Portal of Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journals
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Obstacles to Job Satisfaction Among Workers Living with War Caused Disabilities in Changara District in Mozambique.
No full textJob satisfaction of all categories of workers is one of the key antecedents that ensure increased competiveness of organizations. The need to establish factors that impede job satisfaction among people living with war induced disabilities was the main aim of this study. Furthermore, effects of war that adversely affect the attitude of workers with war induced disabilities towards their work were a major driver of this paper. The study employed a pure qualitative research approach where data was collected using face to face interview from 29 participants and analyzed using the thematic data analysis method. Participants were selected using snowballing sampling technique. Job satisfaction was found to be extremely low among employees living with war induced disabilities. People with different disabilities experience a host of work and home related challenges which significantly affect their job satisfaction levels. The problems encountered by people living with disabilities that affect their job satisfaction are mainly centered on ergonomics, lack of relevant assistive technology, stigmatization, discrimination and lack of physical and emotional protection from weather conditions, workmates and supervisors. The link between job satisfaction of workers with war induced disabilities and organizational competitiveness would further advance theory of job satisfaction and provide managerial implications that is helpful for an improved organizational performance. The study recommended that organizations should re-organize their work stations so as to accommodate the needs of people with disability
Autobiographical and Cultural Influences in F. Scott Fitzgerald's ‘Tender is the Night’
No full textLike most of his contemporaries of the American men of letter who spent long years as expatriates in Europe, F. Scott Fitzgerald's most works are influenced by either autobiographical elements or some philosophical, scientific and historical sources, which are put together in terms of "cultural elements". The main sources and material of Fitzgerald's fictional works in general and in ‘‘Tender is the Night’’ in particular are those of autobiographical and cultural influences that played major roles in setting the environments, delineating the characters and suggesting the themes of his works. The present paper sheds light on the autobiographical influences on Fitzgerald's ‘‘Tender is the Night’’ besides the impact of the writer's readings in history, philosophy and poetry in making and shaping this novel.
Key words: Fitzgerald, autobiographical, philosophical, Dick Diver, Nicole
The Impact of Developing Short-Term Memory on the Interpretation Performance of Students
No full text This paper is concentrated on the impacts of short-term memory development techniques on students’ performance in interpretation courses. Subjects of the study are chosen among senior students of the Translation Department, Cihan University-Erbil. Based on the result of the current study to develop the interpretation skills of students and trainees, interpretation teaching programs should not only focus on theoretical and practical aspects of interpretation but also cognitive aspects such as memory development. In other words, the findings show that memory boosting techniques have a meaningful impact on the interpretation performance of students; Therefore, practical courses to develop students’ memory must be added to the curricula to prepare students for accomplishing their tasks successfully.
 
The Role of Cameraman in Media Production Technique in Kurdish Satellite Channels
No full textلەگەڵ ئەوەی وێنەگری تەلەفزیۆنی لەتەکنیکی بەرهەمهێنانی میدیاییدا پێگەیەکی بەرچاو و رۆڵێکی سەرەکی هەیە، بەڵام هێشتا ناڕوونییەک هەیە لەوەی، کە ئایا وێنەگری تەلەفزیۆنی لە کەناڵە ئاسمانییە کوردییەکاندا توانیویانە بەشێوازێکی پرۆفیشناڵ هاندەرو یارمەتیدەربن لە بەرهەمهێنانی بەرهەمە میدیاییەکاندا. بۆیە توێژەران بەپەیڕەوکردنی رێبازێکی زانستی هەوڵدەدەن بزانن وێنەگری تەلەفزیۆنی لەتەکنیکی بەرهەمهێنانی میدیاییدا چ رۆڵێکی هەیەو شارەزایی وێنەگری تەلەفزیۆنی کەناڵە ئاسمانییە کوردییەکان لەتەکنیکی بەرهەمهێنانی میدیاییدا، لە چ ئاستێکدایە. ئەم توێژینەوەیە هەوڵێکی زانستییە بۆ هەڵسەنگاندنی رۆڵی وێنەگری تەلەفزیۆنی لەتەکنیکی بەرهەمهێنانی میدیایی لەکەناڵە ئاسمانییە کوردییەکاندا، لەڕێی سامپڵێک لە وێنەگرانی تەلەفزیۆنی کەناڵە ئاسمانییە کوردییەکان، کە تیایدا ئاماژە بە رۆڵ و کاریگەری وێنەگرانی تەلەفزیۆنی ئەو کەناڵانە لەبەرهەمهێنانی بەرهەمە میدیاییەکاندا کراوە، جۆری توێژینەوەکە وەسفییەو رێبازی راپێوی بەکارهاتووە، لەسەر سامپڵێک لە وێنەگرانی تەلەفزیۆنی کەناڵە ئاسمانییە هەواڵییە کوردییەکان، (93)وێنەگر وەكو سامپڵی توێژینەوەكە بەشێوەیەكی مەبەستدار لە كەناڵەئاسمانییە هەواڵییەكوردییەكان وەرگیراوەو لەڕێی فۆڕمی راپرسییەوە پێوانەی راکانییان کراوە. لە گرنگترین ئەو ئەنجامانەی، كە توێژەران پێیگەیشتوون زۆربەی زۆری وێنەگرانی تەلەفزیۆنی کەناڵە ئاسمانییە کوردییەکان لەڕەگەزی نێرینەن، هەروەها کەمتەرخەمی کامێرامان لەپشکنینی ئامێرەکانی کارکردن، هۆکارە بۆ زیادبوونی تێچوونی بەرهەمهێنان. سەربەخۆیی و دەستکراوەیی کامێرامان لەکارکردندا، کاریگەریی ئەرێنی لەسەر ئەدای کارەکەی هەیە. لەكۆتایی توێژینەوەكەشدا چەند پێشنیازو راسپاردەیەك خراوەتەڕوو.Inspite of the fact that cameramen have a main and an important role in media production technique; there is still a nonobvious side whether Cameramen in the Kurdish satellite TV channels were able able to assist and encourage in the production of media products professionally. Thus, the researchers try to find out the role of cameramen in media production technique in a scientific method and to see the experience of cameramen of Kurdish TV channels is at what level in the media production technique. This research is a scientific approach to evaluate the role of cameramen in media production technique of Kurdish TV channels through a sample of a group of cameramen in which the role and effect of these cameramen in the production of these media products of the channels are mentioned. The research is a descriptive research and an opinion method has been used on the cameramen of TV satellite news channels, 93 cameramen of Kurdish satellite TV news channels were chosen as the sample research intentionally, and their opinions are taken through a sample survey. The most important conclusions in which the researchers have observed during the research are, male gender makes the largest part of cameramen in TV satellite Kurdish channels, non responsibility of the cameraman to check the working devices is a reason to increase the production fee, the independence of the cameraman in his work has a positive effect on the cameraman’s performance, and at the end of the research project some suggestions and recommendations have been given
The Rise of the Chinese Role in the Middle East and its Reflection on Regional Security
No full textمنذ مطلع القرن الحادي والعشرين، ازداد اهتمام جمهورية الصين الشعبية بالدور الخارجي القائم على ادوات اقتصادية بغية الوصول الى الفائدة القصوى للمصالح القومية الصينية، وترافق هذا الدور مع احتدام التنافس بين الدول الكبرى في اقاليم مختلفة كان نصيب منطقة الشرق الاوسط هو الاكبر في هذا التنافس. ترتبط الصين بمصالح وثيقة في منطقة الشرق الاوسط قائمة على الطاقة والأسواق، وازدادت هذه المصالح لتدخل المجالين السياسي والأمني مع المتغيرات الحاصلة في المنطقة، حتى وصل الأمر الى مراحل متقدمة في منافسة نفوذ القوى الكبرى التقليدية في المنطقة (الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية واوروبا). وفي العقد الأخير، ازداد حجم الانغماس الصيني في قضايا المنطقة، وهو ما بدأ يشكل تهديداً اقتصادياً واستراتيجياً لنفوذ القوى الكبرى التقليدية، ولما يمثله هذا التهديد من انعكاس مباشر على الأوضاع الأمنية في منطقة رخوة كالشرق الأوسط، يزداد الأهتمام ببحث الآثار المستقبلية المترتبة على هذا الصعود الصيني في جوانب الأمن والاقتصاد والسياسة.Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, the People’s Republic of China’s interest in the external role based on economic tools has increased in order to reach the maximum benefit for the Chinese national interests. This role has been accompanied by the intensification of competition between the major countries in different regions. The Middle East region’s share was the largest in this competition. China has close interests in the Middle East based on energy and markets, and these interests have increased to enter the political and security fields with the changes taking place in the region, until it has reached advanced stages in competing with the influence of the traditional major powers in the region (the United States of America and Europe). In the last decade, the extent of Chinese involvement in the region's issues has increased, which has begun to pose an economic and strategic threat to the influence of the traditional major powers, and as this threat represents a direct reflection on the security situation in a soft region such as the Middle East, the interest in examining the future effects of this Chinese rise has increased. In the aspects of security, economics and politics
A Comparison of Chemical Compounds between Anti-Diabetic Drug and Some Medicinal Plants
No full textType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a kind of diabetes marked by high blood sugar, insulin, and insulin insufficiency. Adult-onset diabetes is another name for it. Increased thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss are common indications and symptoms. Metformin side effects include metallic taste, weakness, diarrhea, stomach upset, lactic acidosis, and vomiting. Two other side effects are asthenia and a Vitamin B12 deficiency. Many recent studies and most health experts recommend basil seed as a better Metformin substitute. The research investigates why patients who consume basil seeds have a similar response to those who take Metformin. The methodology of the study consisted of two main steps, first step is to analyze basil and use HPLC to determine its chemical components. The second step is to compare the broken-down components to Metformin-composed materials, which is done by diluting with methanol/water (50:50 v/v) and removing the fat layer using 20 mL hexane. The findings showed that basil seed and Metformin had the most similar component structure, thus the foundlings concluded that patients had the same responses without the Metformin side effects, implying that basil seed stabilizes blood sugar levels
The Role of Literature in Challenging Cultural Imperialism: A Postcolonial Study
No full textThe reality of cultural imperialism is a subject that has been extensively explored by many scholars. Many writers have written out their thoughts about this crucial topic. In this sense, it is imperative to understand that imperialism would not exist without the establishment of an Empire. However, all dominated territories have experienced a high level of cultural imperialism; and this structure has affected their lives, history, identity, uniqueness, and the way they live. The truth is that the superior force subjugates the weaker one and imposes its culture over it and this is where the theorization of cultural imperialism begins to come into form. However, this mindset of cultural imperialism has made the modern superpower to continue to influence the way other nations of the world live even without the cultural consensus. The expansion of the modern Empire brought about colonialism and eventually led to cultural imperialism. The writers have tried to write in a way that reflects the resistant spirit in which the literature is used in challenging this peculiar phenomenon. It is in this sense this study examines how literature becomes an effective weapon in challenging cultural imperialism—a new form of imperialist system that we experience in recent times
Protection of Women and Children in Light of the Provisions of International Humanitarian Law during Armed Conflict
No full textالنزاعات المسلحة سواء إن كانت نزاعات دولية تثار بين الدول أم نزاعات مسلحة غير دولية تندلع على ارض دولة واحدة، فهي غالبا ما تتعدى نطاق المعركة نظرا؛ لاستخدام آلة الحرب الحديثة طويلة المدى وواسعة الانتشار. فتلتهم كل ما يقف أمامها، ودمار للدول والشعوب سواء للمنتصر أو المهزوم، وينتج عنها انتهاكات خطيرة وقاسية يتعرض لها الإنسان وخاصا النساء و الأطفال والشيوخ. ولقد عانت هذه الفئة عبر التاريخ من ويلات الحروب والعنف يقع عليهم جراء النزاعات المسلحة، والإذلال وإهدار الكرامة، وهم أول الضحايا التي تنجم عنها النزاعات المسلحة، فالعنف الموجه نحوهم غير مبرر وعنف مبالغ فيه، وموجهة ضدهم وكأنهم أهدافا عسكرية. ومن اجل حمايتهم والحد من استهدافهم ، فقد تضمنت قواعد القانون الدولي الإنساني الواردة في اتفاقيات جنيف الأربعة عام 1949 والبروتوكولين 1977 احكاما بشأن حماية المدنيين، وخاصة الأتفاقية الرابعة لجنيف بشأن حماية الأشخاص المدنيين في وقت النزاعات المسلحة، والاجراءات الواجب إتباعها لمواجهة انتهاكات حقوق المرأة والطفل كجزء من السكان المدنيين كغيرهم من الفئات المحمية ، وحماية خاصة ايضا ، وكذلك كمقاتلين ،فهي واجبة الإتباع وملزمة لكل الدول الأطراف بالاتفاقية. وتحمل المسؤولية الدولية عند انتهاك قواعد الحماية القانونية.Armed conflicts, whether international conflicts arise between states or non-international armed conflicts that break out on the territory of one country, they are often beyond the scope of the battle given the use of the modern, long-term and widespread war machine. It devoured everything that stood before it, and the destruction of states and peoples, whether the victor or the vanquished, and it resulted in serious and severe violations against the human being, especially women, children and the elderly. Throughout history, this group has suffered from the scourge of wars and violence that falls upon them as a result of armed conflicts, humiliation and the loss of dignity. They are the first victims that result in armed conflicts. Violence directed at them is unjustified and exaggerated and directed against them as if they were military targets. In order to protect them and limit their targeting, the rules of international humanitarian law contained in the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the 1977 Protocols 1977 included provisions on the protection of civilians, in particular the Fourth Geneva Convention on the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of Armed Conflict, and the procedures to be followed to address violations of the rights of women and children as part of The civilian population, like other protected groups, also has special protection, as well as combatants, as it is obligatory and binding on all states parties to the agreement. And take international responsibility when violating the rules of legal protection.
 
Determinants of Tax Incentives and the Effect of Corporate Tax Rate on the Foreign Direct Investment: Empirical Analysis of Iraqi Government Tax Policy with Comparison to KRG’s Regulations
No full textCorporate tax incentives are granted by governments to encourage foreign direct investment FDI. While the tax policy in Iraq varies for both domestic and foreign investments, the Iraqi government offers tax holidays between 3 to 10 years to attract foreign investors to do their desirable investments. The objective of this research is to analyze how Iraqi's corporate tax rate affects FDI, and study the comparison between Iraqi and KRG tax policies. The data are annual observations of the Iraqi tax rate which is the net percentage of profit, and FDI net percentage of GDP. The time-series data from 2005 to 2019 were employed. Three distinct sorts of tests are engaged in this research, the first stage unit root test is conducted to determine the stationary of the data, secondly, Johansen co-integration test was used to find co-integration between variables, and finally, the Granger Causation test is used to determine causality among variables over the period. The finding result shows that the tax rate and FDI are co-integrated and have a long-run relationship. Particularly, foreign direct investment is impacted by changes in the tax rate, while fluctuation in the number of FDI has not any influence on the tax rate
The Relation of Social Media to the Family Security: Divorce as a Model
No full textخێزان بەیەکەم خانەى پێگەیاندنى تاکەکانى کۆمەڵگە دادەنرێ، لەژێر چەترى خیزاندا ئاسایشى ئەندامان تاڕادەیەکى زۆر پارێزراو دەبێ، بەڵام جیابونەوە بەگەورەترین هەڕەشە و مەترسى بۆ سەر خێزان دادەنرێ. ئامانجى سەرەکى ئەم توێژینەوەیە بریتیە لە دەستنیشانکردنى پەیوەندى بەکارهێنانى تۆڕە کۆمەڵایەتیەکان بەئاسایشى خێزان، کە جیابونەوە بەنمونە وەرگیراوە، لەم توێژینەوەیەدا میتۆدی (وەسفی- بەڕێگەی ڕووپێوی كۆمەڵایەتی بەنموونە) بەکارهاتوە بۆ وەسفكردن و هەڵسەنگاندن و گەیشتن بەئەنجامەكان و دیاریكردنی ئاستی پەیوەندییەکانى بەكارهێنانی تۆڕی كۆمەڵایەتیەکان لەسەر ئاسایشی خێزان بەتایبەت جیابونەوە بۆ ئەوەش (١٧٠) کەس لە هەولێر، کە ژیانى هاوسەریان پێکهێناوە بونەتە نمونەى توێژینەوەکە. وەک لە توێژینەوەکەدا خراوەتەڕو، داتا و ئامارەکانى ئەنجومەنى باڵاى دادوەرى لە هەرێمى کوردستان دەریدەخەن، زیادبونى ڕێژەى جیابونەوە لە کوردستان هاوکات لەگەڵ بڵاوبونەوەى زیاترى تۆڕە کۆمەڵایەتیەکان لە کوردستان، لە دەرئەنجامى ئەم توێژینەوەیەدا دەرکەوتوە تۆڕە کۆمەڵایەتیەکان، لەناویاندا فەیسبووك و ئینستاگرام مەترسى گەورەیان لەسەر ئاسایشى خێزان و ژیانى هاوسەران دروستکردوە و، بونەتە یەکێک لە هۆکارە سەرەکیەکانى جیابونەوەى ژن و مێرد لە یەکتر.
The family is the first individual growth cell in the community, and with the family's support, the safety of the members will be relatively safe, but divorce is the greatest threat to the family. The primary purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the use of social media and family's security, as in this research, the method (description - through community surveys, for example, to describe, evaluate, reach conclusions, and determine the level of relationships between the use of social media to family security, especially divorce. Therefore, those 170 people, who were married in Erbil, are considered as good samples in this survey. As shown in the research, data, and statistics from the Supreme Judicial Council in the Kurdistan Region, show that the increase in divorce rates in Kurdistan coincides with the further expansion of social media in Kurdistan, thereby raising social networks awareness, including Facebook and Instagram raising concerns about the safety of the family, and the lives of spouses. It is worth mentioning that it has become one of the main causes of the couple's divorce.