Faculty of Public Health Journal Universitas Indonesia
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SERVICE OF PEOPLE WITH PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS (ODMK) AT THE PASAR BARU HEALTH CENTER AND PABUARAN TUMPENG HEALTH CENTER IN TANGERANG CITY IN 2022: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Full text linkMental health is one of the global health issues with cases that continue to increase every year. In 2019, psychiatric problems were the second leading cause of disability worldwide with a total of 970 million cases. This research is a comparative study that aims to determine the difference between ODMK services at Pasar Baru Health Center and Pabuaran Tumpeng Health Center. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, data collection is done through in-depth interviews and document review. The variables analyzed include input, process, and output. The results of the study found that in the input variable, health human resources at Pabuaran Tumpeng Health Center had a higher workload than health human resources at Pasar Baru Health Center. In the process variable, Pasar Baru Health Center is able to carry out innovative activities to improve ODMK services during the pandemic. In the output variable, it was found that the quality of service at the Pasar Baru Health Center was better than the Pabuaran Tumpeng Health Center, besides that the coverage of ODMK services at the Pasar Baru Health Center in 2021 reached 128% while at the Pabuaran Tumpeng Health Center it only reached 77%. This study concludes that the health center that have adequate human resources and able to carry out services according to the existing situation, can produce higher quality services and achieve service coverage targets
POLICY IMPLEMENTATION OF HALAL PRODUCT ASSURANCE FOR PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS IN INDONESIA
Full text linkAfter the implementation of halal product assurance (HPA) became a public policy, the assurance for halal pharmaceutical products is a must. However, the implementation has been relaxed for several years. This shows that the policy implementation is complicated. This study aimed to analyze and evaluate the implementation process of the HPA policy for pharmaceutical products in Indonesia. We applied Van Meter Van Horn’s theory using the qualitative method through in-depth interviews with eight informants and a review ten documents. The result shows that the implementation is going well but is still not optimal, especially from the point of view regarding halal certification for pharmaceutical products. The main obstacle for business actors in this implementation is obtaining halal raw materials because most of them are still imported. Moreover, a lack of massive socialization and education have also appeared. All stakeholders involved should improve performance according to their respective duties to implement better when the obligation has begun
TELEMEDICINE AND ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD IMPLEMENTATION IN RURAL AREA: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Full text linkThe Indonesian Minister of Health 2019 issued regulations regarding the implementation of telemedicine services between health service facilities. Telemedicine is aimed primarily at rural areas. This research aims to look at the quality of telemedicine-based services, which are documented in an electronic health record (EHR) with complete information. This research uses the narrative literature review method: Garuda journal channels, Google Scholar, IEEE Explorer, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus. With the input-output process approach, eight scientific articles were published on countries with telemedicine/telehealth policies in rural areas. The implementation of telemedicine has advantages and disadvantages depending on the things supported and the target users. It must have policies, infrastructure, financial resources, and human resources to use, maintain and develop telemedicine. Telemedicine will help the health service process by increasing the degree of public health in rural areas if it is used on a large scale. The completeness of the EHR seems to be lacking in terms of informed consent. Still, a quality EHR can make it easier for health workers to enforce the history, establish the diagnosis, and provide patient healthcare
COVID-19 PANDEMIC HANDLING STRATEGIES BY THE BADUY TRIBE
Full text linkThe first case of COVID-19 in Indonesia was announced by the President on March 2, 2020. As of June 22, 2022, the cumulative number of confirmed positive cases in Indonesia is 6,072,918 cases, with 5,904,825 recoveries and 156,702 deaths. In response to this case, the government made a policy starting with Large-Scale Social Restrictions contained in Government Regulation Number 21 of 2020 until the Enforcement of Restrictions on Community Activities based on levels (4, 3, 2, and 1) set by the Ministry of Home Affairs. The government's strategy to deal with this is through the 5M health protocol (wearing masks, washing hands, maintaining distance, staying away from crowds, and reducing mobility), 3T (testing, tracing, treatment), and vaccinating. In this regard, an interesting condition occurs in the Baduy tribe in Kanekes Village, Lebak Regency, Banten. The Cisimeut Health Center which oversees the Kanekes Village area noted that so far there have been no reports of positive cases in the village. The results of the PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal) and document review show that the combination of traditional strategies and modern strategies in accordance with government policies is carried out in the Baduy Tribe. The obedience of the Pu'un (Chief of the Tribe) to the government is an important factor in the success of this strategy
Availability of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages at Home as The Dominant Factor Related to Its Consumption Among Students of SMAN (State High School) 47 Jakarta, Indonesia, in 2022
Full text linkAbstractSugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are drinks added with simple sugar, which can increase the energy because of calorie-dense and high in sugar, but low in other nutrients. Excessive consumption of SSBs can cause nutritional problems, such as increasing the risk of overweight and obesity. This study aims to determine the relationship between SSBs consumption and various factor and the dominant factor of SSBs consumption among students of SMAN (State High School) 47 Jakarta in 2022. The cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to June 2022 with 120 respondents. Primary data was taken using questionnaires and analyzed by univariate, bivariate (chi-square test), and multivariate (multiple logistic regression). Univariate analysis shows that 90% of respondents consumed high levels of SSBs. Bivariate analysis shows that pocket money, advertising and media exposure, and availability of SSBs at home have a significant relationship with SSBs consumption. Multivariate analysis shows that the dominant factor associated with SSBs consumption was the availability of SSBs at home. The school is advised to provide education about the impact of high SSBs consumption, provide mineral water refills, and encourage parents to provide healthy drinks at home. The government is advised to use social media for intervention, limiting unhealthy drinks ads, and implementing a policy of SSBs excise tax.Keywords: Sugar-sweetened beverages, adolescents, high school studentsAbstrakSugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) merupakan minuman yang diberi tambahan gula sederhana yang menambah kandungan energi karena padat kalori dan tinggi gula, namun memiliki sedikit kandungan zat gizi lain sehingga dapat meningkatkan risiko kejadian gizi lebih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi SSBs dengan berbagai faktor dan mengetahui faktor dominan konsumsi SSBs pada siswa SMAN 47 Jakarta tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional pada bulan November 2021 - Juni 2022 dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 120 orang. Data yang diambil adalah data primer dengan pengisian kuesioner. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya akan dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat (uji chi-square), dan multivariat (uji regresi logistik ganda). Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan 90% responden mengonsumsi SSBs tingkat tinggi. Hasil bivariat menunjukkan bahwa uang saku, paparan iklan dan media, serta ketersediaan SSBs di rumah memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap konsumsi SSBs. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi SSBs adalah ketersediaan SSBs di rumah. Pihak sekolah disarankan untuk memberikan edukasi gizi terkait dampak konsumsi SSBs berlebih, menyediakan tempat pengisian ulang air mineral, dan mengimbau orang tua siswa untuk menyediakan makanan sehat di rumah. Pemerintah disarankan untuk memanfaatkan media sosial sebagai media intervensi, membatasi iklan minuman yang kurang sehat, dan menerapkan kebijakan pengenaan cukai SSBs.Kata kunci: Sugar-sweetened beverages, remaja, siswa SM
Factors Associated with High Fat, Salt, And Sugar Food Selection on Online Food Delivery Service Among Students of SMAN (State High School) 47 Jakarta in 2022
Full text linkIn the use of Online Food Delivery Service (OFDS), an online service applying a smartphone to make it easier for users to get food quickly, it was found that the foods selected tend to be unhealthy and may increase the risk of being overweight. The aim of this study was to determine predominant and other factors that differ in food selection in OFDS among students at SMAN (State High School) 47 Jakarta in 2022. This study applied a cross-sectional study design with 112 subjects. Data were taken through a questionnaire and analyzed by using an X²- test and multiple logistic regression. This study shows that 58.9% of students chose foods categorized as high in fat, salt, and sugar (HFSS) with fried chicken as the food type chosen the most. Bivariate results show that gender, reward sensitivity, OFDS frequency, and reduction in price, are all significantly different in the selection of foods ordered through OFDS. A multiple logistic regression analysis shows OFDS frequency as a predominant factor (OR=6,89). This study suggests that the school may collaborate with public health centers district health offices or colleges in nutritional sciences on providing nutrition education. This study also suggests that the government must apply high taxes on HFSS foods
Motivasi Sembuh Pada Anak Jalanan Korban Penyalahgunaan NAPZA (Studi Kualitatif di Yayasan Balarenik)
Full text linkLatar Belakang. Anak jalanan sangat rentan menjadi korban penyalahgunaan NAPZA. Yayasan Balarenik menjadi salah satu Lembaga Rehabilitasi Sosial khusus untuk anak-anak jalanan. Penyalahguna NAPZA yang sedang menjalani rehabilitasi tetap memiliki peluang untuk kambuh (relapse). Perilaku relapse pada penyalaguna NAPZA tersebut dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya adalah motivasi diri untuk dapat sembuh.Tujuan. Mengetahui motivasi sembuh pada anak jalanan korban penyalahgunaan NAPZA di Yayasan Balarenik.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kualitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dari bulan Oktober-November 2021 dengan wawancara mendalam kepada 6 orang anak jalanan, 2 orang perwakilan orangtua, 1 orang perwakilan Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta, Ketua Yayasan Balarenik, Konselor serta Pekerja Sosial di Yayasan Balarenik. Hasil. Lingkungan pertemanan mempengaruhi anak jalanan untuk mengenal, menggunakan, dan mendapatkan NAPZA. Kemauan dalam diri yang kuat menjadi faktor instrinsik anak jalanan untuk dapat sembuh dari penyalahgunaan NAPZA. Faktor ekstrinsik motivasi untuk sembuh anak jalanan adalah adanya pengaruh dari teman yang sudah berhenti menggunakan NAPZA, peran dari konselor, pekerja sosial, serta pemberian reward dari Yayasan. Anak jalanan juga mendapatkan pengaruh dari abang-abangan tongkrongan untuk mengikuti rehabilitasi dan berhenti menyalahgunakan NAPZA.Kesimpulan. Motivasi untuk sembuh anak jalanan dari penyalahgunaan NAPZA didapat dari dorongan dalam diri, pengaruh lingkungan dan pihak signifikan lainnya. ABSTRACTBackground. Street children are one of the vulnerable groups to become victims of drug abuse. Yayasan Balarenik is one of the Social Rehabilitation Institutions, especially for street children. Drug abusers who are undergoing rehabilitation still have the opportunity to relapse. Relapse behavior in drug abusers can be influenced by various factors, including self-motivation to recover Objective. Determine the motivation of street children to recover from drug abuse at Yayasan Balarenik.Method. This research is a qualitative study. Data collection was collected from October-November 2021 with in-depth interviews with 6 street children, 2 representatives of parents, 1 representative of the Dinkes Provinsi DKI Jakarta, the head of Yayasan Balarenik, and Counselors also Social Workers at Yayasan Balarenik.Results. Friendship environment influenced street children to recognize, use, and obtain drugs. Strong self-will becomes an intrinsic factor for informants to recover from drug abuse. Extrinsic motivational factors came from friends who have stopped using drugs, counselors and social workers' exemplary role and rewards from the Foundation. Brotherhood in the community also became a significant influence. Conclusion. Street children's motivation to recover from drug abuse are from internal encouragement, environmental influences and significant others.
Physicians’ Behavior in Referring National Health Insurance Patients to Hospital
Full text linkPhysicians’ decision to refer patients in primary health care is vital in supporting the referral system. The increase of referral cases impacted the claims cost and hospital workload. This study aimed to analyze the physicians’ behavior in referring National Health Insurance (NHI) patients to hospitals. This study employed a qualitative method; 18 informants were selected using purposive sampling and analyzed using content analysis. The data were validated by triangulating method, source, and data. Physicians referred patients when the cases could not be handled; there were indications of severe disease and required further examination. The obstacles in the referral system were pressure from NHI patients that wanted to be referred and diagnosed differently from ICD 10. In referring NHI patients, physicians had followed referral procedures and criteria. High referrals were caused by patients being forced to be referred, coming with complaints of severe disease, having examined in a hospital, and some cases should not be referred to but still referred by entering a similar diagnosis into the ICD 10. It is expected that public health centers will educate NHI patients related to tiered referral procedures in health services
THE IMPACT OF PHYSICAL DISTANCING HEALTH POLICY IN REDUCING COVID-19 INCIDENCE IN THE WORLD IN 2020: LITERATURE REVIEW STUDY
Full text linkTo reduce and slow the spread of COVID-19, many countries in the world have adopted physical distancing helath policy, which have never happened before. This study aims to get an overview of the impact of physical distancing helath policy to reduce of COVID-19 incidence in the world at 2020. The research design used was a descriptive qualitative with a narrative literature review method, while the research source came from international journal channels Google Scholar, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus with search data for the past five years. The approach used is the input, process, and output (IPO). From the journal search results, there are 10 scientific articles obtained in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the search. While the overall results of the study show that the impact of physical distancing health policy can reduce of COVID-19 incidence in the world in 2020. In addition, the decline in the incidence of COVID-19 according to the study is also due to other health interventions carried out simultaneously. The suggestion of this research needs further research with the same topic related to physical distancing health policy. Especially regarding the factors that determine the success of this policy
ANALISIS PEMASARAN PRODUK LAYANAN HOMEVISIT PASIEN GANGGUAN JIWA DI RUMAH SAKIT JIWA : ARTICLE REVIEW
Full text linkLATAR BELAKANG World Health Organization (WHO) pada tahun 2018, dalam laporannya berjudul WHO’s Mental Health Action Plan memaparkan bahwa terdapat sekitar 300 juta penduduk dunia mengalami depresi, 60 juta penduduk dunia menderita gangguan afektif bipolar, dan 23 juta penduduk menderita gangguan psikosis. Sedangkan di Indonesia, berdasarkan data dari Riskesdas 2018, data penderita gangguan jiwa pada penduduk Indonesia berusia 15 tahun ke atas, terdapat 6,1 persen yang menderita depresi, terdapat 9,8 persen menderita gangguan mental emosional akibat stress. Stresor yang tertangani dengan baik akan memberikan emosi positif. Terdapat perbedaan penting antara emosi positif dan emosi negatif yaitu keduanya memiliki basis terpisah dalam kimia otak, dan dapat hidup berdampingan namun memiliki fungsi yang berbeda. Emosi positif dapat menghilangkan efek fisiologis dari emosi negatif, dan menurunkan aktivitas sistem saraf simpatis hingga ke baseline. Stresor dari faktor psikososial dangat memengaruhi kesembuhan pasien, dimana stresor tersebut belum tentu dapat ditangani di fasilitas kesehatan. Homevisit pasien ke tempat tinggal pasien, memperbaiki stresor di sekitar pasien, dapat memperbaiki gejala dan menyempurnakan penyembuhan pasien.METODE Studi article review ini dilakukan dengan menganalisis homevisit pasien gangguan jiwa dari sudut pemasaran menggunakan sistem STP (Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning) dan 4P (Price, Product, Place, and Promotion). Studi menggunakan berbagai sumber dari artikel-artikel yang relevan dan berkaitan dengan hal tersebut.HASIL Berdasarakan analisis dengan sistem STP dan 4P, homevisit pasien gangguan jiaw adalah produk layanan rumah sakit yang dapat menjadi unggulan dan terus ditindaklanjuti dan dikembangkan.KESIMPULAN Analisis produk layanan ini dengan sistem STP (Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning) dan 4P (Price, Product, Place, and Promotion) memberikan hasil dan rekomendasi bahwa layanan ini dapat terus dilanjutkan dan dikembangkan dengan luas