive compounds with demonstrated neuroprotective potential. This activity is primarily attributed to two distinct classes of compounds: erinacines from the mycelium, which potently induce the synthesis of neurotrophins, protein growth factors essential for neuronal survival and health, and hericenones from the fruiting body, which subsequently appear to enhance or potentiate neurotrophin-activated signaling pathways. Preclinical evidence substantiates their ability to enhance neurotrophin levels, particularly Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), and activate their cognate Trk receptors. Activation of these pathways, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/ERK, converges on transcription factors such as CREB, promoting neuronal survival, neurite outgrowth, and synaptic plasticity. However, the precise molecular mechanisms linking these small molecules to the complex orchestration of neurotrophic gene expression remain incompletely defined. This review synthesizes current knowledge of the neurotrophic pharmacology of H. erinaceus bioactives and proposes a novel framework suggesting that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a key regulatory role. We hypothesize that hericenones and erinacines modulate key transcriptional hubs, such as CREB, Nrf2, and NF-κB, which in turn regulate the expression of specific ncRNAs (e.g., miR-132, miR-146a) known to control neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. This ncRNA-mediated mechanism may represent an un-explored axis that explains the pleiotropic neuroprotective effects of these compounds. We critically appraise the existing preclinical evidence, identify significant methodological limitations and translational gaps, and propose a structured research roadmap to test these ncRNA-centric hypotheses, aiming to accelerate the rational development of H. erinaceus-derived compounds for neurodegenerative diseases
Positive solutions for a weighted critical problem with mixed boundary conditions
No full text. We analyze the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions to a nonlocal elliptic problem involving the spectral fractional Laplacian endowed with homogeneous mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions and weighted critical nonlinearities. By means of variational methods and the Nehari manifold approach, we deduce the existence of multiple positive solutions under some assumptions on the behavior of the weight function around its maximum points. In this way, we extend and improve the results in [19], dealing with the Dirichlet problem for the classical Laplacian, to the nonlocal setting with mixed boundary conditions
Recensione a: Germano Maifreda, Sono una strega. Confessioni del sabba nel passato europeo, Einaudi, Torino 2025, in «L’Indice dei libri del mese», 43/1 (2026), p. 46.
No full textBetween medicine and Philology. The Contribution of Robert Costantin to the editio Rouilliana of Caelius Aurelianus
No full textMeasurement of η → π0γγ branching fraction with the KLOE detector
No full textWe present a measurement of the doubly radiative decay η → π0γγ based on a sample of 82 million η mesons produced in the e+e− → φ → ηγ process at the Frascati φ-factory DAΦNE. From the data analysis, 1246 ± 133 signal events were observed. By normalising the signal to the well-known η → 3π0 decay the branching fraction is measured to be (0.98 ± 0.11stat ± 0.14syst) × 10−4. This result agrees with a preliminary KLOE measurement, but is a factor of two smaller than the current world average. Results for dΓ(η → π0γγ)/dM2(γγ) are also presented and compared with the latest theoretical predictions
High-energy η(')π photoproduction and the nature of exotic waves
No full textThe observation of hybrid mesons in photoproduction experiments can provide essential insight into the inner workings of quantum chromodynamics in the strong coupling regime. In particular, the study of final η (') π states is of great interest due to the presence of the lowest lying hybrid candidate with manifestly exotic quantum numbers, the π 1(1600). In this work, a double-vector exchange model with Reggeized ρ and ω trajectories is developed to describe the photoproduction of η (') π in the high-mass region. Results are presented for the differential cross sections and forward-backward asymmetries in the energy region of interest to the GlueX experiment. The model contains no free parameters, and reproduces the magnitude and t -dependence of existing CLAS data at Eγ=5GeV. The model predicts a stronger asymmetry in the η' π channel than in the ηπ channel, consistent with what has previously been observed in pion beam experiments. This suggests that the sizeable production of exotic odd waves in η' π is not necessarily related to the presence of gluon-rich environments. Confirmation of these predicted asymmetries from forthcoming GlueX data would enable further predictions of the low-energy spectrum
Evaluation of the recent seasonal variations of the composition and enantiomeric distribution of volatiles and of polymethoxyflavone in Sicilian cold-pressed mandarin (C. deliciosa Ten.)
No full textCold-pressed mandarin (Citrus deliciosa Ten.) essential oil is prized for its aroma and bioactive properties, yet its composition varies seasonally. This study assessed the volatile profile, enantiomeric distribution, and polymethoxyflavone (PMF) content of Sicilian mandarin oils across different harvests. A total of 111 samples were collected over three consecutive seasons (2020–2024) in Sicily. Volatile compounds were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (GC–MS) for identification and flame ionization detector (GC–FID) for quantification. Enantiomeric ratios of selected chiral monoterpenes were determined via dual-detection enantioselective GC–(FID)2, improving separation of critical pairs. PMF content was measured by HPLC-PDA. Results revealed significant seasonal variation in volatile and PMF profiles, highlighting the influence of harvest timing on oil quality. Enantiomeric ratios also varied, confirming their role as reliable quality indicators
The Show Must Go On! Transmodal Translation of Arab Theatre on the European Stages
No full textThe majority of Arab playwrights in Europe write in Arabic and typically collaborate with Arab actors; however, their audiences often lack the necessary linguistic skills. Surtitles effectively address linguistic disparities, but they necessitate cognitive multitasking, as viewers must simultaneously read the text and observe the stage action. Contemporary theatre practitioners increasingly employ three-dimensional spatiality, embodied performativity, and the multisensory aspects of live performance to reconceptualise dramatic texts and their translation into multimodal expressions. This article examines transmodal translation in Arab theatre on European stages, focus
ing on Arabic-language performances presented in the summer of 2025 at
international festivals and within the post-migrant theatrical circuit. Employing a multimodal analytical framework and an insider perspective, I argue that effective surtitling necessitates continuous experimentation and a flexible, context-sensitive approach that emphasises not only language but also various semiotic forms of meaning-making. This study highlights the transient and dynamic nature of surtitles, positioning surtitling as a unique
form of “writing in space”, which is interwoven with the complex interplay of visual, aural, physical, and spatial codes that characterise contemporary theatrical performance
A unified approach for -Laplacian differential inclusions depending on a parameter
No full textA unified approach was developed to investigate the existence of at least one smooth nontrivial solution for p-Laplacian differential inclusions with upper/lower semicontinuos set-valued righthand side and depending on a positive parameter. The main idea was to find a solution of the given inclusion as a solution of an auxiliary differential inclusion associated with the generalized gradient (in Clarke’s sense) of a primitive of a selection of the multivalued nonlinearity. Since we also dealt with discontinuous selections, variational methods for locally Lipschitz functionals provided the right tools to achieve our goals
