Portal of Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journals
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Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern, Molecular Characterization of Virulence Genes among Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Burn Patients
No full textAbstract
In this research a total of 150 samples were obtained from burn and wound patients admitted to the West Erbil Emergence Hospital during period from September 2020 to January 2021. Through cultural, morphological features, biochemical testing and Vitek’s 2 compact systems, 40 isolates of P. aeruginosa have been identified. P. aeruginosa produced various pigments, including blue / green, and yellow / green. The iso1ates of P. aeruginosa were subjected to 14 different antibiotics. Impenim was the most effective antimicrobial agents against all P. aerugionsa isolates, and most of isolates showed high resistance degree to Ampicillin 100%, Chloramphenicol 100%, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 100%, Cefotaxime 100% and Penicillin 100% while for Aztreonam 32.5%, Meropenem 42.5%, Tobramycin 45%, Gentamycin 45%, Amikacin 45%, Ciprofloxacillin 62.5%, ceftazidime 67.5, % Tetracycline 80%. All Psudomonas aeruginosa isolates were screened using Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to check for the presence of (Pvda, LasB, Protease, exoA, exoT, exoU and plch) on its genomic DNA. The findings have shown that (Pvda was 55%, LasB 75%, Protease 65%, exoA 60%, exoT 75%, exoU 60% and, plch 55%) of isolates harbored these genes as a virulence genes
An Overview on SDN and NFV Security Orchestration in Cloud Network Environment
No full textCloud networks are being used in most industries and applications in the current era. Software-defined networking has come up as an alternative tool and mechanism to follow and implement in a cloud networking environment in place of the traditional networking approaches. This paper includes the security aspects of computer networking concerning the cloud networking environment and software-defined networks. The security risks and vulnerabilities have been listed and described in this work, and the measures that may be adapted to detect, prevent, and control the same. The use of figures, diagrams, and codes has been done as applicable
The Role of Transformational and Transactional Leadership as Predictors of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Education System
No full textThe purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Transformational and Transactional Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCBs) among secondary school Teachers. The survey conducted among Teachers in Eight Secondary schools located in the Heet City of Iraq. The study utilized the questionnaire as a tool to collect the data. Likewise, the study employed a stratified technique sample due to the different number of teachers in each school. However, to ensure equal distribution, the stratified technique was more suitable for this study. 174 valid questionnaires analyzed by analysis of moment structures (AMOS). The results indicated both leadership style, Transformational and Transactional had a positive and significant impact on OCBs. However, the results showed that transformational leadership more essential to enhance the OCBs among teachers than the Transactional leadership style
University students’ Reliability on the News of Kurdish Online Newspapers: A Field study
No full textتهدف هذه الدراسة الى التعرف على مدى اعتماد الشباب الجامعي على الاخبار المنشورة و الاثار المتحققة جراء هذا الاعتماد، ولتحقيق ذلك اعتمدت الدراسة الحالية على المنهج المسحي عبر الاستبانة فضلا عن استخدام الوسائل الاحصائية واختبار العلاقات الارتباطية.يتكون مجتمع الدراسة من الشباب الجامعي (جامعة السليمانية – كلية اللغات)، وتم اعتماد على عينة من اجمالي المبحوثين من الطلاب، حيث بلغ عدد الطلبة(1310) طالبا وطالبة، وتم اختيار عينة الدراسة بأسلوب المعاينة العشوائية التي تتيح الفرصة لتقسيم المجتمع طبقياً، وحسب النسب، واختيرت نسبة (10%) من مجتمع الدراسة لتكون عينة له، وتمثلت بـ(131) طالبا و طالبة. و توزعوا حسب نسبة الطلاب في القسم الى العدد الكلي لطلاب الكلية، توزيع العينة بين الاقسام بالاسلوب التناسبي.وتلخصت ابرز الاستنتاجات التى توصلت لها الدراسة فيما يلي: السبب الاول لدى طلبة جامعة السليمانية – كلية اللغات في عدم اعتمادهم على الصحف الالكترونية الكوردية هو عدم شعورهم بـ(الموضوعية)، ولهذا فان هذه الفئة من الطلبة لا تزال تعتمد على الصحف الورقية و وسائل الاعلام التقليدية بشكل اساسي.اثبتت الدراسة صحة فرض البديل، بأن هناك علاقة ارتباطية ذات دلالة احصائية بين المتغيرات الديموغرافية لشباب الجامعي و بين اعتمادهم على الاخبار المنشورة في الصحف الالكترونية الكوردية. اثبتت الدراسة صحة فرض البديل بأن هناك علاقة ارتباطية طردية دالة معنويا بين اعتماد الشباب الجامعي على الاخبار المنشورة لإزدياد طموحهم المعرفي حول الاحداث، ودوافعهم النفعية جراء هذا الاعتماد. وخلصت الدراسة لمجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات، من اهمها: ضرورة تمتع الصحف الالكترونية الكوردية بمساحة أكبر من الموضوعية في تناول القضايا و الأحداث، والابتعاد عن مدح السلطة والمسؤولين. مراعاة اسباب عدم اعتماد المبحوثين على الاخبار المنشورة في الصحف الالكترونية الكوردية، و المضي قدما في نشر الاخبار التي تتمتع بمصداقية اكبر. دعوة ادارات الصحف الالكترونية الكوردية للاستفادة من نتائج هذه الدراسة.This research aims to explore the range of reliability of university undergraduates on the news published on online newspapers and its impact achieved by this accreditation. To accomplish this, the research adopts the analytical survey methodologies through questionnaires forms as well as using statistical methods experimenting their interrelationships. The study population consists of university youth (University of Sulaimani - college of Languages). The sample of the survey depends on random sampling, (10%) of the study population has been selected to be the sample of the research that is to say (131) out of the total number of (1310) students. Which allows the division of the community according to the ratios.The distribution of the sample based on the proportion of the students in varies departments of the college. The study concludes with most important results such as: The first reason that the students of (university of Sulaimani – college of languages) do not rely on Kurdish online newspapers is the lack of objectivity in their contents, therefore these students still mainly rely on newspapers and other medium as source of news. The study validates the alternatives; that there is a correlation between statistical significance between the demographic variables of university undergraduates and their reliability on the news published in the Kurdish online newspapers. The study also proves that there is a significant interrelationship between the students reliability on the news to expand their knowledge about current issues. The study concludes with several recommendations and suggestions, such as: Kurdish e-newspapers should broad their topic contents in various issues and event and avoid praising authorities and government officials. Noting the reasons of unreliability of the respondents on the news that published in Kurdish online newspapers, and try to publish Trustworthy news. Under interest in public researches and use the outcome of this study
Occupational Exposures and Associated Health Effects among Dumpsite Workers: A Case Study of Kany Qrzhala Landfill Site, Erbil, Iraq
No full textEighty-nine male workers from the landfill site in (Kany Qrzhala), Erbil, Iraq, aged from 12-65 years were investigated in this study. Each one had filled out a questionnaire sheet. Plus, a 7 ml of venous blood samples were collected from them. Total IgE and Syphilis antibodies were detected. Thus, CBC was conducted on each sample. The results recorded 92.13% of the workers lived in rural areas, while 7.87% lived in urban areas. Further, there were 58.43% smokers and 41.57% non-smokers. Furthermore, the research sample contained 38.20% single, and 61.80% married people. As education illustrated, 37.08% had no schooling, primary school education 40.45%, less than 20% had secondary school education, 2.25% acquired a diploma, and a B.Sc. degree. The serum concentration of total IgE of dumpsite workers revealed a significant increase when compared to the healthy group. None of the workers' sera revealed Syphilis antibodies except one case which was positive; however, it shows non-significant difference between both groups. WBC count was soared significantly in dumpsite workers when compared to the healthy individuals, yet, lymphocyte and granulocyte numbers showed non-significant increment, while monocyte number showed an insignificant rise in workers as compared to healthy group. The number of RBC's and Hb level of the Landfill workers exhibited a substantial increase. Even though, both groups' platelets did not show significant variance. The rise in WBC counts and IgE levels may be due to the exposure of these workers to allergens at the dumpsites as for allergies are the common consequence when exposed to waste and garbage
Sand Clock and The Concept of Time in Einstein’s Theory of Relativity
No full textThe sand clock is a device used to measure time, consisting of two conical glass bulbs, which are connected vertically by a small opening neck. The top contains grains of fine dry sand. The upper part symbolizes the future, sand passes through the neck (which indicates present) to the lower part which turned past. In 1907, German scientist Hermann Minkowski (1864-1909) interpreted the concept of the four-dimensional space-time of Einstein's theory in a two-dimensional cone diagram, in which the upper cone symbolizes the future, the neck the present and the lower part the past. The researcher has noticed a great likeness, to the point of congruence between the shape and function of both, the sand clock and the diagram. This resemblance aroused speculations that Hermann Minkowski had been inspired by the sand hour in drawing his diagram. It cannot be attributed to a merely chance
The Logic Game, Fallacy in Selected Poems by John Donne: An Analytical Study
No full textتهدف الدراسة الى تحليل ثلاث قصائد اغراء للشاعر جون دون وهي "البرغوث" و "الحب المقيد " و " الى خليلته في الفراش" يستخدم فيها المغالطة كتقنية للأغراء . ويحاول الشاعر في هذه القصائد ان يتلاعب بالمنطق في حواراته الذكية مع النساء ومن خلال الاعتقادات الزائفة او المغالطات لغرض اقناعهن بشرعية وقدسية العلاقة الحميمة سواء كانت قبل الزواج او عن طريق الخيانة الزوجية. ويعمد الشاعر الى استعمال مغالطات قوية مع النساء اللواتي يظهرن في قصائده الثلاث متحفظات ورافضات, بهدف اقناعهن بالتسليم لرغبات الشاعر الجنسيةThe aim of this paper is to analyze three seduction poems by John Donne regarding his use of fallacy as a technique for seduction. These poems are “The Flea”, “Confined Love” and “To His Mistress Going to Bed”. Donne tries to manipulate reasoning in the arguments with the women in those poems cleverly through false beliefs i.e., fallacies, to convince them of the legitimacy and sanctity of sexual intercourse, whether it is premarital or adultery. He deploys strong fallacious arguments with the women, who are presented as cautious or dismissive, in all three poems to achieve his aim of convincing those women to voluntarily agree to his sexual desire
The Relationship between the Elements of Marketing Mix and Consumer Behavior during Environmental Uncertainty: The Case of the COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textMany companies are facing difficulties such as sales reduction due to the changing of consuming behavior during the period of crises. However, this research aims to understand consumer behavior, and identify influences on consumer behavior during environmental uncertainty, as well as, providing a conclusion for companies to handle the issues related to consumer needs during environmental uncertainty and crisis like COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, managers are getting confused during the process of making marketing decisions. In addition, COVID-19 as a result of being a global pandemic, the global economy greatly affected and led to a financial crisis caused by the occurred lockdown, where the impact is not due to the disparity between supply and demand as the previous financial crisis. The researchers distributed questionnaires electronically during COVID-19 lockdown to analyze the consumer behavior in two cities of Iraq by using SPSS software, Cronbach’s Alpha, and Person Correlation were used to test the four hypotheses of research. The researchers concluded that environmental uncertainty clearly effects on the principles of consumer behavior. Moreover, during crises and pandemics such as COVID-19, the behavior of consumers is going to be changed. Additionally, the main findings were the positive relation of consumers' behavior with the price, quality, and the availability of product. While, there is a negative relation with advertisements
Assessing the Sustainability of Facilities Management in the Food Sector in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
No full textSustainability is becoming an indispensable and concerning issue for firms in today's business environment. Especially in the food and restaurant sectors. Sustainability focuses on satisfying the needs of the current period without conceding the capability of future consumers to meet their desires. Yet, an inclusive adoption of Sustainability is lagging in the restaurant and eatery industry in emerging market such as Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Therefore, this study focuses on the current practices of sustainable facilities in restaurants and lodging businesses in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The researchers conducted unstructured interview for the data collection from (10) restaurateurs managing and working in 5 luxurious restaurants and 5 fast-food ones. The restaurants selected were categorized as luxurious restaurants and fast food restaurants, the topics of the interviews were related to energy, waste and water. The data were analyzed by using frequency. The main approach in data gathering was qualitative. The interview queries were taken from related articles and divided into 3 sections: awareness plan, strategic planning, and restaurants' criteria of SAM. A content analysis method was used to identify the trend from previously published literature. The result showed that luxurious restaurants do apply sustainability in their operations, while fast-food restaurants lag behind. Finally, recommendations of this study can be of help to all restaurants in Kurdistan area by introducing a proper practice of sustainability to improve and develop their businesses to meet customers' needs and gain competitive advantages ahead of their competitors
University Learners' Perspective towards Factors Affecting the Speaking Skill
No full text This study is an attempt to explore the essential factors that affect the Speaking Skill of English language learners (ELLs). Its primary objective is to give an analysis of the perspective of the participants in respect of the central factors influencing the speaking skill. The knowledge of the participants concerning the issues pertinent to the speaking skill is presented. The study adopts a mixed-methods research approach: a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. A structured questionnaire and interviews are instruments of data collection which are analyzed statistically and descriptively. The study lays emphasis on the significance of the speaking skill. After presenting the literature review, it sheds light on factors that affect the speaking skill. Following this, features of the speaking skill are highlighted. The findings of the study signals that there are methodological, linguistic-related and psychological factors influencing the speaking skill of ELLs. And the most influential factors are oral practice, range of vocabulary and self-confidence.