Portal of Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journals
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Narrators' Credibility: A Comparative Study of the Narrative Technique in Bronte’s Wuthering Heights, Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby
No full textThe debate on the reliability of the story teller or narrator in fiction writing is so intense to the degree of controversy. Ever since the early stages of fiction writing, most of the novelists seek new methods and techniques in writing their stories. Some of them have achieved success and became known worldwide, and their works have become masterpieces and essential landmarks in the world of fiction. These works have been among the curricular subjects taught in the most esteemed universities in the world. These eminent works have mostly been tackled thematically by reason of the novelty and importance of their themes, yet there are only a handful critiques on their technical aspects, style, diction being used, or narrative methods. This is a comparative study of some of such works like F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby in comparison with some other works such as Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and Emily Bronte’s Withering Heights
The Effect of Using Flipped Class on Teaching Reading Comprehension at Cihan University
No full textReading comprehension is one of the important skills of language learning. It is believed that teaching with flipped class is more effective and comes out with more positive outcomes than the traditional class teaching. Thus, this study aims to explore the effect of flipped class on improving reading comprehension skills for Kurdish and Arabic EFL at Cihan University-Erbil. The main question of this study is to figure out whether implementing flipped class on EFL will improve their reading comprehension skills? Will it develop the students reading abilities including both levels ‘elementary and intermediate’? In addition, to which level of students is more applicable? According the mentioned questions, it is presupposed that flipped class has more positive results in teaching reading Comprehension skills than the tradition class. This is due to the fact that the student will have access to online facilities and internet to gain further information about the topic before the class. Thus, it is assumed that it will improve Kurdish and Arabic EFL reading comprehension skills including both levels ‘Elementary and intermediate’. However, it is presumed that the flipped class will have a greater impact on intermediate level than on Elementary level
Knowledge Sharing among Academic Staff in the Higher Education Institution
No full textOrganizational success relies heavily on knowledge sharing. Having a knowledge-sharing philosophy within an organization has a significant impact on its success because it stimulates staff's desire to address the organization's challenges and concerns. This study aims to examine the effect of attitude, Subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control on knowledge sharing among academic staff—the study conducted among academic staff at three private universities located in Erbil. The data were collected by questionnaires method, 163 valid questionnaires analyzed by Structural Equation Modelling SEM, Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) after ensuring validity and reliability. The results showed a positive and significant impact of attitude, Subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control on knowledge sharing among academic staff. As well, perceived behavioral control had a major impact on knowledge sharing followed by Subjective norm. The university should support academics and establish innovative climates and norms to develop positive attitudes in the organization to enable university staff to share their knowledge
Bank Deposit Policy Analysis and its Ingredients for Success in the Kurdistan Region: Case Study of Kurdistan International Bank/Erbil
No full textتمارس المصارف ادوار ومهام مختلفة و مهمة وذلك لكونها الوسيط بين المقرض و المقترض و على الرغم من وجود العديد من المهمات للمصارف الا ان هذه المهمات تتأثر بشكل كبير بعملية الايداع و حسن ادارة هذه الودائع. حيث لوحظ ان اتجاهات الايداع المصرفي تتركز على جانب الحسابات الجارية دون حسابات الودائع طويلة الاجل، مما يفقد النظام المصرفي الفاعلية في القيام بأهم واجباته. في هذا البحث، يقدم الباحثون دراسة عملية الايداع و السياسات المتبعة من قبل المصارف الخاصة العاملة في العراق و بيان مستوى الدور الذي تؤديه هذه المصارف في المشاركة بالقروض و الاستثمارات من خلال اعتماد منهج التحليل النسبي للودائع و علاقتها ببنود الموازنة فضلاً عن استقراء اسلوب ادارتها و مقومات نجاحها من قبل المصرف بناءً على المعطيات الكمية لأحد المصارف الخاصة للفترة 2012 - 2016. وكانت نتائج البحث تشير الى وجود ضعف في سياسة المصرف في استقطاب الودائع مع وجود تحفظ من قبل المصرف على الاقراض. بالأضافة الى ان النسبة الاكبر من الودائع الاجمالية كانت ودائع جارية والذي ينعكس على قدرة المصرف في القيام بدوره في دعم الاقتصاد. كما اوصت الدراسة على ضرورة اعادة الثقة و توجيه اموال الودائع نحو القروض ولاسيما للمشاريع الصغيرة و المتوسطة.Banks play an important role as an intermediary between the lender and the borrower. In addition, other bank roles are being affected directly or indirectly by the deposits and how to manage those deposits. However, banks are not able to do their duties effectively due to concentrating on current account. Therefore, the researchers studied the process of depositing in private banks operating in Iraq. Moreover, this study shows the participating level of banks in providing loans for the period 2012 – 2016. The results of the study indicated that the bank is using a weak policy to attract deposit. As well as, the highest percentage of deposits was in current accounts. This is the reason beyond the weak role of banks in supporting investments and the economy. Furthermore, researchers recommended the need to reestablish trust and direct deposit funds towards loans, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises
The Role of Public Relations in Marketing Management: A Descriptive Study
No full textحظي موضوع العلاقات العامة أهتمام الباحثون وعلماء الادارة والتسویق وذلك لمواكبة التطورات المتسارعة في اطار الاعمال والذي یعد من السمات الممیزة للادارات في الالفیة الجدیدة لتحقیق اهدافها التسویقیة. تتبلور مشكلة البحث في افتقار معرفة ادارة الشركات بدور العلاقات العامة في التواصل الجماهیري ورسم الصورة الایجابیة للشركة وتحقیق الاهداف التسویقیة الناجحة .ويهدف البحث الى إثارة انتباه إدارة الشركات على الكیفیة التي یمكن من خلالها التفعیل الاتصال الجماهیري لتحقیق عملية التسویق الناجحة، وسعى الباحثون الى تضمین البحث الحالي ضمن اطار نظري وكذلك التحلیل الوصفي. وتوصل الباحثون الى مجموعة من التوصیات ابرزها توسیع وتعمیق الاعتماد على العلاقات العامة من قبل ادارة الشركة مما یسهم بشكل فاعل في حصول الشركة على اهدافها التسویقیة، وكذلك ان تاثير العلاقات العامة في إدارة التسويق هو تاثير مباشر لان إدارة التسويق هي نمط متاثر بإدارة منظومة العلاقات العامة.The topic of public relations has received the attention of researchers, management and marketing scholars, in order to keep pace with the rapid developments in the business framework, which is one of the distinguishing features of departments in the new millennium to achieve their marketing objectives. The research problem is crystallized in the lack of knowledge of corporate management about the role of public relations in public communication, drawing a positive image of the company, and achieving successful marketing objectives. The research aims to raise the attention of corporate management on how it is possible to activate mass communication to achieve a successful marketing process, and the researchers sought to include the current research within a theoretical framework as well as descriptive analysis. The researchers reached a set of recommendations, the most prominent of which is the expansion and deepening of reliance on public relations by the company's management, which effectively contributes to the company obtaining its marketing objectives, as well as that the effect of public relations in the marketing management is a direct effect because the marketing management is a pattern influenced by the management of the public relations system
Simulation of Moving Target Indication Radar System Based on VisSim/Comm Application
No full textMoving target indication (MTI) is mainly designed to detect moving targets and while unmoving targets are filtered out. It focuses on the technique of the modern stationary target indication (STI), by using directly the signal details to determine the reflecting object’s mechanical properties, after that it becomes easier to find moving or non-moving targets. This paper presents the simulation design of the MTI radar system. The main purpose of this design is to help students in understanding the radar system subject and help teachers to explain this subject in a simpler approach. Both students and teachers need to know how the signals inside the MTI radar processor are working and how they are generated and related to each other. This paper introduces a method of simulation of MTI radar signals including, A-scope radar display, transmitted and returned radar pulses with constant and multiple PRF, n-delay line cancellers
HIV, HBS and HCV in Dump Site Workers of Erbil Governorate
No full textThis research targeted eighty-nine males working in Kany Qrzhala, dumpsite. Age and gender comparable apparently healthy subjects were selected as healthy controls, and both of the groups were obliged to fill the study's questionnaire. Further, venous blood samples were collected from each individual for serum collection. The accumulated sera reserved for the sero-prevalence for antibodies tests of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Hepatitis C Virus, (HIV), (HBS), (HCV) respectively. The automated immunoassay analyzer Cobas E411 facilitated the conducting of the mentioned tests. The serum concentration of HIV and HBS antibodies of dumpsite workers revealed a significant increase when compared to the healthy group, while the HCV antibody serum concentration presented no significant alteration when comparing dumpsite workers to the healthy controls. The antibodies presence in the sera that belonged to workers is an indicator of exposure to the viruses due to unsanitary health conditions. This may pose a public health risk to the workers themselves, in addition to the people they are in contact with, including their families
The Effect of Facebook on Spreading Health Awareness among university Students: A Field study on a Sample of Cihan University-Erbil Students
No full textأن مشكلة البحث تتمحور حول تأثير الفيسبوك في نشر الوعي الصحي لدى طلبة الجامعة و يهدف هذا البحث الى الكشف عن مدى تأثير الفيسبوك في نشر الوعي الصحي ومصادر الحصول عليه لدى طلبة الجامعة وتحديد الدور الذي يلعبه في بلورة ونشر التوعية الصحية . حيث تم أستخدم المنهج الوصفي بالاعتماد على أستمارة الاستبيان مؤلفة من 18 سؤال في جمع البيانات من العينة والتي شملت 100 مفردة (طالب وطالبة ) تم اختيارهم عشوائيا ،وأجاب المبحوثون على الأسئلة ووفقا لإجاباتهم تم تحليل النتائج ، وأسفرت الدراسة على عدة نتائج منها: أكثر مصادر الحصول على المعلومات الطبية والصحية لدى المبحوثين كانت من عدة مصادر متنوعة ما بين وسائل الاعلام والمجلات الطبية العلمية المتخصصة والاهل والاصدقاء والفيسبوك اذ كل هذه العناصر مشتركة بنسبة 26% يساهم في تزويد المبحوث بما يحتاجه من معلومات صحية ، في حين بفارق قليل بنسبة 24% يساهم الفيسبوك لوحدة في تزويد المبحوثين بالمعلومات الصحية. أن نسبة 36 % من المبحوثين يتأكدون في بعض الاحيان من صحة المعلومات التي يتلقونها من الفيسبوك، في حين نسبة 19% من المبحوثين وهي نسبة ضئيلة دائما يتأكدون من مصداقية المعلومات الصحية التي يتلقونها عبر الفيسبوك. وتم تقديم مجموعة من التوصيات منها:الاستفادة من جماهيرية وإنتشار الفيسبوك لابد أن تعمل الجهات الصحية المسؤولة على تخصيص صفحه رسمية صحية تابعة لوزارة الصحة تختص بنشر المعلومات الصحية العامة والخاصة في بعض الحالات الصحية. توعية أفراد المجتمع عبر وسائل الإعلام المختلفة بأهمية التأكد من صحة المعلومات الصحية قبل الاعتماد عليها أو تداولها. مراقبة الصفحات عبر الفيسبوك فيما يتم نشره من معلومات صحية والعمل على تقديم المعلومات الصحيحة وملاحقة المخالفين.This Study Seeks to Know the Impact of Facebook's influence on spreading health awareness and the sources of getting it among university students. It also tends to determine the role it plays in spreading health awareness. The data have been collected by distributing a questionnaire consisting of 19 questions to 100 individuals (male and female students) chosen randomly. Their answers have been analyzed with the following results: Most of the sources for obtaining medical and health information among the respondents are from diverse sources including media, specialized medical scientific journals, family, friends and Facebook. All these sources contribute by 26% while Facebook alone contributes by 24% to supply respondents with health information. 36% of the respondents confirm the validity of the information they receive from Facebook, while 19% of the respondents confirm the reliability of the health information they receive on Facebook. 38% of the respondents discover that the health information they receive from Facebook is incorrect by noticing inconsistencies and discrepancies in the information and the lack of sufficient medical evidence. About 32% of the respondents are interested in nutrition and diet-related topics
A Pedagogical Stylistic Study of “Eleven” by Sandra Cisneros
No full textKnowing about the linguistic and stylistic features of any literary texts in general and the aspect of lexical pattern in particular, concerning the way through which the author uses adjectives, verbs, nouns and adverbs provide us with precious information that can be helpful in judging about the appropriateness of the text to be used for a specific purpose such as teaching to EFL students in a specific level. Therefore, according to the importance of this issue, and based on the checklist of linguistic and stylistic categories proposed by Leech and Short (2000), the stylistic analysis of the short story entitled “Eleven” written by Sandra Cisneros was performed in this study from the lexical category dimension. In the end, the results and findings of the study are elaborated and discussed, with the conclusion that the author was successful in using the appropriate diction and linguistic features to express her main points from the tongue of an Eleven-year-old kid who is also ten, nine, eight, seven, six, five, four, two and one year old.
Key words: Lexical category, Eleven, Stylistic analysis, EFL, Short stor
Text of the Electronic News: Study Quotes in NRT News Website
No full text للتناص دور محوري في تشكيل النصوص، وتوجيهها. لا يمكن دراسة أي نص أو تفكيكه دون الانتباه إلى تعالقاته مع نصوص معاصرة أو سابقة، فهو داخل في بنائه الفني، مؤثر في تأطير لغته ودلالاته المتنوعة. يتمظهر دوره في العمل الإعلامي بشكل أوضح مقارنة بنتاجات الفكر الإنساني الأخرى، لا سيما في الفنون التحريرية، وعلى رأسها فن الخبر الإعلامي. يتصدى بحثنا المعنون (نصوصية الخبر الإلكتروني- دراسة الاقتباسات في أخبار موقع NRT الإلكتروني-) ظاهرة الاقتباسات في الأخبار السياسية وفق المنهج الوصفي، اعتماداً على التحليلين المضموني والإحصائي، لعينة الدراسة المكونة من الأخبار السياسية - الإلكترونية المنشورة في موقع NRT، لشهر حزيران من عام 2021. يبين البحث أنَّ للاقتباسات المباشرة، لاسيما غلبة النصوص الموجهة-الحاكمة، دور مفصلي في تشكيل البناء التحريري للأخبار، ولها هيمنتها الأسلوبية. وأنَّ الاقتباسات بنوعيها، أثرت سلباً في البنية التحريرية للأخبار ووظيفتها الإعلامية ومبادئ التحرير الإلكتروني، مع تسجيل بعض حسنات أسلوبية من خلال الاقتباسات غير المباشرة، لكن دون إفادتها لمبادئ التحرير الإعلامي. وتبين أيضاً توظيف الكثافة النصية للنصوص الخارجية وتعالقاتها في أخبار كثيرة، لغايات تخدم مصالح القائم بعملية الاتصال في مؤسسة ناليا الإعلامية، وهي غايات غير مرتبطة بوظائف الوسيلة الإعلامية. وقدمت الدراسة في ضوء ما ظهر من نتائج، توصيات علمية عدة، وهي؛ ضرورة الاهتمام من قبل وسائل الإعلام بكيفية استخدام التناصات، بما تخدم تعزيز المعلومة وإغنائها، وإجراء دراسات علمية أخرى من قبل مختصي اللغة والإعلام، تهتم بكشف الجوانب الخفية للاستخدامات النصية بكثرة في الفنون التحريرية.Intertextuality has a pivotal role in shaping and directing texts. No text can be studied or deconstructed without paying attention to its relationships with contemporary or previous texts. This article focused on the text of the electronic news, the study of quotations in the news of the NRT website addresses the phenomenon of quotations in political news according to the descriptive approach, depending on the content and statistical analyzes, for the study sample consisting of political - electronic news published on the NRT website, for the month of June of the year 2021. The results show that direct quotations, especially the predominance of oriented-ruling texts, play a pivotal role in shaping the editorial structure of the news, and have their stylistic hegemony. Also, the quotations of both kinds negatively affected the editorial structure of the news, its media function and the principles of electronic editing, while recording some stylistic advantages through indirect quotations, but without informing them of the principles of media editing.In light of the results, the study presented several scientific recommendations, namely; the need to pay attention by the media to how to use intertextuality, in order to serve to enhance and enrich informatio