Hal-Diderot
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Experimental Characterization of In-Plane Debonding at Fiber-Matrix Interface Using Single Glass Macro Fiber Samples
No full textInternational audienceFiber-matrix interface debonding is investigated using a hybrid experimental-computational approach. Model composite samples are prepared using a single glass macro fiber embedded in an epoxy test piece and then subjected to uniaxial tension. Displacement and strain fields developed in the vicinity of the fiber-matrix interface are measured experimentally using optical digital image correlation. Debonding initiation and propagation stages are characterized using the transient strain evolutions at the fiber-matrix interface. Correlations between local and global stresses are identified by combining full-field measurement data and analytical solutions. Local deformation data obtained experimentally is then used to identify a stress-based traction-separation model. Experimental measurements are verified and supplemented by finite element analyses. Sources of uncertainty and the limitations associated with the proposed hybrid approach are discussed. The approach presented herein provides a systematic methodology for the quantification of the mechanics and failure at the fiber-matrix interfaces in unidirectional composites under transverse loading conditions
A vector quantized masked autoencoder for speech emotion recognition
No full textInternational audienceRecent years have seen remarkable progress in speech emotion recognition (SER), thanks to advances in deep learning techniques. However, the limited availability of labeled data remains a significant challenge in the field. Self-supervised learning has recently emerged as a promising solution to address this challenge. In this paper, we propose the vector quantized masked autoencoder for speech (VQ-MAE-S), a self-supervised model that is fine-tuned to recognize emotions from speech signals. The VQ-MAE-S model is based on a masked autoencoder (MAE) that operates in the discrete latent space of a vector quantized variational autoencoder. Experimental results show that the proposed VQ-MAE-S model, pre-trained on the VoxCeleb2 dataset and fine-tuned on emotional speech data, outperforms an MAE working on the raw spectrogram representation and other state-of-the-art methods in SER
Impact of the Divine Word College of Vigan MBA Program in Region 1 and Cordillera Autonomous Region (CAR), Philippines
No full textInternational audienceJob security and high salary are some of the most important reasons why MBA programs are so popular nowadays. This study identified the impact of the Divine Word College of Vigan's MBA program in Region 1 and Cordillera Autonomous Region (CAR) Philippines for the School Year 2021-2022. Factors included the assessment of the respondent's age, sex, civil status, nature of employment, and residence. Graduates' assessment of the level of performance of the DWCV graduate program was expressed in terms of program relevance, faculty qualification, research facilities, classrooms, laboratory, library facilities, and achievable goals. The level of impact of training in the MBA program was measured using four (4) indicators: training and productivity, training on professional development and advancement, training on professional recognition, lifelong skills (socio-economic development). A descriptive survey with a correlational method was employed in the study. A questionnaire was utilized extensively to survey the impact of the Divine Word College of Vigan MBA Program on Region 1 and CAR students. Respondents of the study were the 68 graduates of the MBA program in the school years 2018-2019; 2019-2020; and 2020-2021. The socio-demographic profile of the respondents was statistically treated with the use of frequency count and percentage. Weighted mean and t-tests were used to determine the level of assessment on the performance of the MBA program, the impact of its training, and their correlations respectively. between the respondent's profile, the MBA program's performance, and its training program's impact, respectively. t-test was used for the correlation of the relationship between the profile of respondents and the assessment of the performance of the MBA program and its impact on training in the MBA program. Based on the problems raised in this study, the hypotheses show that there is a significant relationship between age and the assessment of MBA programs in terms of program relevance, faculty qualification, research facilities, and the achieved goals of MBA programs. On the other hand, the table shows that program relevance has also a significant relationship with sex. Further, a significant relationship was identified between training on productivity. The training on professional development and professional recognition are significantly related to sex. The impact of training in an MBA program is significantly related to the assessment of the respondents in the MBA program of DWCV except on the lifelong skills and achieved goals of the MBA program
DÉPÔTS SAUVAGES, L'ACTION DE LA GENDARMERIE À TRAVERS L'EXEMPLE FRANCILIEN
No full textInternational audienceLes dépôts sauvages, défigurant les chemins et les forêts d'Île-de-France, gagnent les zones urbaines et prennent une ampleur impressionnante. Pas un département de grande couronne n'est épargné. Aux portes de Paris même, à Bagnolet (Seine-Saint-Denis), un terrain vague devenu décharge sauvage est même alimenté par… les services municipaux », s'alarme déjà en septembre 2019 Le Parisien 1. Un mois auparavant, la mort du maire de Signes (Var), renversé par une camionnette dont le conducteur était pris en flagrant délit de dépôt sauvage, suscite l'émoi dans les médias nationaux 2. La même année, près de 50 % des 150 000 contributions déposées lors du « grand débat national » insistent sur la problématique des déchets 3. La terminologie de « dépôts sauvages » recouvre des réalités diverses qui vont des encombrants déposés en zone urbaine aux déchets déposés à l'abri des regards en zone rurale, dans des proportions parfois impressionnantes 4. Les déchets qu'on peut y trouver sont de nature très variable : déchets ménagers dégradables, déchets inertes, voire déchets dangereux. Le profil des pollueurs est lui-même varié, allant du particulier au professionnel, français ou étranger, en passant par des réseaux criminels. En 2023, les dépôts sauvages demeurent une question d'actualité toujours aussi cruciale, notamment en Île-de-France, où le chantier du Grand Paris et les Jeux olympiques (JO) de 2024 auront des répercussions non négligeables dans cette région particulière, déjà confrontée à ce phénomène endémique. Responsable de la sécurité publique sur 95 % du territoire national, la gendarmerie nationale est engagée depuis longtemps dans la lutte contre ce fléau face auquel les élus locaux sont en première ligne. Lors du Salon des maires de 2021 et 2022, le directeur général de la gendarmerie nationale a lui-même rappelé l'implication des gendarmes à travers l'opération #PrésentsPourLesÉlus, les applications Gend'Elus version 2 et ImmunitéCyber en expérimentation. Dans le cadre de cette action, la région de gendarmerie d'Île-de-France a mis en place un certain nombre de mesures. I) De la salubrité publique à la protection de l'environnement, l'engagement durable des gendarme
Narrative 4 and Fighting Words – The Persistence of the Folk Tradition of Storytelling through Contemporary Irish Writers Colum McCann’s & Roddy Doyle’s Non-Profit Organisations
No full textInternational audienceTwo contemporary authors, whose work is actually written, Roddy Doyle and Colum McCann, are actively contributing to fuelling the Irish oral tradition through their own writings, but also through the two non-profit organisations they have created, namely Fighting Words and Narrative 4. Both organisations have children and young adults as their main target audience, and both put forward the link between arts, education and storytelling. Fighting Words, which was created in 2009, mainly offers storytelling workshops, while Narrative 4 (2012) is based on story exchange between strangers. In a hypermodern, globalised world, insisting on connections through art goes, to some extent, against some of the principles of the postmodern ideology. The artists’ role as facilitators between a deeply rooted oral tradition and ordinary people turned into storytellers, especially young people, may be seen as part of the metamodernist trend in today’s arts which echoes the hypermodern nature of today’s world. The use of digital and social media by the organisations can be interrogated as a form of modernisation of the tradition of storytelling, all the while raising the question of the temporality of the content which is told, since the oral tradition used to be, by nature, ephemeral
Blockchain Security in the Internet of Things: Literature Review
No full textInternational audienceThe Internet of Things (IoT) allows different devices in our daily routines, such as refrigerators, light bulbs and autonomous cars, to be part of the Internet. Accordingly, the amount of data circulating in the network increases. Thus, a secure and reliable IoT environment becomes essential to avoid security vulnerabilities. In IoT, resources are limited and existing security solutions used in the traditional Internet can be ineffective, making data security still a challenge. In this scenario, Blockchain emerges as a promising technology to improve security in IoT, as it enables the recording of data in a decentralized, encrypted and immutable way with the consensus of the network participants in a packet data structure called a block. In Blockchain, the consensus is a protocol responsible for maintaining the state of the network and allowing the addition of new blocks with data. However, many consensus protocols require high computational power and power consumption to solve the mathematical problems that make possible data records in the blocks. Since many devices have low processing power in the IoT environment, developing new consensus approaches is needed to use Blockchain in IoT effectively. Therefore, this paper presents the results of a literature review about the use of Blockchain technology, specifically consensus protocol approaches, in IoT security
Analyse des données du Registre de preuve de covoiturage à l’échelle régionale
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Lithofacies Analysis of Multistorey Braidplain Sandstone, Lokoja-Bassange Formation, Benin Flank of Anambra Basin, Nigeria
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'Whilst I do not object, I strongly believe...' Exploring spoken argumentative and persuasive discourse
No full textInternational audienceEven at the higher proficiency levels, many learners continue to rely on the same limited range of basic expressions to express opinions, persuade and present arguments (e.g., I think, X is very important, because of this…) or are not aware of register differences and thus frequently use words and phrases typical of written discourse in their spoken production (e.g., it has been argued that, moreover…). This chapter outlines how advanced students can explore a corpus of transcripts of discussions and debates from the European Parliament to tap into a wealth of useful expressions and find out how they are used in an authentic context. The proposed data-driven learning (DDL) lesson thus involves a hands-on corpus-based activity aimed at enabling students to improve their speaking skills. It relies on the EUROPARL subcorpus of the multilingual InterCorp corpus via the free corpus interface KonText. In the second half of the lesson, students are then encouraged to try out their newly acquired expressions in a series of mini debates on familiar topics to be chosen by the teacher
Le passage de bénéficiaire à actant : le rôle des pairs aidants dans la prévention des décès par surdoses
No full textDespite numerous harm reduction interventions, overdose deaths have been increasing in Canada in the last years. While these interventions are necessary, they are not sufficient. In this context, peers, relatives, and friends are seen as pioneers in implementing innovations to reduce the phenomenon. This article presents the results of an exploratory research which took place in eleven Canadian cities and whose objectives were 1) to explore the situation across Canada; 2) to understand the action in terms of overdose prevention. A qualitative, descriptive-interpretive research approach was used, and the following data collection methods were employed: 1) participant observation; 2) semi-structured interviews; and 3) logbook. A thematic analysis of the material was carried out and a total of twenty-seven thematic codes referring to peer work were synthesized. The results are presented according to four themes: 1) the importance of building on lived experience; 2) role complementarity; 3) overlapping crises; and 4) death and grief. These results are consistent with the literature on the role of peers, which reports the importance of social ties to act beyond the services offered and prevent deaths. Peers thus play essential roles, for which support is recommended.Malgré de nombreuses interventions en réduction des méfaits, les décès par surdose sont en augmentation au Canada depuis plusieurs années. Quoique ces interventions soient nécessaires, elles ne suffisent pas. Dans ce contexte, les pairs et leurs proches sont perçus comme des pionniers dans la mise en place d’innovations visant à réduire le phénomène. Cet article présente les résultats d’une recherche exploratoire qui s'est déroulée dans onze villes canadiennes et dont les objectifs étaient 1) d’explorer la situation à travers le Canada ; 2) de comprendre l'action en matière de prévention des surdoses. Une approche de recherche qualitative de type descriptive interprétative a été déployée et les méthodes de collecte de données suivantes furent utilisées : 1) observation participante; 2) entretiens semi-dirigés; 3) tenue d’un journal de bord. Une analyse thématique du matériel a été réalisée et un total de vingt-sept codes thématiques faisant référence au travail des pairs ont fait l’objet de synthèses. Les résultats se présentent selon quatre thématiques : 1) l’importance de miser sur l’expérience vécue; 2) la complémentarité des rôles; 3) la superposition des crises; 4) les décès et les deuils vécus. Ces résultats sont cohérents avec la littérature sur le rôle des pairs, qui rapporte l’importance des liens sociaux pour agir au-delà des services offerts et prévenir les décès. Les pairs jouent ainsi des rôles essentiels, pour lesquels un soutien est recommandé