Hal-Diderot
Not a member yet
3207753 research outputs found
Sort by
Driving anger dimensions and their relationship with aberrant driver behavior in Lebanon: Results from a national self-reported survey
No full textInternational audienceDriving anger may vary across countries due to culture. This might affect driver behavior, which, in turn, impacts the driving outcomes. This study aims to investigate the relationship between socio-demographic variables, driving anger, and the self-reported aberrant behavior among Lebanese drivers and to determine which anger dimension is linked to driving behavior. A cross-sectional study was conducted among eligible Lebanese drivers from all Lebanese governorates. Data were collected using an anonymous Arabic self-reported questionnaire that included demographic information, driving-related variables, and two scales: the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) and the Driver Anger Scale (DAS). Four hierarchical regressions were performed taking the DBQ subscales as the dependent variable and the DAS subscales as independent variables. Out of 1102 surveyed drivers, 68.4% were males, having a mean age of 34.6 ± 12.3 years and an average driving experience of 13.5 ± 10.8 years. DBQ, DAS, and their subscales showed good reliability. Older age and female gender were negatively associated with the tendency of committing aggressive violations. However, being a professional driver and increasing annual mileage were positively associated with a higher tendency to commit aggressive violations. In addition to these factors, a higher educational level was found associated with a lower risk of driver's involvement in traffic violations. However, increased driving experience was associated with a higher tendency to commit aggressive violations. Reported driving errors were also found positively associated with older age, increasing mileage, and being a professional driver. However, larger driving experience and higher education were found protectors from erroneous behavior. Hierarchical regression showed that anger prompted by hostile gesture, discourtesy, police presence, traffic obstruction, and slow driving were positively associated with aggressive violations. All the DAS subscales were found to be positively associated with ordinary violations. traffic obstruction was also found associated with a higher tendency of drivers to commit lapses, as well as anger, which originated from police presence and slow driving which were found also positively associated with errors. Driver anger dimensions were found positively associated with aberrant driver behavior. To overcome road anger, there is a need to train drivers on coping strategies to restrain aberrant driving behavior
Ba Jin et ses « Suixianglu »
No full textInternational audienceIn the aftermath of the Cultural Revolution, a period during which he was denied the right to write, Ba Jin engaged in the composition of a series of sanwen, one hundred and fifty in all, written, in his own words, “off-hand”, which were later gathered in five small books. The whole work, a mixing of memoirs, intellectual testament and confession—Ba Jin reflects without any complacency upon his past—, may ultimately be regarded as an all-out condemnation of the Cultural Revolution, and consequently of the system that made it possible. A theme that the author did not initially intend to favor, but which imposed on him very quickly and almost unwillingly: “I have told the truth, I can leave the world peacefully. Let these five volumes stand, thanks to the true words they contain, as the ‘museum’ where the ‘Cultural Revolution’ is denounced.”Au lendemain de la Révolution culturelle, période durant laquelle il fut privé du droit d’écrire, Ba Jin s’est lancé dans la composition d’une série de sanwen, cent-cinquante au total, rédigés, selon son expression, « au fil de la plume », qui lui fourniront ensuite la matière de cinq petits livres. L’ensemble, qui tient des mémoires, du testament intellectuel et de la confession – Ba Jin se penche sans complaisance aucune sur son passé –, se présente au bout du compte comme une condamnation en règle de la Révolution culturelle, et partant aussi du système qui l’a rendue possible. Un thème qu’il n’entrait pas dans l’intention initiale de l’auteur de privilégier mais qui s’est imposé à lui très vite et presque à son corps défendant : « J’ai dit la vérité, je peux quitter le monde l’âme en paix. Qu’on tienne ces cinq volumes, par les paroles vraies qu’ils renferment, pour le “musée” où l’on dénonce la “Révolution culturelle”.
PEPPER: Precise Privacy-Preserving Contact Tracing with Cheap, BLE/UWB Capable Tokens
No full textInternational audienceContact Tracing (CT) is an old, recognized epidemiological tool, and since a digital variant is now within reach, a variety of smartphone-based solutions have been rapidly developed and deployed since 2020, with mixed results and amid controversies. Yet, achieving reliable and effective digital CT at large scale is still an open problem. In this work, we contribute with an open source software platform on top of which various CT solutions can be quickly developed and tested. More specifically, we design PEPPER, which jointly leverages Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and Ultra Wide Band (UWB) radios for contact detection, combined with the DESIRE privacy-preserving CT protocol. We show that PEPPER+DESIRE can operate on cheap physical tokens based on low-power microcontrollers, opening new use-cases with less personal, potentially disposable devices, that could be more widely used. We also evaluate the complementarity of Bluetooth and UWB in this context, via experiments mimicking various scenarios relevant for CT. Compared to BLE-only CT, we show that UWB can decrease false negatives (e.g., in presence of human body occlusion), meaning that more actual contacts will be found, a key benefit from an epidemiological viewpoint. Our results suggest that, while PEPPER+DESIRE improves precision over state-of-the-art, further research is required to harness UWB-BLE synergy for CT in practice. To this end, our open source platform (which can run on an open-access testbed) provides a useful playground for the research community
« Catherine de Médicis, Le roi Henri III et les tapisseries des Valois. La Question du titre de la tenture », dans Matteo Gianeselli ed., Antoine Caron 1521-1599. Le théâtre de l’histoire, cat. de l’exposition Écouen (Musée national de la Renaissance, 5 avril – 3 juillet 2023), Paris, RMN, 2023, p. 118-123.
No full textInternational audienc
Joint NeuraL Representation For Multiple Light Fields
No full textInternational audienceNeural implicit representations have appeared as a promising technique for representing a variety of signals, among which light fields, offering several advantages over traditional gridbased representations, such as independence to the signal resolution. While some work has been done to find good initial representations for a given type of signal, usually via metalearning approaches, exploiting the features shared between different scenes remains an understudied problem. We provide a step towards this end by presenting a method for sharing the representation between thousands of light fields, splitting the representation between a part that is shared between all light fields and a part which varies individually from one light field to another. We show that this joint representation possesses good interpolation properties, and allows for a more lightweight storage of a whole database of light fields, exhibiting a tenfold reduction in the size of the representation when compared to using a separate representation for each light field
Conception amont en compatibilité électromagnétique de systèmes lanceurs
No full textNational audienceCette présentation invitée au congrès URSI France 2023 et l'article lié présente les grands principes de l'analyse tensorielle des réseaux appliquée à la conception amont pour la compatibilité électromagnétique des systèmes avioniques lanceurs
Nature et degré d’appropriation des outils de gestion par les collectivités locales françaises
No full textInternational audienc
Non-Parametric Conditional U-Processes for Locally Stationary Functional Random Fields under Stochastic Sampling Design
No full textInternational audienceStute presented the so-called conditional U-statistics generalizing the Nadaraya–Watson estimates of the regression function. Stute demonstrated their pointwise consistency and the asymptotic normality. In this paper, we extend the results to a more abstract setting. We develop an asymptotic theory of conditional U-statistics for locally stationary random fields {Xs,An:sinRn} observed at irregularly spaced locations in Rn=[0,An]d as a subset of Rd. We employ a stochastic sampling scheme that may create irregularly spaced sampling sites in a flexible manner and includes both pure and mixed increasing domain frameworks. We specifically examine the rate of the strong uniform convergence and the weak convergence of conditional U-processes when the explicative variable is functional. We examine the weak convergence where the class of functions is either bounded or unbounded and satisfies specific moment conditions. These results are achieved under somewhat general structural conditions pertaining to the classes of functions and the underlying models. The theoretical results developed in this paper are (or will be) essential building blocks for several future breakthroughs in functional data analysis
Association between recent methamphetamine use, antiretroviral therapy and HIV viral load; a mediation analysis from a cohort of HIV positive persons who inject drugs in Hai Phong, Vietnam
No full textInternational audienceBackground There has been a significant increase in methamphetamine use among persons who use drugs in Vietnam in the last 5–10 years. We examined the degree to which adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) mediates the relationship between recent methamphetamine use and unsuppressed HIV viral load among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Hai Phong, Vietnam. Methods We recruited PWID from October 2016-October 2018 and enrolled HIV positive PWID into a cohort, with up to three years of total follow-up. We assessed relationships among recent methamphetamine use frequency, ART adherence and unsuppressed HIV viral load. Mediation analysis was used to estimate the total and natural direct effects of recent methamphetamine use on unsuppressed HIV viral load and the indirect effect proportion. Results We enrolled 792 HIV seropositive PWID into the cohort; approximately 75.9% reported high/perfect ART adherence at baseline and 81.3% were virally suppressed. In mediation analysis, the total effect for the association between methamphetamine use and unsuppressed HIV viral load (1000 copies/mL) was 3.94 (95% CI: 1.95, 7.96); the natural direct effect was 2.14 (95% CI: 1.29, 3.55); the proportion mediated by self-reported ART adherence was 0.444. Similar results were found when examining lower unsuppressed HIV viral load cutpoints of 250 copies/mL and 500 copies/mL. Conclusions Methamphetamine use is associated with unsuppressed HIV viral load among PWID despite high levels of ART adherence. Further research is needed to better understand these relationships, with emphasis on potential biological pathways that may interact with ART