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« De l’épigramme grecque au poème fin-de-siècle : Renée Vivien, traductrice de Nossis (1904) »
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Compte-rendu de l’ouvrage Redécouvrir Louisa Siefert (1845-1877) : richesse d’une œuvre de femme à l’ère de la modernité, textes réunis par Aimée Boutin, Adrianna M. Paliyenko et Catherine Witt, Paris, Honoré Champion, 2024
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How do speakers align their gestures in L1/L2 and L2/L2 online interactions?
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French Style Philosophy in the XIXth Century: a Non-Pronounced Divorce between Metaphysics and the Sciences
No full textInternational audienceThis volume is the first systematic study of the style of reasoning specific to the field of philosophy in nineteenth-century France. The chapters analyze the often dispersed responses to the fundamental question of the division of the sciences based on the reciprocal relationships of inclusion or exclusion, of adversity or sorority, between metaphysics and the positive sciences. In line with the arrhythmic progress of the different forms of knowledge, these responses renew the Condillacian criticisms of the Cartesian order of the relationships between metaphysics and physics. Between a pronounced divorce and a successful marriage, this volume traces the philosophical history of the various attempts at divorce or union, which, as the century progressed, resulted in original hybridizations that aspired to define a new and ever-problematic “French philosophy.
TERROR TERRITORIAL: a figura do corpo-edifício no cinema brasileiro de ficção recente
No full textInternational audienceIn this article, we will analyse recent Brazilian films with a horror dimension: Trabalhar Cansa (Juliana Rojas and Marco Dutra, 2011), Aquarius (Kleber Mendonça Filho, 2016), Mormaço (Marina Meliande, 2018) and Propriedade (Daniel Bandeira, 2022). Based on aesthetic and narrative analyses, we will study the figure of the ‘body-building’, an expression we have coined to refer to the emergence of a hybrid figure, between the human and a building. We observed that struggles and disputes over the appropriation of a territory are at the centre of the issues raised by the films. We assume that the use of the figure of the body-building allows us to interrogate, through the sensitive and figurative bias of the cinematographic medium, issues linked to territory that are anchored in contemporary Brazilian society. The purpose of this article willbe to analyse how the figure of the body-building materialises territorial disputes for the domination of a space, as well as the threats, social and historical tensions that the films make visible.Neste artigo, analisaremos filmes brasileiros recentes com dimensão horrífica: Trabalhar Cansa (Juliana Rojas e Marco Dutra, 2011), Aquarius (Kleber Mendonça Filho, 2016), Mormaço(Marina Meliande, 2018) e Propriedade (Daniel Bandeira, 2022). A partir de análises estéticas e narrativas, estudaremos a figura do “corpo-edifício”, expressão que forjamos para referir-nos à emergência de uma figura hibrida, entre o humano e um edifício. Observamos que lutas e disputas pela apropriação de um território estão no centro das questões apontadas pelos filmes. Assumimos que o uso da figura do corpo-edifício permite interrogar, pelo viés sensível e figurativo do médiumcinematográfico, questões vinculadas ao território que são ancoradas na sociedade brasileira contemporânea. A proposta deste artigo consistirá em analisar como a figura do corpo-edifício materializa as disputas territoriais para o domínio de um espaço, além das ameaças, tensões sociais e históricas que os filmes visibilizam
Nano-carbon black (nCB)-dispersed cement composites: A macro-to-nano investigation revealing trade-offs between electrical conductivity and mechanical strength
No full textInternational audienceTo meet sustainability requirements, electron-conductive concrete with nano-carbon black (nCB) needs tailored properties for optimal performance. This study used a top-down multiscale approach to investigate the trade-offs in nCB dispersion on electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of cement composites using various dispersants. Mechanical performance of cement pastes with dispersants—polynaphthalene sulfonate (PNS), polycarboxylate (PCE), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and their combinations—were examined. The findings are supplemented by microstructure investigations, including cohesion, friction coefficient, micromechanical properties, and SEM/EDS analyses. This revealed dependencies between surfactant type/concentration on nCB dispersion, influencing conductivity and mechanical properties. PNS and CMC enhanced electrical conductivity at lower concentrations by facilitating multiple electron flow pathways without improving compressive strength compared to samples without dispersed nCB. At higher levels, excessive dispersion of nCB particles reduced conductivity by disrupting the continuous conductive network. PNS alone significantly enhanced compressive strength due to improved cohesion and increased nanoscale stiffness from nCB particles acting as nucleation sites for CSH growth, thus reinforcing the matrix, as confirmed by SEM and EDS. PCE yielded negligible effects on the electrical conductivity of nCB-cement composites, attributable to its inability to adsorb onto the hydrophobic nCB particles. Using PCE—alone or with CMC—caused the composites to retain mechanical strength. Regardless of surfactant type, increased dispersion led to enhanced fracture toughness and ductility due to crack deflection, attributed to nCB particles filling micropores within the cement matrix. This research provides insights into nCB dispersion, aiding the design of advanced smart concrete with balanced conductivity and mechanical properties
Mud mounds or not mud mounds? That is the question for the early Devonian red marbles of the Minervois (France)
No full textInternational audienceCarbonate mud mounds are currently the less understood bodies among the reefal structures,while they exist since the Precambrian and they still range from tropical to polar latitudes inthe modern oceans. Carbonate mud mounds are dome-shaped biosedimentary buildupsdominated by fine-grained carbonates supporting various types of fabrics, such as thrombolitic,fenestral, or stromatactoid structures. The geological record provides the key to understandingthe diversity of ancient and today’s carbonate mounds, their unconventional biosedimentaryprocesses including the formation of their fabrics.The Minervois red marble quarries are known to reflect the occurrence of at least sevencarbonate mounds dated from the Emsian (Early Devonian). However, evidence for theirpresence is rather incomplete. Our study aims to consolidate their temporal and environmentalframeworks and to investigate the processes of their origin and those behind their famousstromatactoid cavities.Our study is based on geological mapping to identify the geometry of the carbonate mudmounds. We then analyzed sedimentary facies, constrained the various local tectonic phases,and carried out geochemical, isotopic and mineralogical analyses on 60 matrix, cavity, faultand vein-type objects from six main quarries.Our study shows that only a few published mounds exhibit the typical mudstone towackestone texture. On the contrary, they often show a low organic content associated withhigh bioclastic and detrital contents. The rare unfragmented macrofossils often show signs ofreworking. In addition, the dome shape of some published mud mounds is induced by thesecondary folds of the larger Minervois nappe fold. Therefore, only a few quarries may reflectthe presence of Emsian mud mounds with a very flat, at best low-relief geometry (flanksbetween 5 and 10°) in the Minervois. It is important to highlight that stromatactoid cavities,supposedly characterizing a mud mound, occur in other facies and stratigraphic levels (up tothe Famennian Griottes Formation).Whenever the stromatactoid cavities occur within or outside a mud mound, theirdevelopment correlates with sediment grain size and inversely with stratonomy. We show thattheir morphology and infill are not dependent on a particular sedimentary texture or the age ofthe rocks. We suggest that these cavities may be due to the decomposition/dissolution oftransported organisms, to fluid escape phenomena within the sediment, and/or to the action ofbottom currents opening breaches in the indurating micritic sediment. We show that thecavities have a polyphase filling of matrix micrite and radiaxial calcite precipitated inoxygenated seawater circulation.We propose that calcitic sealing of cavities occurs within the oxic zone below thewater/sediment interface during early diagenesis. Thus, cavities were mainly filled by different generations of calcitic cement and micritic sediment during the uppermost Emsian and Eifelian(duration <~15 Ma), then remobilized by Givetian and Frasnian cone waters during the openingof sedimentary dykes. During the Variscan orogeny in the Carboniferous, hydrothermal events,including manganese oxide veins, impacted the evolution of cavity fillings and the carbonatefabric of the mounds
Monomer Versus Dimer of Cationic Ir(III) Complexes for Photodynamic Therapy by Two-Photon Activation: A Comparative Study
No full textInternational audienceIridium(III) complexes have been recognized as promising candidates for two-photon sensitized photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this context, we report on the study of two complexes, a monomer (IrL 1 ) and a dimer (Ir 2 L 2 ). Both complexes possess 2-phenylpyridine cyclometallating ligands and a pyridylbenzimidazole derivative as ancillary ligand. In the dimer, the two Ir(III) centers are connected by a non-conjugated bridged bis(pyridylbenzymidazole). We compare the photophysical properties of these complexes. Both display phosphorescent emission in the orange-red part of the visible spectrum, with emissions centered at 610 nm for IrL 1 and 625 nm for Ir 2 L 2 , both exhibiting quantum yields of ~24%. However, Ir 2 L 2 turns to be much brighter than the monomer making the dimer four times brighter than IrL 1 . This trend is consistent under two-photon excitation (TPE) and the singlet oxygen generation quantum yields, indeed the dimer displaying a figure of merit ( TPA x φ ∆ ) of 40, compared to only 5 for the monomer. Both complexes generate intracellular ROS and exhibit strong phototoxicity upon blue light activation (=420 nm), achieving sub-micromolar IC 50 values in HT29 and A549 cell lines after 24h of incubation. Moreover, with TPE (=800 nm), both complexes also generate intracellular ROS and induce cancer cell death
Le marchand en Mercure: ars mercatoria et honnête commerce dans l'art du portrait néerlandais au XVIIe siècle
No full textInternational audienceLes Provinces-Unies constituent le terrain le plus favorable pour l'épanouissement de l'iconographie de Mercure au XVIIe siècle. Là, le dieu du commerce devient le prototype même du commerçant néerlandais pensé comme le "nouveau Mercure" européen. Développée en parallèle à l'essor économique d'Amsterdam, l'idée de "l'honnête commerce" du "mercator sapiens" servira d'arrière-plan à une longue série de portraits de marchands. Certains d'entre eux, comme l'anonyme "Portrait d'homme de Pieter Cornelisz. van Slingelandt", daté de 1678 (coll. privée), imaginent le marchand en gentilhomme et incarnent l'idée subversive que le mérite peut octroyer la noblesse. D'autres, comme le "Portrait de Thomas Hees" de Michiel van Musscher (1687, Rijksmuseum) montrent la distinction à laquelle un "mercator sapiens" a pu accéder grâce à ses qualités mercuriales. D'autres encore, comme le portrait de Caspar Commelijn (1636-1693), peint par David van der Plas entre 1693 et 1704 (Rijksmuseum), dépassent la mémoire de l'individu et forgent un discours proprement politique qui associe la figure de Mercure à Amsterdam. Sans grande surprise, nous retrouverons l'origine de ce discours politique dans la décoration sculptée, commandée à Artus I Quellinus l'Ancien pour orner l'extérieur et l’intérieur du nouvel Hôtel de Ville d'Amsterdam. Notre communication aura pour objectif de montrer que, pour le XVIIe siècle néerlandais, l'art de Mercure (ars mercatoria) ne concerne pas seulement les traités de commerce et l'honnête manière de négocier. Il signifie un rêve de prospérité et bonheur offert à tout homme entreprenant dans une société, où le capitalisme remet en cause les privilèges de naissance et où le dieu du commerce finit par exprimer l'identité, l'occupation et l'éthique du citoyen. Pour cette raison, Mercure investit la représentation de la société néerlandaise à tout niveau. Il incarne un type social – le "mercator sapiens". Il devient un modèle pour l'individu exploité dans l'art du portrait. Il sert aussi d'emblème à l'économie et plus précisément à la prospérité d'Amsterdam imaginée comme le "temple moderne de Mercure"
Avolition Characterizes the Chronic Fatigue Experienced in Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease
No full textInternational audienceBackground and Aims: Avolition is a symptom responsible for a high burden in patients suffering from psychiatric diseases. It refers to a motivation loss for initiating and maintaining goal-directed activities, often called fatigue by patients. Fatigue is a widespread complaint of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), significantly impacting patients’ well-being, even during the quiescent stage of the disease. We here address the hypothesis that fatigue experienced by IBD patients is associated with motivational impairment. Methods: Patients presenting IBD (n = 110) in a quiescent stage of Crohn’s disease (CD) (n = 60) and ulcerative colitis (UC) (n = 50) were enrolled and classified following their declared experience of fatigue (n = 58) or not (n = 52). Patients were phenotyped using self-administered scales for fatigue experience, bowel disease disability, quality of life and mental health symptoms. Results: The self-administered negative symptoms scale scores identified avolition as a specific feature of fatigue experience: fatigued vs. no-fatigue in the CD group (3.806 vs. 2.103; p = 0.003) and in the UC group (2.815 vs. 1.174; p = 0.003). This difference is independent of current depressive disorder and previous history of depressive disorder. Avolition associates and correlates with the experience of fatigue (r = 0.49) in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: To tackle the question of fatigue in IBD, research should consider investigating the biological mechanisms implicating intestinal physiopathology of IBD in the impairment of brain structure involved in motivation. This may open new fields for treatment in targeting structures of the brain reward system