Faculty of Public Health Journal Universitas Indonesia
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Pre-testing of the WHO’s Educational Video: “How to Protect Yourself Against COVID-19”
Get PDFThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a public health emergency in many countries, including Indonesia. The World Health Organization (WHO) released an educational video, entitled "How to Protect Yourself Against COVID-19", which explained how to prevent the spread of COVID-19. This study is a qualitative study that aims to pre-test this video, based on the Information, Education, Communication (IEC) theory, by analyzing teenagers’ perceptions of the video. The design used was a Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP), and the data were collected by conducting in-depth interviews with participants, through virtual meetings. The data were analyzed using a qualitative data matrix and thematic analysis. The results showed that all participants found the video regarding the prevention of COVID-19 spread to be attractive and comprehensible. In addition, the participants felt that the contents of the video were not contradictory to their personal values and that the message was targeted to everyone, including themselves. The video was also perceived to be persuasive. Overall, the participants held a generally positive perception of the video.
Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Eating Habits and Food Purchasing Behaviors of University Students
Get PDFCOVID-19 disease, which spread rapidly all over the world after the first case was detected, became the primary agenda of the countries. Radical measures have been taken by governments to prevent the spread of the disease. Precautions and warnings to prevent disease caused some changes on daily life activities of people. University students who have to stop education are among the groups most affected by this disease sociologically, psychologically and physiologically. The aim of this study was planned and conducted to determine the effect of COVID-19 on university students' eating habits and food purchasing behavior. The study was completed with 866 university students education and training at the faculty of health sciences. Research data was obtained by online questionnaire. This questionnaire has been prepared with the information obtained as a result of the literature review and the opinions of experts by researchers. The questionnaire includes questions about eating habits and food purchasing behaviors. A result of the study, COVID-19 disease caused significant changes in the eating habits and food purchasing behaviors of university students. In general, it was found that the participants increased their consumption compared to before COVID-19, they paid more attention to hygiene while food purchasing
Evaluation of Anthropometric Parameters of Central Obesity among Professional Drivers: A Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis
Get PDFDifferent anthropometric parameters have been proposed for assessing central obesity. The diagnostic performance of these anthropometric parameters and their ability to correctly measure central obesity for the professional community, like drivers, is questionable and needs to be assessed. The study aimed to examine the diagnostic performance of anthropometric parameters as indicators of central obesity in drivers as measured by waist circumference (WC) and to determine the best cut-off values for these parameters that would identify obese drivers. Anthropometric measurements from a cross-sectional sample of 197 professional drivers were taken under standard protocol. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to examine the diagnostic performance and to determine the optimal cut-off point of each anthropometric parameter to identify centrally obese drivers. It was found that WC had a significant positive correlation with all other obesity indicators. The ROC curve analysis indicated that all the parameters analyzed had a good performance, but the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) had a more predictive value of the area under the curve (AUC). Optimal cut-offs to identify central obesity in drivers were 0.55, 2.06, 0.95, and 25.44 for WHtR, conicity index, waist-to-hip ratio, and body mass index, respectively. These cut-off points for different indicators can be used to detect central obesity for drivers.
Analisis Biaya Satuan Pelayanan Sectio Caesaria dan Upaya Efisiensinya di RSD Kol. Abundjani Bangko
Get PDFAbstrakStudi ini membahas laporan semester 1 tahun 2018 adanya selisih pendapatan pelayanan sectio caesaria BPJS dengan tarif rumah sakit sebesar Rp508.932.651. Tahun 2019 akan diberlakukan UHC (Universal Health Caverage) sedangkan BPJS kesehatan menurut Undang-undang no. 24 tahun 2011 ditunjuk pemerintah sebagai badan pengelola jaminan kesehatan. Rumah sakit perlu melakukan perhitungan biaya pelayanan menggunakan unit cost agar tigak mengalami devisit. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah terciptanya unit cost layanan kasus sectio caesaria serta efisiensinya di RSD Kol Abundjani Bangko. Metode Penelitian merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode cros sectional menggunakan double distribution dan dilajutkan dengan perhitungan RVU, sedangkan efisiensi layanan menggunakan clinical pathway (CP) rumah sakit ditambah tool CP dari FKM-UI. Sampel penelitian adalah pasien sectio caesaria kelas 3 tanpa komplikasi, menggunakan data retrospektif tahun 2017. Hasil Penelitian diperolehnya biaya layanan section caesaria di RSD Kol. Abundjani Bangko, ruang rawat VIP Rp6.704.891, kelas I Rp6.491.721, kelas II Rp6.320.449 dan kelas III Rp6.503.920 serta inefisiensi ruang OK/OKE Rp571.754, laboratorium Rp20.105, obat Rp203.608, alkes dan BHP Rp74.084. Kesimpulan diperolehnya unit cost pelayanan sectio caesaria serta inefeisiensinya di RSD Kol. Abundjani Bangko.Abstract This study discusses the semester 1 report of 2018 with the difference in income from the caesaria section BPJS service with the hospital rate of Rp 508,932,651. In 2019 UHC (Universal Health Caverage) will be implemented while health BPJS according to Law no. 24 of 2011 was appointed by the government as the health insurance management body. Hospitals need to calculate service costs using unit costs so that they experience devisit. The purpose of this study was to create unit cost services for caesarean sectio cases and their efficiency at RSD Kol. Abundjani Bangko. The research method is a quantitative descriptive study with cross sectional method using double distribution and continued with the calculation of RVU, while service efficiency uses the clinical pathway (CP) hospital plus CP tools from FKM UI. The sample of the study was uncomplicated class 3 sectio caesaria patients, using 2017 retrospective data. The results of the study obtained the service fee for the caesaria section at RSD Kol. Abundjani Bangko, VIP care room Rp.6,704,891, class I Rp.6,491,721, class II Rp.6,320,449 and class III Rp6,503,920 and inefficiency of OK / OKE space Rp571,754, laboratory Rp20,105, medicine Rp203,608, medical equipment and BHP Rp74,084. Conclusion obtained unit cost of sectio caesaria service and its inefficiency at RSD Kol. Abundjani Bangko
Effectiveness of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) toward the New Normal Era during COVID-19 Outbreak: a Mini Policy Review
Get PDFAbstract. The government of Indonesia has not used lockdown or quarantine as an option to tackle the spread of Coronavirus, as the impact of lockdown on small communities in the informal sector that lives from daily income will be severe. Alternatively, the government is enforcing Large-Scale Social Restrictions (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar or "PSBB") to respond to the state of emergency in public health. Starting in June 2020, the government has implemented transitional PSBB in some red zone areas, including the capital Jakarta and East Java province, despite the surge in case numbers. This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of the PSBB policy applied in Indonesia during the COVID-19 outbreak and the readiness to embrace the new normal, between April and June 2020, based on rapid literature analysis in a search on Medline(-Pubmed), government speeches and reports, social and mass media platforms. Implementation of PSBB is a preventive measure to combat Coronavirus’ spread in some Indonesian areas. Indonesia should not be in a “new normal” situation. The transitional PSBB phase serves as an early chapter of a new normal that would apply only to strategic sectors with manageable risks combined with better regulation and compliance by the public. Abstrak. Pemerintah Indonesia tidak menggunakan lockdown atau karantina sebagai opsi untuk mengatasi penyebaran Coronavirus, karena dampak lockdown pada komunitas kecil di sektor informal yang hidup dari pendapatan harian akan memburuk. Pemerintah menegakkan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) sebagai respons terhadap keadaan darurat dalam kesehatan masyarakat. Sejak bulan Juni 2020, pemerintah telah menerapkan transisi PSBB di beberapa daerah zona merah, termasuk di provinsi DKI Jakarta dan Jawa Timur, meskipun ada peningkatan jumlah kasus. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki efektivitas kebijakan PSBB yang diterapkan di Indonesia selama wabah COVID-19 dan kesiapan untuk memasuki Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru (AKB), antara bulan April dan Juni 2020, berdasarkan analisis literatur cepat dalam pencarian Medline (-Pubmed), pidato dan laporan pemerintah, platform media sosial dan media massa. Implementasi PSBB adalah langkah pencegahan untuk memerangi penyebaran Coronavirus di beberapa wilayah Indonesia. Indonesia seharusnya tidak berada dalam situasi AKB. Fase PSBB transisi berfungsi sebagai bab awal dari AKB yang hanya akan berlaku pada sektor strategis dengan risiko yang dapat dikelola bersamaan dengan regulasi dan kepatuhan public yang lebih baik
Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Pemulung akibat Pajanan Gas NO2 dan SO2 di TPA Cipayung, Depok Tahun 2018
Get PDFLatar belakang. Gas NO2 dan SO2 merupakan zat pencemar udara yang menimbulkan bau busuk dan mencemari udara di sekitar TPA. Gas-gas tersebut akan bermunculan disetiap tahap operasi penimbunan dan pemadatan sampah di TPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat risiko pajanan gas NO2 dan SO2, dalam udara ambien terhadap gangguan kesehatan pada pemulung yang beraktivitas dan bermukim di sekitar TPA Cipayung, Depok. Metode. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret-Juni tahun 2018 dengan menggunakan metode penulisan Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL). Hasil. Hasil pengukuran NO2 memiliki rata-rata hasil pengukuran adalah 31,794 μg/m3, dan SO2 memiliki rata-rata hasil pengukuran adalah 6,365 μg/m3. Dari hasil tersebut, masih sangat jauh dibawah Baku Mutu Udara Ambien dalam PP No. 41/1999. Nilai asupan real time dengan pajanan konsentrasi NO2 adalah 1,079×10-3 mg/kg/hari dan pajanan konsentrasi SO2 adalah 2,5962×10-5 mg/kg/hari. Sedangkan nilai asupan life span dengan pajanan konsentrasi NO2 adalah 2,15801×10-3 mg/kg/hari dan pajanan konsentrasi SO2 adalah 5,1024×10-5 mg/kg/hari. Karakteristik risiko untuk konsentrasi NO2 dengan durasi pajanan real time adalah 0,0539 dan life span adalah 0,108. Karakteristik risiko untuk konsentrasi SO2 dengan durasi pajanan real time adalah 0,001 dan life span adalah 0,002. Simpulan. Secara keseluruhan, nilai RQ adalah <1 maka udara am-bien TPA Cipayung dengan pajanan NO2 dan SO2 masih aman sehingga tidak diperlukan adanya pengelolaan risiko. Kata Kunci: NO2, SO2, Pencemaran Udara, TPA, Pemulung, ARK
Hubungan antara Pengetahuan dan Dukungan Tenaga Kesehatan dengan Perilaku Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (SADARI) pada Wanita Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS)
Get PDFABSTRAKLatar Belakang. Data WHO tahun 2018 menunjukkan kasus kanker yang paling banyak terjadi di Indonesia adalah kasus kanker payudara, yakni 58.256 kasus dari total 348.809 kasus kanker. Kanker payudara sebagai penyakit yang berisiko diderita perempuan. Perlu dilakukan upaya deteksi dini dengan SADARI.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan dukungan tenaga kesehatan dengan perilaku pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI) pada wanita PUS di Kelurahan Bram Itam Kiri Kecamatan Bram Itam Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat.Metode.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Penelitian ini melibatkan 93 responden yang dipilih dengan teknik Proporsionate Stratified Random Sampling untuk diwawancarai. Analisis data menggunakan chi-square.Hasil. Sebanyak 34,4% responden memiliki perilaku SADARI tidak baik. Ada hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku SADARI. Dukungan petugas kesehatan tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan perilaku SADARI.Kesimpulan. Pemahaman responden tentang SADARI masih rendah dan ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan perilaku pemeriksan payudara sendiri (SADARI). ABSTRACTBackground. According to WHO in 2018, most cancer cases in Indonesia are breast cancer cases, with 58,256 cases out of a total of 348,809 cancer cases. Breast cancer is a disease that is at risk for women. Early detection efforts with BSE should be initiated.Objective. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and support of health workers with breast self-examination behavior (BSE) on women with PUS in Bram Itam Kiri Village, Bram Itam District, Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency.Method. This research was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. This study involved 93 respondents who were selected using a proportional stratified random sampling technique to be interviewed. Data analysis using chi-square.Results. As many as 34.4% of respondents had bad BSE behavior. There is a significant relationship between knowledge and BSE behavior. Support from health workers did not have a significant relationship with BSE behavior.Conclusion. Respondents' understanding of BSE is still low and there is a relationship between knowledge and breast self-examination behavior (BSE)
Hubungan Konsentrasi Kadar Debu PM10 dengan Kejadian Gejala ISPA (Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut) pada Pekerja Proyek Konstruksi X di Depok Tahun 2018
Get PDFLatar Belakang. Kondisi proyek konstruksi yang padat akan pekerja dengan jam kerja lebih dari 8 jam serta banyaknya aktifitas keluar masuk kendaraan yang membawa material bangunan menyebabkan para pekerjanya rentan mengalami gejala ISPA karena terkena paparan PM10 terus menerus. Berdasarkan penelitian ini penulis mengangkat masalah hubungan antara konsentrasi kadar debu PM10 dengan kejadian gejala ISPA (Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut) pada pekerja proyek konstruksi di wilayah Kota Depok. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi Cross Sectional (potong lintang) dengan mengambil sampel dari 100 responden. Hasil. Hasil rata-rata pengukuran PM10 di 7 titik di dalam gedung bangunan dan di luar gedung adalah 159,43 μg/m3. Umur pekerja di proyek konstruksi tersebut rata-rata 35 tahun dengan umur termuda 21 tahun dan yang tertua adalah 65 tahun. Pada umumnya para pekerja bekerja selama 12 jam setiap harinya dan rata-rata sudah menjadi pekerja di proyek tersebut selama 1 tahun. Jumlah pekerja yang memiliki kebiasaan merokok di proyek konstruksi sebanyak 65 orang (65,7%) dan 34 orang (34,3%) yang tidak memiliki kebiasaan merokok. Pekerja yang mengalami gejala ISPA ada 80 orang (80,8%) dan 19 orang (19,2%) yang tidak mengalami gejala ISPA. Simpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, diperlukan adanya kesadaran dari para pekerja untuk selalu memakai Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) saat bekerja di lingkungan proyek konstruksi tersebut dan perlu terdapat perhatian dari pengelola terhadap kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja untuk para pekerja proyek konstruksi khususnya di wilayah Kota Depok. Kata kunci: PM10, Gejala ISPA, Proyek Konstruks
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Turkish Women on Breast and Cervical Cancer in Karabük Province, Turkey
Get PDFBreast and cervical cancer incidence and mortality among women have been increasing worldwide. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate women's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding breast and cervical cancers. The sample was composed of 507 women aged 18 years and older who were admitted to a primary health care center in Karabük, Turkey, from October to December 2019. The data was obtained using a questionnaire consisting of 34 questions regarding participants’ socio demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward breast and cervical cancers. The mean age of the participants was 41.3±12.0 years and 68.4% of them were married. Slightly more than seven in ten participants knew that the most common cancer in women was breast cancer. Almost six in ten knew that breast self-examination was the first method in the early diagnosis of breast cancer. Breast self examination practice was found to be significant among university graduates. Periodic mammography and pap smear screenings among participants were 21.9% and 23.3%, respectively. Only 3.4% of participants had received the HPV vaccine and there was no significant difference between socio-demographic characteris tics and HPV vaccination status (p-value > 0.05). Participants had moderate knowledge about breast and cervical cancer. Access to cancer screening programs should be facilitated and increased, considering these cancers' public health importance
A Study on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Rabies in the Philippines
Get PDFIn 2007, the Philippine government passed the Anti-Rabies Act to address rabies in the country. However, rabies is still a major public health concern in many provinces. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of residents on rabies, the Anti Rabies Act, and responsible pet ownership (RPO) in Pampanga, Philippines. A cross-sectional survey was done from October 2017 to February 2018 in 92 randomly selected barangays in the province. Questionnaires were adapted from similar studies. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with KAP. Results showed that most people have good knowledge of the Anti-Rabies Act, RPO, and moderate knowledge of rabies. Their attitude toward rabies was appropriate, and on RPO, moderate. The RPO practices by most dog owners were good and moderate for most cat owners. Moreover, the subjects’ area of residence was a significant factor in their knowledge of RPO, and pet ownership status was a significant factor in their RPO attitude. In general, respondents showed satisfactory knowledge; however, there is a need to intensify information and education campaigns in rural areas