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A Comparative Study of English Education Department
Full text linkThe comparative study of English Department students' achievement at Khairun University explores significant variations in speaking skills among 300 students from the 1st, 3rd, and 5th semesters. This research uses quantitative-descriptive methods. The research employs questionnaires and interviews to assess demographic information, speaking challenges, influencing factors, and supporting elements. Findings reveal an average age of 19.2 years impacting speaking achievement, with a noteworthy correlation between proficiency, Grade Point Average (GPA), and academic grades. Higher-than-average GPA and grades correspond to enhanced speaking skills. Additionally, parents' educational backgrounds and occupations significantly influence speaking achievement, with 17.1% having a Bachelor's degree and 53.6% working as farmers. Students from educated and employed families excel in speaking English. Study habits indicate limited commitment, with most students spending less than an hour per week practicing speaking. English speaking courses show advantages for participants, particularly those dedicating more hours to study. The study emphasizes the need to enhance students' awareness and motivation for developing speaking proficiency beyond academic contexts. Overall, the research provides insights for targeted educational interventions to improve students speaking skills in English Department at Universitas Khairun
Literature Review: Factors Affecting White Rice Glucose Levels
Full text linkThe high level of rice consumption in Indonesia is due to the belief that people have not eaten if they have not consumed white rice. Based on data from the BPS (2023), Indonesian people's rice consumption reached 31.54 million tons. The biggest content of white rice is carbohydrate content. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose when they enter the body. White rice has higher glucose levels than brown rice, namely 25.40 per 100 grams (Diyah et al., 2018). According to Susanti & Bistara (2018), most diabetes mellitus sufferers experience hyperglycemia because they tend to consume foods with high glucose. Factors that influence white rice glucose levels are storage temperature, storage time, rice variety and cooking method. The aim of this research is to examine articles regarding factors that influence white rice glucose levels. The research method used is a literature review which examines articles from 2013-2023 of Google Scholar, Garuda, PubMed, Science Direct and Semantic Scholar with indexes Sinta 1-5 or Scopus Q1-Q4. Key words used are kadar glukosa, suhu penyimpanan, waktu penyimpanan, metode pemasakan, rice cooker, magicom, kukus, panggang, bakar, varietas beras putih, nasi putih, storage temperature, storage time, cooking method, steamed roasted, roasted grilled, white rice varieties, glucose content and white rice. Articles were selected using the PRISMA method. From the results of the literature review, it shows there is an influence of storage temperature (50%), storage time (25%), rice variety (50%) and cooking method (67%) on white rice glucose levels
Antibacterial Activity of Katang-Katang Leaf Extract Gel against Staphyloccus Aureus
Full text linkInfectious diseases are one of the health problems faced by developing countries such as Indonesia. Various methods are used to treat skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, one of which is traditionally using plants, namely katang-katang leaves which have active compounds of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and tannins as antibacterials. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the gel preparation of katang-katang leaf extract (Ipomea pes-caprae) to determine the concentration that has the greatest antibacterial activity and to determine the physical properties. Gel preparations were made with concentrations of 15%, 20%, and 25%. The test method was carried out using the in vitro disc diffusion method and physical properties tests were carried out which included organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, pH tests, spreadability tests, adhesion tests and viscosity tests. Data analysis was carried out using normality tests, homogeneity tests, anova and post hoc test. The results of research testing the antibacterial activity of katang-katang leaf extract gel at a concentration of 15% was 3.27 mm, 20% was 4.97%, 25% was 5.97 mm, K+ was 10.97 mm and K- was 0 mm. Katang-katang leaf extract gel has antbacterial activity that is not equivalent to the positive control, katang-katang leaf extract gel does not meet the preparation evaluation requirements and is unstable during storage. From these results it can be concluded that the katang-katang leaf extract gel has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and the katang-katang leaf extract gel does meet the preparation evaluation requirements and is unstable during storage
Malnutrition with Secondary Hypothyroidism in Children: A Case Report and Pathophysiological Review of Patients in One of the Hospitals in Surabaya
Full text linkMalnutrition in children remains a global health problem that has a broad impact on growth, development and metabolic balance. One complication that receives less attention is secondary hypothyroidism, a condition that occurs due to metabolic adaptation to prolonged energy deficit. This situation can worsen the patient's prognosis and increase the risk of neurological complications and infections. This case report aims to describe the clinical course of a child with severe malnutrition who experienced secondary hypothyroidism and discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the link between malnutrition and thyroid dysfunction. Case: A 2 year 1 month old boy with a body weight of 5 kg (< -3 SD) and a height of 69 cm presented with complaints of diarrhea, fever, recurrent cough and episodes of seizures. Laboratory examination showed leukocytosis, increased CRP, and electrolyte disturbances. Evaluation of thyroid function revealed low FT4 levels (0.85 ng/dL) with depressed TSH (0.19 µIU/mL), leading to a diagnosis of secondary hypothyroidism. Metabolic adaptations due to malnutrition lead to decreased production of thyroid binding proteins as well as low TSH secretion in response to metabolic stress. This situation contributes to a slowdown in metabolism and worsens nutritional recovery, as well as increasing the risk of infectious and neurological complications. The literature supports that secondary hypothyroidism in children with malnutrition is reversible with optimal nutritional recovery. A multidisciplinary approach that includes clinical stabilization, electrolyte correction, and monitoring of thyroid function is very important in the management of children with malnutrition and secondary hypothyroidism
Diagnostic Comparison of Elevated Fecal Leukocytes and sTREM-1 in Children with Acute Diarrhea Caused by Bacterial Infection
Full text linkDiarrhea is a health problem that most often occurs in children. Various etiologies of diarrhea can cause prolonged diarrhea and become malnourished (malnutrition). The etiology of diarrhea can be caused by a bacterial infection and requires antibiotics, so that detection is needed as early as possible. Examination of soluble triggering expressed receptors on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) can predict bacterial infection in children with acute diarrhea. The study aims to know how much the diagnostic value of fecal leukocytes test compared to sTREM-1. A cross-sectional study of children aged 6-60 months with acute diarrhea without complications and other diseases. In the subjects, clinical manifestation was performed (fever, vomiting, abdominal pain), fecal leukocyte test and sTREM-1 test as a standard reference. Children, aged 6-60 months with acute diarrhea due to bacterial infections with sTREM-1 > 470 pg/mL as many as 2 of 64 subjects and fecal leukocytes > 10/HPF as many as 14 of 64 subjects, most male, normal nutritional status and had clinical manifestation of fever, vomiting and without abdominal pain. Increased fecal leukocytes > 10 / HPF has a sensitivity of 50%, specificity 79.1%, positive predictive value 7.1%, negative predictive value 98%, accuracy 78%, positive likelihood ratio 2.18 and negative likelihood ratio 0.63. Fecal leukocyte test > 10/HPF as a diagnostic confirmation is not good in diagnosing acute diarrhea due to bacterial infection
Analysis of Workload and Needs for Nursing Staff at the Inpatient Installation of M.Zein Painan Regional Hospital
Full text linkThe nursing staff at M. Zein Painan Regional Hospital is experiencing an excess number of nurses which has a major impact on the hospital. Causing an increase in the burden of expenses and not having a function and maximum in improving the quality of service at the Hospital. The purpose of this study was to calculate the workload with the work sampling formula and calculate the need for nursing staff with the Ilyas method. This study was conducted starting in August 2024 using the mixed-methods method. The results of qualitative research showed that the nursing workload method system in the inpatient installation of M.Zein Painan Regional Hospital was not structured and the workload given to nurses did not match the number of nurses available. This is reinforced by the results of quantitative research on each inpatient installation at M.Zein Painan Regional Hospital with the Work Sampling method, the nurse's workload was relatively light. The number of nurses with the Ilyas Method found an excess of 43 nurses. The Hospital can carry out employee efficiency and effectiveness at M.Zein Painan Regional Hospital. It is hoped that this research can be the basis for a method for calculating the need for nursing staff at Class C Regional Hospitals
Analysis of Determinants of Laboratory Equipment Operational Cooperation System Based on Cost Benefit Analysis in Hospital Management Perspective in X
Full text linkProcurement of laboratory equipment through operational cooperation is increasingly adopted by hospitals as a cost-effective and efficient strategy to support health services. This study examines the success of operational cooperation in procuring hematology analyzer equipment to replace damaged units, using a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) from the perspective of hospital management. Employing a sequential explanatory mixed-method approach, the study combined qualitative data from in-depth interviews with 12 purposively selected informants and observations, with quantitative analysis of secondary data using the CBA method. The analysis revealed a positive Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR 99,422,367.47 and a Benefit-Cost (B/C) ratio of 1.59, both exceeding the benchmarks of independent procurement. This indicates that operational cooperation is financially feasible and preferable. Non-financial benefits also strengthen this conclusion, including vendor-provided maintenance technicians, guaranteed supply of reagents and spare parts, and ongoing equipment upgrades aligned with technological advancements. These advantages minimize hospital disruptions and ensure service continuity. The study identifies key success determinants in the operational cooperation system: cost efficiency, human resources, regulatory compliance, vendor partnerships, equipment quality, historical laboratory data, and alignment with technological developments. In conclusion, operational cooperation for hematology analyzers is successful, sustainable, and offers significant benefits, both financial and operational, for hospitals
The Correlations Between Family Support to The Growth of Children’s Socialization Abilities With Mental Retardation: Literature Review
Full text linkThe number of mentally retarded children increases to 7-10% of the total number of children in Indonesia in 2019. Most of these mental retardation children experience obstacles in carrying out the ability to socialize with the others due to lack of support provided by their families. This research purposes was to identify the correlation between family support of children’s socialization abilities with mental retardation. The research design used was a literature review, the stage of collecting journals from several databases such as Garuda, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and NCBI. The analysis technique uses critical appraisal with JBI (Joanna Briggs Institue) format. From the five journals analyzed, it was stated that there was a correlation between family support and children’s socialization abilities with mental retardation. The family was the most important factor that affects the children socialization ability because the child’s correlation with their family was closer and more emotional. Further improvements in providing education and knowledge to families should be given, especially parents who have mentally retarded children regarding the importance of family support for children’s socialization abilities with mental retardation
Literature Review: Factors Associated with the Incidence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Full text linkDiabetes Mellitus (DM) type II is a metabolic disorder caused by insulin resistance in muscle and liver cells, as well as pancreatic beta cell failure. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the diseases that is a microvascular complication of the retina due to chronic hyperglycemia in patients with Type II DM. Chronic hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 DM can change the physiology and biochemistry of cells, resulting in endothelial damage. In this condition, various biochemical pathways are activated, and this affects the occurrence of 4 pathophysiologies of diabetic retinopathy. Several risk factors suspected of triggering diabetic retinopathy are age, duration of disease, poor blood sugar control or hyperglycemia and blood pressure, dyslipidemia, hyperviscosity, kidney failure, anemia, and smoking. Blood sugar control is the most dominant risk factor for diabetic retinopathy among other factors in patients with type II DM. Based on the background, the author is interested in conducting research on risk factors that influence the incidence of diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors that influence the incidence of diabetic retinopathy. The research conducted was a Literature Review with a Narrative Review design. Based on the search results, 7 relevant articles were obtained for use in this Narrative Review. The conclusion is that the risk factors suspected of causing diabetic retinopathy include the duration of diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled blood sugar levels, and Type II DM patients with hypertension or dyslipidemia
Analysis of the Implementation of Community Health Center Accreditation Policy in the Field of Leadership and Management
Full text linkIn order to improve the quality of services at the Health Center, there must be a measuring tool for achieving standards and achieving service quality standards, namely by accrediting first-level health facilities. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Health Center accreditation policy in terms of leadership and health center management, as regulated in KMK No. 165 of 2023. This research method is qualitative with a case study design, data collection in the form of in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis using Nvivo software, data validity is strengthened through triangulation of sources and methods, and confirmation to informants to ensure the accuracy of the data obtained. The results of the study indicate that there is a discrepancy in the aspect of human resource management with the KMK No. 165 of 2023 standard. The limited number of health workers, the imbalance in workload, and the less than optimal facilitation of employee competency development are important notes that must be followed up. In addition, the dissemination of service information has not fully reached all levels of society, especially vulnerable groups such as the elderly. Therefore, further efforts are needed to improve the quality of health services at the Rahuning Health Center