Portal of Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journals
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Influence of the COVID-19 Lockdown on the Lifestyles and Eating Behavior of Cihan University Students
No full textRecent studies found that a city confinement as a result to Covid-19 outbreak resulted on eating and lifestyle behavior changes. This study investigated the influence of lockdown on eating and life style changes. A cross-sectional study was done from December 18, 2021, to February 20, 2022. The research composed of three parts. Part I (6 questions) contained socio-demographic statues; section two (11 questions) studied dietary behavior through that included) a Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence using 14-scaled items with an MD screener tool ranging from 0 to 13; and section three (12 questions) studying lifestyle habit changes such as physical activity, sleeping habits, and smoking habits. The results showed that, 17% (63) of individuals that believed their lifestyle had improved, while 38.6% (143) stated it had worsened. Specifically, during lockdown, the physical activity frequency seems reduced from 50% (185) to 33% (127), and sleeping hours for those sleeping more than 9 hours were dramatically raised from 17% to 31.4%. In terms of eating habits, 36.8% of participants stated appetite improvement, whereas 22.7% reported a decrease. The appetite change during confinement was not connected with body mass index, although it was significantly associated with weight change (p =0.0001). Similarly, 47% of participant said they had gained weight. The data also showed that 67% (248) medium adhered to MD diet. Thus, the Covid-19 lockdown has negatively affected both lifestyle and eating behavior of the students
Analyzing Iraqi Political Cartoons: A Semiotic Model
No full textPictures have an essential effect on our thoughts and decisions. We have also noticed how these pictures produced in the form of cartoons affect our viewpoints. They do so since we are addicted to social media to the extent it can manipulate our thoughts unconsciously and obnoxiously. Besides, people don’t have the courage to express their viewpoints clearly, so they tend to use the satire to keep their face. This motivates the researcher to analyze the underlying structure of this satire presented in caricatures to read the message clearly. This research aims at revealing the way the political caricatures are produced and the main characteristics of political caricatures. Incorporating a methodology depending on selecting some samples, this paper is a semiotic analysis of political caricatures announced through the election campaign 2018 in Iraq. It concentrates on the format caricatures used as a communicative channel on net platform to come up with essential senses and prevailing political matters. This is carried out by adopting Barthes’ semiotic theory which is the first apparent semiotic approach. It is a good means to analyze the implied structure, including the dictionary and implied senses of creating influence of political caricatures. Besides, it provides us with a good means to interpret and understand political caricatures. This is quite important since political cartoons work as an approach to comprehend human consciousness
The Mediating Role of Palestinian University Governance in the Impact Relationship between Digital Transformation and Institutional Innovation: Field study
No full textتهدف الدراسة بالأساس الى التعرف على الدور الوسيط لحوكمة الجامعات الفلسطينية في علاقة التأثير بين التحول الرقمي والابتكار المؤسسي، وللإجابة على التساؤلات البحثية واختبار فرضيات الدراسة وتحقيق أهدافها، اعتمد الباحثون على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، واستخدام أداة الاستبانة، والتي تم توزيعها على عينة بلغت (90) مفردة ، تم اختيارها بطريقة عشوائية من مجتمع الدراسة المكون من (عميد، نائب عميد، رئيس قسم، مدير دائرة، أعضاء هيئة التدريس /محاسبة /ادارة) في الجامعات الفلسطينية في قطاع غزة، وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة ان المتغير الوسيط حوكمة الجامعات الفلسطينية يتوسط توسط جزئي في علاقة التأثير بين التحول الرقمي والابتكار المؤسسي، مع العلم ان النتائج اظهرت وجود قوة ارتباط موجبة بين التحول الرقمي والابتكار المؤسسي بدون ادخال حوكمة الجامعات الفلسطينية ، كما تبين وجود تأثير إيجابي بين التحول الرقمي وحوكمة الجامعات الفلسطينية حيث أضحت الرقمنة شيء أساسي في العملية التعليمية. وقد أوصت الدراسة بضرورة الاهتمام بوجود بيئة حوكمة جامعية تقنية مرنة وديناميكية تواكب التطور الحاضر والمستقبل، وضرورة تعزيز التحول الرقمي في الجامعات الفلسطينية لمواكبة التقدم التكنولوجي وصولا للابتكار المؤسسي، ومواجهة أي ظروف مستقبلية تؤثر على استمرارية العملية التعليمية.The main aim of this study is to identify the mediating role of Palestinian university governance in the relationship of influence between digital transformation and institutional innovation The researchers relied on the descriptive analytical approach, and the use of the questionnaire tool, which was distributed to a sample of (90) individuals, randomly selected from the study population consisting of a dean, deputy dean, department head, department director, faculty members/accounting/administration) in the Palestinian universities in the Gaza Strip. The results showed that the mediating variable, the governance of Palestinian universities, mediates a partial mediation in the relationship of influence between digital transformation and institutional innovation. Knowing that the results showed a positive correlation between digital transformation and institutional innovation without introducing the governance of Palestinian universities, it was found that there is a positive effect between digital transformation and corporate governance. Palestinian universities, where digitization has become an essential thing in the educational process.The study recommended the need to pay attention to the existence of a flexible and dynamic technical university governance environment that keeps pace with the present and future development, and the need to promote digital transformation in Palestinian universities to keep pace with technological progress toward institutional innovation and to confront any future conditions that affect the continuity of the educational process.
US Dollar/IQ Dinar Currency Exchange Rates Time Series Forecasting Using ARIMA Model
No full textThe use of currency exchange estimation as a tool for economic planning is being researched as a technique for gaining economic stability. The main purpose of this study is to use the ARIMA model to forecast monthly US dollar and IQ dinar exchange rates. The information was gathered from January 2010 to December 2020. We got the information from the website (sa.investing.com). The minimum value of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and the mean absolute error are used to select the optimal model (MAE). ARIMA was found to be the best model for the US Dollar/IQ Dinar series (2, 1,0). This is the forecasted meaning for the future of this exchange rate time series, which indicates a perpetual increase continuously in the next two years. Statgraphics version 15 was the statistical software package utilized to complete this project
Study of Shear Transfer in Modified Push-Off Members Using Finite Elements Method: A Comparative Study
No full textThis paper aims to investigate numerical study onto the behavior of modified push-off specimens under the action of direct shear stress. Based on the tow-dimensional finite element model developed in this research, the contribution of the aggregate interlock to resist the shear stress along the shear plane, the effect of existing of the compressive stress acting across the shear plane, the effect of the parallel reinforcement in resisting shear stress, the effect of the shear reinforcement parameter, the strains in the concrete and steel and the actual distribution of the shear stress along the shear plane were studied. To verify the accuracy and applicability of the suggested finite element model, a comparison between the results obtained in this study and those obtained experimentally by other authors was carried out. Comparison showed that the finite element results were in good agreement with the experimental results. It has been found that, for modified push-off specimens of groups without shear reinforcement across the shear plane the diagonal tension crack within the shear plane occurred at the load level which is closely to the ultimate shear strength respectively, while for specimens with both shear and parallel reinforcement , the first crack formed at about (33.7% - 53.0%) of the ultimate strength , also the investigation showed that the presenting of the shear reinforcement normal to the shear plane are significantly increased the shear transfer stress for all levels of loading
Using Factor Analysis to Determine the Most Important Factors Affecting Student Absenteeism at Cihan University- Erbil
No full textThe review of the relevant literature reveals that the issue of absenteeism among students was not new. The researcher intended to explore the factors affecting absenteeism and to find a solution to solve this issue. For this purpose, a mixed methods research was designed. To analyze this problem, both quantitative and qualitative research methods were adopted in this study. In quantitative approach a close ended questionnaire was developed to collect data. The sample comprised of 470 students out of total population of (4892). A descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyze the data. Transcriptions were analyzed through Thematic Description Approach under the qualitative methods using IBM SPSS version 25.0. The results revealed significant factors of the phenomenon. It was delimited to the Cihan University-Erbil only, but the findings can be generalized all over Kurdistan Region, because of the many similarities in our educational system (examination, large scale assessment and resources)
Empower E-wallets Payment System by using Secured Hybrid Approach of Online and Offline Services
No full textPayment mechanisms are migrated to mobile devices as e-commerce grows, creating e-wallets. The current e-wallet payment solutions are based on online-connected smartphones. The transaction is completed using a mobile application, which requires a GPRS and Wi-Fi connection. People around the world are becoming more interested in e-wallets. Nevertheless, in Iraq, it grows slower than in other parts of the world after survey is done to ascertain the primary elements influencing Iraqis’ adoption of electronic wallets. This paper proposes a design of e-wallet Mobile app offering online to offline (O2O) payments that aim to replace traditional e-wallet, credit cards, debit cards, and cash using offline connectivity, near-field communication (NFC), and SMS-based payment mechanisms that are independent of internet connection
Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Zingiber Officinale Rhizomes Aqueous Extract and its Gastroprotective Activity Against Ethanol-Produced Stomach Ulcer in Rodents
No full textSynthesis of gold nanoparticles exhibition wide range of bioactivities and was conventionally used for the remedy of numerous disorders. Our study aims to measure the gastroprotective effect of synthesized gold nanoparticles on absolute ethanol-induced stomach ulceration in rats. The rats were noticeably administered with two doses of gold nanoparticles (175 ppm and 350 ppm) with absolute alcohol and showed a significant improvement in the adverse effect of ethanol-produced stomach damage as confirmed by decreasing ulcer index and raising % of ulcer prevention. Increased mucus pH of stomach content reduced ulcerated portion, condensed or nonappearance of edema, and white blood cells permeation subcutaneous layer. In gastric tissue homogenate, synthesized gold nanoparticles presented a substantial increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) actions, and a substantial lessening of malondialdehyde (MDA) amount. Besides, gold nanoparticle increases the intensity of periodic acid Schiff stained (PAS) of the gastric epithelium of the stomach. Gold nanoparticles confirmed gastro-protective effects which might be qualified to its antioxidant, increase mucus secretion, increase endogenous enzymes (SOD and CAT), and reduce MDA quantity
The Effect of Applying Balanced Scorecard on Earnings Quality among Banks Listed in Palestine Exchange
No full textThis paper aims to verify the impact of applying balanced scorecard on earnings quality controlled by Firm (Bank) size of banks listed on Palestine Exchange during the 2011–2019 period. To achieve this objective, a panel model relating to the dependent variable (Earnings quality) and independent variables (Balanced Scorecard components) with the control variable (Firm Size) was estimated, the researchers used financial reports and disclosures of the banks listed on the Palestine Stock Exchange as a tool to collect data, in addition to books, articles, and the previous studies. Descriptive quantitative research design was employed because of the use of quantitative data as proxies for both independent and dependent variables. Panel research strategy was applied for obtaining the cross sectional and longitudinal dimensions. The relationships between the study variables (Earnings quality, BSC components, and Firm Size) were estimated using Eviews version 7 (a statistical software). The results showed statistically significant negative effect of Customer perspective (CUS) on Earnings Quality (EQ); statistically significant positive effect of Internal Business Process perspective (IBP) on Earnings Quality (EQ); and statistically significant positive effect of Firm Size (FS) on Earnings Quality (EQ). In addition, the results showed no statistically significant effect of financial perspective (FP), Social perspective (SP), Learning and Growth perspective (LG), and on Earnings Quality (EQ). Furthermore, the results demonstrated that Earnings Quality of banks listed on Palestine Exchange was not high
The Factors that Influence Knowledge Sharing in Educational Institutions: An Empirical Study Using PLS-SEM Approach
No full textThe objective of the study is to identify the elements which have an impact on sharing of knowledge at Cihan University in Erbil. Although previous studies have identified a range of elements affecting knowledge sharing, further research is needed to understand the factors driving knowledge sharing, particularly among higher educational institutions in Iraq. Since there are few studies about the sharing of knowledge among Iraqi higher education institutions' staff and there is no current model that has all of the elements required to examine the sharing of knowledge, the researchers investigated the effects of organizational, individual, and technological variables on academics' knowledge sharing behavior. Cihan University staff in Iraq's Kurdistan Region completed a total of 78 validated questionnaires. The data were evaluated with the use of a structural equation model (PLS-SEM). According to the findings of the study, organizational and technological factors are important indicators of knowledge sharing in educational institutions