Portal of Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journals
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The Motivational Impact of Enhancing Reading Comprehension through Pictorial Fictions on the Involvement of Iranian EFL Students in Writing Activities
No full textDetermining the motivational impact of enhancing reading comprehension, through pictorial fictions, on the EFL students to involve them more in writing activities, is the prime purpose of the present study. The study took place in the Iranian Language Institute (ILI), the branch of Mahabad. Key English Test (KET) administrated to a hundred students to select the subjects of the present study. Finally, 60 male students were selected and randomly divided into the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received pictorial fictions as treatment, utilizing input reading comprehension enhancement through typographic elements, and direct and indirect feedback provided to them, while the control group received pictorial fiction texts without such inputs, then to collect the intended data, the "Academic Writing Motivation Questionnaire" (AWMQ) was administered to both groups separately in two stages of pre-tests and post-tests. The results showed that enhancing reading comprehension has a significant motivational impact on the writing engagement of Iranian EFL learners
Factors Affecting on Knowledge Sharing Among Undergraduate Students
No full textThe purpose of this study is to exam the impact of trust, attitude, and information communication Technology on Knowledge sharing among undergraduate students. However, previous studies paid little attention to exam knowledge sharing among students, particularly in the Iraq setting. The study conducted at Cihan University-Erbil, Iraq, in the College of Administrative and Financial Sciences. The data collected by the questioner tool and the questioners randomly distributed among students by self-administrative. the data were analyzed by AMOS software. The results showed that all three variables, namely trust, attitude, and information communication technology, have a positive and significant impact on Knowledge sharing among undergraduate students. However, trust showed is the most vital factor that enhances and increases the sharing of knowledge among students. University should improve the culture of knowledge sharing among students to increase their productivity and knowledge
Managing the Total Quality Management System in Iraqi Universities: A Case Study of Cihan University-Erbil
No full textأن الكثير من الجامعات العراقية وكذلك جامعات إقليم كوردستان بدأت بشكل واضح في استخدام نظام الجودةالشاملة ( Total Quality Management) ، ولكن كانت بانتظارها مجموعة من المعوقات النظرية والعملية على حد سواء، من خلال وجود القوانين والتعليمات التي تتعارض مع نظام الجودة. وهدفت هذه الدراسة الى توضيح مفاهيم الجودة ومعايير وأساليب تطبيقها وأهمية شمولها في جميع مفاصل المؤسسة والجامعة. وذلك من خلال الإجابة عن السؤال التالي (ماهي الطريقة الأفضل لتجاوز المعوقات أمام تطبيق نظام الجودة الشاملة في الجامعات العراقية ؟). وتم استخدام استبانة مكونة من 52 فقرة موزعة على 8 محاور رئيسية ، ومن نتائج البحث إن محوري القيادة و الإتصالات من أكثر المحاور جودة و يحتاج محور الآلات و المعدات الى إهتمام أكبر من قبل الإدارة اما بقية المحاورفكانت ضمن النظاق النموذجي . وفي ضوء النتائج تم وضع بعض التوصيات من أهمها تعزيز دور المؤسسات التعليمية و الأكاديمية في تبني و تطوير معايير محلية أو إقليمية بالإضافة الى تحديث القوانين و القرارات المحلية كي تتناسب مع معايير ضمان الجودة للقطاع التعليمي العالمية . Many of the Iraqi universities, as well as the universities of the Kurdistan Region, have clearly begun to use the Total Quality Management system, but a set of both theoretical and practical obstacles awaited them, through the presence of laws and instructions that contradict the quality system. This study aimed to clarify the concepts of quality, standards and methods of their application, and the importance of including them in all aspects of the institution and the university. And that is by answering the following question (What is the best way to overcome the obstacles to the application of the total quality system in Iraqi universities?). A questionnaire consisting of 52 items distributed on 8 main axes was used, and from the results of the research, the leadership and communication axes are of the highest quality, and the machines and equipment axes need more attention by the administration, while the rest of the axes were within the model range. In light of the results, some recommendations were developed, the most important of which is to strengthen the role of educational and academic institutions in adopting and developing local or regional standards, in addition to updating local laws and decisions to match the international quality assurance standards for the educational sector
The Influence of Journalistic Writing Styles on Reading Topics in Hawler Newspaper : A Survey Study University Students as a Sample
No full textئەم توێژینەوەیە كە بەناونیشانی (كاريگهرى شێوازهكانى نووسینی رۆژنامەوانى لهسهر خوێندنهوهى بابهتهكان لە رۆژنامەی هەولێردا) هەوڵێكی زانستیە بۆ به ديهێنان پهيوهندى نێوان نووسين و خوێندنى بابهتهكانى رۆژنامهوانيدا، به ئامانجى دۆزینەوەی كاريگهريى شێواز و تهكنيكى نووسينى بابەتە رۆژنامەوانییەكان لە رۆژنامەى ههولێردا لهسهر خوێندنى بابهتهكان لهلايهن قوتابيانى زانكۆوه بەنموونە، ئەم توێژینەوەیە بەپێی میتۆدی وەسفی ئەنجام دراوە لە رێگەی شیكردنەوەی شێوازهكانی نووسینی رۆژنامهوانى له رۆژنامەی هەولێر لە ماوەی (15/1-2/2020) كە وەك سامپلی توێژینەوە وەرگیراوە، و كاريگهريى لهسهر خوێندنى بابهتهكان لهلايهن خوێندكارانهوه، هەروەها توێژینەوەكە لە پێشەكی و سێ باس سەرەكی پێكهاتووە، باسى يەكەم بریتییە لە (چوارچیوەی گشتی توێژینەوە)، باسى دووەم بریتییە لە لایەنی تیۆری توێژینەوەكه (شێوازهكانى نووسین و خوێندنەوەى بابەتەكانی رۆژنامەوانى)، باسى سێیەم بریتیيە لەلایەنی پراكتیكی توێژینەوەكه ئەویش بریتیە لە شیكردنەوەی فۆرمەكان ناوهرۆك و راپرسی. لە ئەنجامدا بۆمان دەردهكهوێت كه نووسین و خوێندنەوە لە رۆژنامەى ههولێر پەیوەستن بەیەكەوە و هەر ئامرازێكی میدیایی كۆمەڵە تایبەتمەندی خۆی هەیە بۆ نووسینی بابەتەكان كە لەگەڵ تایبەتمەندییەكانی ئامرازەكە گونجاو بێت تاكو سەرنجی خوێنەر بۆ بابەتەكە رابكیشێت ههروهها شێوازهكانى نووسين كاريگهرييهكى خۆى ههيه لهسهر سهرنجراكێشانى خوێندكاران بۆ خوێندنى بابهتهكان. لە كۆتایيدا توێژەر پێشنیازی رێكخستنی كارەكانی میدیايی دەكات بۆ دارشتنى سیاسەتێكی گشتگير بۆ نووسین لە رۆژنامەكان دهكات لەگەڵ تایبەنمەندییەكانی خوێنەر گونجاو بێت و بايهخى زياتر به شێوازهكانى نووسين بدات.This research entitled (The Impact of Journalistic Writing Styles on Reading Topics in Hawler Newspaper) is considered a scientific attempt to find the relationship between reading of journalistic topics and how they are written in Kurdish newspapers, specifically Hawler newspaper as a model. This research was prepared according to the descriptive method by analyzing the content For the writing methods of Hawler newspaper topics between the period (1-2 / 15/2020) and then their impact on its reading by university students, which the researcher took as a sample for research. The research consists of the introduction and three main axes of the topic, the first axis includes (the general framework of the research), and then the second axis includes (the theoretical aspect of the research), which includes (the Techniques of writing and reading in newspapers) in general, then comes the third axis, which is The applied aspect of the research includes questionnaire analysis. In the result, it appears that writing and reading in Kurdish newspapers are linked together, and every media outlet has a set of characteristics for writing topics commensurate with the quality of the medium in attracting readers to it. At the end of the research, the researcher proposes to organize the work of press editing in general and that all media institutions follow a general policy for press editing in proportion to the characteristics of the readers and the way they understand the topics
Assessment of Deviations in Iraqi Banks’ Balance Sheet Budgets: A Case Study of Iraqi Islamic and Commercial Banks
No full textDeviations are the difference between the planning budget and the actual for financial periods and specific financial accounts, and it is the tool that management uses it to control and to know the reality of achieving pre-set plans. The success of the budget and its positive deviation is evidence of achieving the institution’s financial goals, and the negative deviation of the budget is evidence of the failure to achieve the budget, and then the administration must identify the causes of the deviation and address it. The research aims to analyze the results of the balance sheet budget and comparing them with the actual results, and determine the deviations if they are negative or positive for a sample of Iraqi private banks that are Consisting of (Islamic banks and commercial banks). In addition, the study sample consisted of Baghdad Bank, the Middle East Bank, Iraqi Islamic Bank, and National Islamic Bank for the fiscal years 2016 and 2017, as these institutions were chosen because they published discretionary budgets in their financial statements. Furthermore, the SPSS statistical tool was used in the study to analyze the deviation data. Islamic banks are better than commercial banks in terms of the rate of implementation of planning budgets since the majority of their statistical results are positive, which was one of the researchers’ most important findings
The Practices of Electronic Human Resource Management and its Impact on the Organizational Performance
No full textيهدف هذا البحث إلى كشف ممارسات إدارة الموارد البشرية الالكترونية و تأثيرها على الاداء المنظمي في مديرية التربية حمص، سوريا. و تحديد مستويات الاداء المنظمي في المديرية وإيجاد مؤشرات متفاعلة مع تطبيق ممارسات إدارة الموارد البشرية الالكترونية. أعتمد الباحثان على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي الذي يعني بدراسة الحقائق حول الظواهر والأحداث من خلال جمع البيانات والمعلومات وتحليلها وتفسيرها. تم إعتماد عينة عشوائية في مختلف المستويات والتخصصات الفنية والإدارية للعاملين بصفة دائمية، وذلك بسبب طبيعة البحث التي تتطلب الحصول على إجابات ممن لهم علاقة بالموارد البشرية كونهم أكثر خبرة وإطلاعاً على اعمال المديرية، وقد وزعت إستمارة الاستبانة على ( 102 ) موظفاً و موظفةً واعيد منها (100) استمارة صالحة للتحليل. كما تم إستعمال البرنامج الإحصائي SPSS لفحص فرضيات البحث. و اظهرت نتائج البحث أن مديرية تربية حمص تتبنى بعض ممارسات ادارة الموارد البشرية الالكترونية وهذا واضح من خلال نتائج التحليل العلمي، مما يعزز توجه المديرية نحو الاعمال الالكترونية في أغلب وظائفها. يعد التدريب والتطوير الالكتروني من اكثر الابعاد إهتماماً في المديرية كونها تستعمل التطبيقات الالكترونية في تدريب و تعليم الموظفين. أخيراً تهتم مديرية تربية في حمص بالأداء المنظمي بمستوى مقبول، وان بعد الكفاءة من اكثر الابعاد إهتماماً كونها تمتلك بنية تحتية الكترونية تساعدها على تبني هذا البعد. يفتح هذا البحث امام الإداريين العاملين المهتمين بالتحديث المستمر و بتطوير العمل الاداري، رؤى مستقبلية للخوض في غمار المجتمع المعلوماتي والإستفادة من التقنيات الحديثة.This study aims to uncover electronic human resource management practices and their impact on the organizational performance in the Homs Educational Directorate, Syria. Also, determining levels of organizational performance in the directorate and creating interactive indicators with the application of electronic human resource management practices. The two researchers adopted a descriptive and analytical approach, which means studying facts about phenomena and events through collecting data and information, analyzing them and interpreting them. A random sample was approved based on various levels, technical and administrative specializations for workers on a permanent basis, questionnaire form was distributed to (102) employees. The SPSS statistical program was also used to examine the research hypotheses. The results of the research showed that the Homs Educational Directorate adopts some electronic human resource management practices and this is evident through the results of the scientific analysis, which strengthens the directorate’s orientation towards electronic work in most of its functions. Electronic training and development is one of the most important dimensions of the directorate, as it uses electronic applications to train and educate employees. Finally, the Homs Educational Directorate had some concerned with organizational performance at an acceptable level, and that the competency dimension is one of the most interesting dimensions, as it has an electronic infrastructure that helps it to adopt this dimension. This research can be of help for working administrators interested in continuous improvement and development of administrative work by providing a future visions for delving into the information society and making use of modern technologies
The Impact of Successive Legal Systems and its Role in the Emergence and Development of the Administrative Judiciary in Iraq
No full textتبرز أهمية الدراسة من خلال الفكرة الجوهرية التي يناقشها البحث وهي أثر النظام القانوني ودوره في نشأة القضاء الاداري في العراق. تركز الدراسة على اثر النظم القانونية المتعاقبة على نشأة القضاء الاداري وتطوره وتأخره في الوقت ذاته, بسبب التحديات التي واجهته. لذلك, وجود هيئة قضائية متخصصة, مستقلة مدعومة, تفصل في النزاع بين الدولة اومؤسساتها وبين الافراد هو في غاية الاهمية. لكن السؤال الذي يثار, كيف يمكن لقضاء اداري حديث النشأة وحديث التحرر من هيمنة السلطة التنفيذية ان يحقق التوازن بين مصلحة الدولة ومصلحة الافراد في ضل وجود نظام قانوني يقيد من اختصاصات القضاء الاداري؟ من خلال وصف الانظمة القانونية المطبقة في العالم وبيان نوعها ومراحلها وكذلك النظام القانون المطبق في العراق قد جعلت الدراسة تخرج بجملة من النتائج والاستنتاجات, تتضح بان النظام القانوني هو اسلوب يتخذ من قبل دولة او هيئة يفرض التزاماته القانونية على تلك الجهات (سلطات وافراد) طبقا لمبدأ المشروعية, بالتالي يعد الدستور مصدر اساسي لمعرفة النظام القانوني والقضائي لأية دولة. كماان نشأة النظام القانوني في العراق ترجع بجذورها التاريخية الى اولى الشرائع القانونية في العالم كشريعة أور نمو (2365-2357ق م وصولا الى النظام القانوني الحالي المطبق في العراق الذي استوحى مبادئه من دستور 2005 النافذ حاليا, الذي صاغ نظام قانوني جديد, أعاد من خلاله بناء هيكلية الدولةThe study's significance is underscored by the fundamental concept discussed, namely the impact of the legal system and its role in the emergence of the administrative judiciary in Iraq. The study focuses on the impact of successive legal systems on the emergence, development, and delay of the administrative judiciary at the same time due to the challenges it faced. Therefore, the existence of a specialized, independent, and supported judicial body that adjudicates the dispute between the state or its institutions and individuals is of the utmost importance. Nevertheless, the question arises, how can a newly established and newly administrative judiciary balance the interests of the state with that of individuals in the existence of a legal system that restricts the jurisdiction of the administrative judiciary? By describing the legal systems applied globally and showing their type and stages and the law system applied in Iraq, the study has made several results and conclusions. The legal system is a method taken by a state or a body that imposes its legal obligations on those entities (authorities and individuals) under the principle of legality. Thus, the Constitution is a fundamental source of knowledge of the legal and judicial system of any country. The emergence of the legal system in Iraq can also be traced back to the world's first legal laws, such as Urnmo Law (2365-2357 B.C.), all the way to the current legal system in use in Iraq. The principles were inspired by the 2005 Constitution, which drafted a new legal system through which the state structure was rebuilt
A Comparison Between New Modification of Adaptive Nadaraya-Watson Kernel and Classical Adaptive Nadaraya-Watson Kernel Methods in Nonparametric Regression: A Simulation Study
No full textNonparametric kernel estimators are mostly used in a variety of statistical research fields. Nadaraya-Watson kernel estimator (NWK) is one of the most important nonparametric kernel estimator that is often used in regression models with a fixed bandwidth. In this article, we consider the four new Proposed Adaptive Nadaraya-Watson Kernel Regression Estimators (Interquartile Range, Standard Deviation, Mean Absolute Devotion, and Median Absolute Deviation) rather than (Fixed Bandwidth, Adaptive Geometric, Adaptive Mean, Adaptive Range, and Adaptive Median). The outcomes in both simulation and actual data in Leukemia Cancer show that the four new ANW Kernel Estimators (Interquartile Range, Standard Deviation, Mean Absolute devotion, and Median Absolute Deviation) is more effective than the kernel estimations with fixed bandwidth in previous studies using Mean Square Error (MSE) Criterion
Measuring Performance Efficiency Indicators: The General Company for Agricultural Supplies "GCAS" as a Model for the Period 2016-18
No full textMeasuring performance efficiency indicators is considered one of the most important topics that public or private companies should undertake, as it provides extensive information on its reality and highlights the most important strengths and weaknesses that guide the company's management, which is considered a fundamental basis for the decision-making process. This study was conducted on the General Company for Agricultural Supplies "GCAS" of the Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture in order to estimate the criteria of the efficiency of its performance in the years (2016) and (2018) and to make comparisons between the two years. The results showed that most of the performance criteria for the year (2018) fell below the base year (2016), which requires a pause to improve the performance efficiency in order to develop its future activity in a manner commensurate with its position in preparing the various agricultural requirements that the agricultural sector deals with. The research included some conclusions related to the decrease in the efficiency of the company's performance in managing working capital in (2018) comparing to the year (2016) as the liquidity ratio fell below the acceptable rates, which indicates that the company's ability to meet its obligations in the future has decreased. The working capital turnover rate also decreased, indicating that it was not used correctly in addition to other reasons. The research also included some important recommendations that enable the company to overcome the failures that it faced during the study period
The Role of the E-government System in the Political Reform of State Institutions: Applied research
No full textيعد نظام الحكومة الاليكترونية مرحلة متقدمة من مراحل تطبيق برنامج معلوماتي معرفي شامل ولايمكن تطبيقها ابتداء وذلك لماتحتاجه من تهيئة على المستوى الفني والسياسي والاقتصادي والتعليمي. ونظرا لما انتجته تقنية المعلومات والاتصالات من دقة في تعاملاتها المالية والاقتصادية وهو الاساس الذي تستند عليه الحكومة الاليكترونية، لذلك فان بامكانها ان تسهم بشكل مباشر في تحسين مستوى الاصلاح السياسي في مؤسسات الدولة .وبما ان قضية الاصلاح السياسي لمؤسسات الدولة وخاصة مؤسسات القطاع العام تعد من القضايا ذات الاهتمام البالغ بالنسبة للباحثين السياسيين والاداريين على حد سواء فان البحث يحاول ان يجد ارتباطا منطقيا بين تطور العمل الاداري اليكترونيا وصولا الى مقومات تطبيق نظام الحكومة الاليكترونية لمؤسسات الدولة واعتمادها كنسق روتيني في تعاملاتها اليومية والربط بين تحقيق اصلاح اداري وسياسي شامل دون الحاجة الى بذل مزيد الجهود في تغيير القيادات الادارية والسياسية والتي يصعب التنبؤ بسلوكها الاصلاحي داخل مؤسسات الدولة ، كذلك فان ماتوفره الحكومة الاليكترونية من نظام رقابي متقدم وحيادي الى حد كبير ينهي ماتعاني منه انظمة الرقابة السياسية والادارية من خلل وتحيز ومحسوبية في تقييم اداء مؤسسات الدولة. وعليه فان البحث يؤكد على محاولة اثبات فرضية اساسية تتعلق بوجود علاقة ايجابية بين تطوير نظام الحكومة الاليكترونية وزيادة الاصلاح السياسي في مؤسسات الدولة ، وذلك من خلال التاكيد على مجموعة من المعطيات الاساسية التي تربط بين متغيري البحث والتي سيجري مناقشتها بصورة تفصيلية عبر مراحل البحثThe e-government system is an advanced stage of the implementation of a comprehensive knowledge-based information program, and it cannot be implemented in the first place, because it does not need preparation at the technical, political, economic and educational levels. In view of the accuracy of the information and communication technology produced in its financial and economic dealings, which is the basis on which the e-government is based, therefore, it can contribute directly to improving the level of political reform in state institutions. And since the issue of political reform of state institutions, especially public sector institutions, is one of the issues of great concern for political and administrative researchers alike, the research tries to find a logical link between the development of electronic administrative work, up to the elements of implementing the e-government system for state institutions and adopting them as a routine in their dealings. The daily link between achieving comprehensive administrative and political reform without the need to exert more efforts in changing the administrative and political leaderships, whose reform behavior within state institutions is difficult to predict. Also, what the electronic government provides in terms of an advanced and neutral supervisory system to a large extent ends what the political and administrative control system suffer from through defects. Bias and favoritism in evaluating the performance of state institutions. Therefore, the research confirms an attempt to prove a basic hypothesis related to the existence of a positive relationship between the development of the e-government system and the increase in political reform in state institutions, by emphasizing a set of basic data linking the two variables of the research, which will be discussed in detail through the research stage