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Exploring the impact of mesenchymal stem cells on chronic wound repair
Get PDFIntroduction: Chronic wounds are a significant medical concern, especially among the aging
population, with conditions like diabetic ulcers, and venous leg ulcers being prominent examples.
These wounds often fail to heal due to various factors such as impaired cellular regeneration, prolonged
inflammation, and poor vascularization. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), known for their
multipotency and regenerative potential, have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for chronic
wound healing. This review evaluates the current understanding of MSCs' role in chronic wound
healing, highlighting their mechanisms of action and clinical relevance.
Materials and Methods: The reviewed studies included a variety of in vitro and in vivo models,
alongside clinical trials, investigating the effects of MSCs on chronic wound healing. Key databases
like PubMed and Scopus were searched using terms such as "mesenchymal stem cells," "chronic
wound healing," and "wound regeneration." Both preclinical and clinical studies published within the
last decade were included to assess the potential of MSC therapies in chronic wound management.
Research focused on the mechanisms of MSCs, including their ability to modulate inflammation,
promote angiogenesis, and enhance tissue regeneration.
Results: Mesenchymal stem cells have demonstrated considerable promise in chronic wound
treatment. In vitro studies have shown that MSCs can enhance fibroblast proliferation, collagen
synthesis, and extracellular matrix formation, which are crucial for wound healing. In vivo, MSCs have
been shown to reduce inflammation by modulating immune responses, thereby preventing excessive
scar tissue formation. Furthermore, their paracrine factors—such as growth factors, cytokines, and
extracellular vesicles—play a significant role in promoting angiogenesis, epithelialization, and tissue
remodeling. Clinical trials have also reported improved healing rates, reduced infection, and enhanced
tissue regeneration in patients with chronic wounds following MSC therapy.
Conclusion: Mesenchymal stem cells offer a promising therapeutic option for chronic wound
management due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. While preclinical data and
early-stage clinical studies are promising, more large-scale, well-designed clinical trials are necessary
to establish optimal treatment protocols, dosages, and long-term efficacy. MSCs could potentially
transform the management of chronic wounds, providing a much-needed solution for a condition that
remains a major challenge in healthcare today
Explorarea relatiei dintre modele de diete si polimorfismul Rs2241766 în gena adiponectinei în boala coronariană: un studiu de interacțiune genă-dietă
No full textThe coronary artery disease remains a major health issue worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries where genetic predispositions significantly contribute to its prevalence.
This study, conducted at Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, India, from
January to April 2024, investigates the relationship between dietary patterns, genetic variations in
Adiponectin, and coronary artery disease risk. Genetic analysis of the adiponectin (45T/G) polymorphism was performed using the Tetra-primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System Polymerase
Chain Reaction method.
The results revealed notable links between genetic variations, dietary behaviours, and health indicators coronary artery disease patients. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements showed
that narrowed coronary arteries were associated with elevated BMI and waist circumference. Lifestyle and sleep patterns also differed significantly between the groups. Among coronary artery disease participants, 64% followed non-vegetarian diets, with higher consumption of red meat and
fast food, negatively impacting lipid profiles. The rs2241766 GG genotype of the adiponectin gene
was significantly associated with these dietary habits (p<0.01) and obesity (OR=5.1429, p=0.0084).
Similarly, the GT genotype demonstrated a strong correlation with obesity (OR=22.15, p < 0.050).
This study highlights the intricate connections between genetic predispositions, dietary choices,
and coronary artery disease risk. The rs2241766 GG genotype emerged as a strong predictor of
coronary artery disease susceptibility compared to the rs2231142 TT genotype, emphasizing the
complex interplay of diet, genetics and obesity in coronary artery disease development.Boala coronarianä rämâne a fi o problemă majoră de sănätate la nivel global, în special în ţările cu venituri mici şi medii,unde predispozițiile genetice contribuie în mod semnificativ la prevalența acesteia.
Studiul a fost realizat la Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, India, din ianuarie până
în aprilie 2024, şi a investigat relația dintre regimurile alimentare, variatiile genetice ale adiponectinei şi
riscul de boală coronariană. Analiza genetică a polimorfismului adiponectinei (45T/G) a fost efectuată
utilizând metoda Tetra-primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System Polymerase Chain Reaction.
Au fost evidențiate legāturi notabile între variațiile genetice, comportamentele alimentare şi indicatorii de sänätate la pacienţii cu boală coronarianä. Mäsurätorile antropometrice şi biochimice
au demonstrat că arterele coronare îngustate au fost asociate cu indicele de masă corporală şi
circumferința taliei crescute. Printre participanții cu boli coronariene, 64% au urmat diete non-vegetariene, cu un consum mai mare de carne roşie şi fast-food, influenţând negativ profilurile lipidice.
Genotipul rs 2241766 GG al genei adiponectinei a fost asociat semnificativ cu aceste obiceiuri alimentare (p<0,01) şi cu obezitatea (OR=5,1429, p=0,0084). în mod similar, genotipul GT a demonstrat
o corelaţie puternică cu obezitatea (OR=22,15, p <0,050).
Acest studiu relevă conexiunile polivalente dintre predispozițiile genetice, selectarea dietei şi riscul
de afecţiune coronariană. Genotipul rs2241766 GG s-a manifestat ca un predictor puternic al susceptibilității la boala coronariană în comparație cu genotipul rs2231142 TT, subliniind interacţiunea
complexă a dietei, geneticii şi a obezității în dezvoltarea bolii coronariene
Controlled release of active substance after double loading of demineralized cancellous bone
Get PDFIntroduction. Demineralized bone graft (DBG) preparation involves substantial growth factor loss
due to prolonged liquid exposure during demineralization, marrow and fat removal, and pH restoration.
Albumins bind various endogenous substances and drugs in blood, and their incorporation into
demineralized bone enhances regeneration. This study investigates the controlled release of
biologically active substances from primary DBM loading after secondary bovine serum albumin
(BSA) impregnation.
Materials and methods: Demineralized cancellous bone was obtained from bovine iliac bone using
0.5 M HCl and processed per Human Tissue Bank protocols. To assess controlled release, primary
coating was performed using Methylene Blue (MB) 10X solution (BioGnost, Croatia). Thirteen DBG
samples were vacuumed at 400 mBar, then immersed in 150 ml of 325 µg/ml MB. Four groups were
established based on secondary loading: (1) Positive control (MB+dH2O), (2) MB+10%BSA, (3)
MB+20%BSA, and (4) Negative control (MB only). DBG weights did not significantly differ across
groups (p > 0.2). After secondary vacuum loading with BSA, samples were frozen at -80°C and freezedried. MB release was assessed during 33 days by spectrophotometry at 570 nm (BioTek Instruments,
USA).
Results and Conclusions. The MB release differed significantly (p<0.05) between control groups
from 4 hours to day 8, with higher release in the negative control. After this period, no significant
difference was observed (p>0.05). Compared to the positive control, MB release in experimental
groups did not differ within the first 6 hours (MB+10%BSA) or 21 hours (MB+20%BSA) (p>0.05).
However, from this point until day 6, MB release was significantly higher in the positive control
(p0.05). MB release in the negative control was significantly higher than
in experimental groups for the first 11 days (p<0.05), with no significant differences observed across
groups from day 11 to day 33 (p>0.05) (Fig. 1)
Onlay restoration in the treatment of dental crown lesions using direct and indirect methods
No full textIntroducere. Leziunile odontale coronare reprezintă o problemă frecvent întâlnită în stomatologia modernă,
având un impact semnificativ asupra sănătății orale și a esteticii dentare. Restaurarea onlay constituie o soluție minim
invazivă, utilizată pentru restabilirea eficientă a dinților afectați, care poate fi efectuată prin metoda directă și indirectă.
Scopul lucrării. De comparat metoda directă și metoda indirectă de tratament al leziunilor odontale
coronare prin restaurările onlay.
Material și metode. Studiul a inclus un lot de 20 de pacienți, dintre care 12 au fost tratați prin metoda directă,
iar 8 prin metoda indirectă. Restaurările directe au fost realizate folosind materiale compozite fotopolimerizabile,
iar pentru restaurările indirecte s-a utilizat ceramica dentară. Pe lângă tratamentele efectuate, pacienților li s-au
oferit chestionare standardizate pentru evaluarea impactului asupra sănătății orale și satisfacției post-tratament.
Rezultate. Pentru a evalua nivelul de afectare psiho-somatică a pacienților din studiu, s-a utilizat chestionarul
OIDP (Oral Impacts on Daily Performance), 14 pacienți (70%) au raportat un impact emoțional semnificativ
legat de problema dentară, manifestând anxietate, scăderea încrederii în sine și disconfort social, 6 pacienți
(30%) au declarat că nu au resimțit o afectare psihosomatică majoră, simțind doar disconfort. După chestionarea
satisfacției pacienților post-tratament, pacienții care au beneficiat de metoda directă, 75,2% s-au declarat satisfăcuți
de rezultate, în timp ce 24,8% au avut rezerve legate de estetică sau confort. Metoda indirectă a generat
un nivel mai ridicat de satisfacție, 89,2% dintre pacienți exprimându-și aprecierea față de tratamentul efectuat.
Concluzii. Ambele metode de restaurare onlay sunt eficiente și reprezintă opțiuni viabile pentru tratamentul
leziunilor odontale coronare. Metoda directă oferă avantajul unui tratament rapid, costuri mai reduse și o
conservare mai mare a structurii dentare sănătoase. Metoda indirectă asigură o adaptare marginală mai precisă
și o durabilitate mai mare, factori care contribuie la un nivel mai ridicat de satisfacție din partea pacienților.Background. Dental crown lesions are a common issue in modern dentistry, significantly affecting oral
health and dental aesthetics. The onlay restoration is a minimally invasive solution used for the efficient rehabilitation
of affected teeth and can be performed using either direct and indirect methods.
Objective of the study. To compare the direct and indirect treatment methods for dental crown lesions
through onlay restorations.
Material and Methods. The study included a group of 20 patients, of whom 12 were treated using the direct
method and 8 by the indirect method. Direct restorations were performed using light-cured composite materials,
whereas dental ceramics were used for indirect restorations. In addition to the treatments performed, patients were
provided with standardized questionnaires to assess the impact on oral health and post-treatment satisfaction.
Results. To evaluate the level of psychosomatic impact on the patients in the study, the OIDP (Oral Impacts
on Daily Performance) questionnaire was used. Thus, 14 patients (70%) reported a significant emotional impact
related to their dental problem, manifesting anxiety, decreased self-confidence and social discomfort. In contrast,
6 patients (30%) stated that they did not feel a major psychosomatic impairment, only mild discomfort. Following
the post-treatment satisfaction survey, 75.2% of patients treated with the direct method reported being satisfied
with the results, while 24.8% expressed concerns regarding aesthetics or comfort. The indirect method generated
a higher level of satisfaction, with 89.2% of patients expressing appreciation for the treatment received.
Conclusions. Both onlay restoration methods are effective and represent viable options for the treatment
of dental crown lesions. The direct method offers the advantage of faster treatment, lower costs, and
greater preservation of healthy dental structures. The indirect method ensures more precise marginal adaptation
and greater durability, factors contributing to a higher level of patient satisfaction
Use of cell transplants in jaw reconstructive surgeries
Get PDFIntroduction: During th eyears 2006-2024, a lot of 190 patients were studied, all of which underwent
treatment in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, for jaw bone necrosis, caused by drug
use, bisphosphonates or radiotherapy. The patients were observed for a period of 5-15 years, some of
which needed reconstructive surgeries. For a faster formation of bone tissue were used cell transplants
and acrylic removable dentures.
Materials and Methods: The study was performed on 10 patients, who had multiple treatments in the
department of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The research contained data from the anamnesis, history
of the disease, clinical examination, and paraclinical examination. Cell transplantation was used,
collected from the ileum bone grafting and produced at The Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and
Cell Cultures of the Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, in cooperation
with the Human Tissue Bank from Orthopedic and Traumatology Hospital from the Republic of
Moldova.
Results: This method was performed on 4 women and 6 men of 35-55 years of age. The reconstruction
surgery of the upper jaw included the closing of the oro-sinusal communication, by forming a
mucoperiosteal graft from the hard palate and repositiong and suturing it onto the defect, with later
injecting cell transplant into the surgical site. After 14 days an acrylic removable denture is
confectioned, which stimulates bone tissue growth by applying pressure. After the reconstruction
surgery of the oral cavity the communication may form again due to lack of tissue, but this method
prevents contamination of the sinus with food, as well as stimulates osteocyte growth.
Conclusions: The use of cell transplants and acrylic dentures after reconstruction surgery of the upper
jaw speeds up the healing process and forming of bone tissue
Biomaterials and nanotechnology in dental osseointegration
Get PDFIntroduction: The osseointegration is a process of bone ingrowth into the surface of a load-carrying
implant. Due to its low elastic modulus, excellent biocompatibility and resistance to corrosion, titanium
is the most applicable material in dental implantology. The dental tissue is characterized by continuous
demineralization and remineralization processes. As a bone-specific non-collagen, modular
extracellular matrix protein, the osteonectin has selective properties to bind to insolubilized type I
collagen and hydroxyapatite, initiating bone mineralization. It also influences the osteoblasts
differentiation, maturation and survival, regulating cells behavior and new bone formation. Our goal
was to identify the most suitable materials for a successful osseointegration.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review of 57 articles, published in the past 10 years within
PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, supplying information about
morphology of dental implants osseointegration, was conducted.
Results: According to the reported data, for a better osseointegration the implants are coated with
various bioactive molecules and inorganic elements such as: nanodots, nanorods and nanotubes, which
increase the cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. It was determined that microtopography of
the implant leads to induction of the extracellular mechanical signals and their transformation into
intracellular biochemical signals. The Wnt/β catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in
osteogenic differentiation, induced by ordered-micro and disordered-nano patterned structures. The
micro-patterned structures influence on geometry, aspect ratio, alignment morphology and behavior of
the mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs). Variation of cell morphology can be a trigger mechanism in
rearrangement of cytoskeleton, inducing its mechanical stimulation. Mechanotransduction has an
important role in micromorphology of the induced osteogenesis, with a remodeling action on actin
cytoskeleton, caused by microtopography signal, though the mechanotransductive pathways,
determining the osteogenic differentiation of the (MSCs) into osteoblasts and osteocytes, ensuring
deposition of the collagen matrix and formation of a new bone.
Conclusion: The osseointegration process can be influenced by external coating of the implant surface
with nanoparticles, the microtopography of the implant playing a significant role in osseointegration.
The micromorphology and remodeling action on the actin cytoskeleton, can be influenced by
mechanotransduction, triggering the osteogenic differentiation of the (MSCs)
CO2 laser-assisted blepharoplasty: modern approach
No full textIntroducere. Blefaroplastia cu laser CO₂ a devenit o tehnică esențială în chirurgia pleoapelor de la introducerea sa în
anii 1980. Lungimea de undă a laserului CO₂ (10.600 nm) este puternic absorbită de apă, ceea ce determină vaporizarea rapidă
a celulelor epidermice bogate în apă. Această proprietate permite o ablație tisulară precisă, asigură hemostază eficientă
și facilitează remodelarea colagenului. Comparativ cu tehnicile convenționale cu bisturiul, chirurgia asistată de laser CO₂
oferă beneficii, precum reducerea sângerării intraoperatorii, recuperare mai rapidă și rezultate estetice superioare.
Scopul lucrării. Acest studiu evaluează eficacitatea și siguranța blefaroplastiei asistate de laser CO₂ în chirurgia
pleoapelor superioare și inferioare, comparativ cu tehnicile convenționale, concentrându-se pe rezultatele estetice și
funcționale, satisfacția pacienților și complicațiile postoperatorii.
Material și metode. A fost realizată o revizuire sistematică bazată pe publicații din baze de date precum PubMed, Web
of Science și ClinicalTrials.gov, incluzând studii recente privind blefaroplastia superioară. Evaluările au inclus măsurători ale
presiunii intraoculare, topografia corneană, stabilitatea filmului lacrimal, simptomele de ochi uscat și satisfacția estetică. Blefaroplastia
cu laser CO₂ a fost comparată cu blefaroplastia excizională tradițională utilizând bisturiul și electrocauterul.
Rezultate. Laserul CO₂ reduce sângerarea intraoperatorie datorită coagulării simultane a vaselor, oferind astfel o vizibilitate
mai bună a planurilor chirurgicale. Pacienții supuși blefaroplastiei cu laser CO₂ au prezentat edem și echimoze postoperatorii
semnificativ reduse comparativ cu metodele convenționale. Efectul termic al laserului induce contracția colagenului și
stimulează neocolageneza, contribuind la fermitatea pielii și la îmbunătățirea rezultatelor estetice pe termen lung. Studiile arată
că blefaroplastia cu laser CO₂ are un impact minim asupra stabilității filmului lacrimal, rezultatele testului Schirmer neindicând
diferențe semnificative față de tehnicile convenționale. Tehnicile de blefaroplastie superioară, inclusiv cea asistată de laser CO₂,
pot influența astigmatismul cornean, valorile keratometrice și grosimea centrală a corneei. Cu toate acestea, studiile pe termen
lung nu au evidențiat modificări vizuale semnificative. În general, pacienții au raportat un nivel ridicat de satisfacție față de
procedurile asistate de laser CO₂ datorită rezultatelor estetice îmbunătățite și a unei perioade de recuperare mai scurte. Cele
mai frecvente complicații includ dehiscența minoră a plăgii și iritațiile cutanate temporare. Totuși, intervențiile cu laser CO₂ au
prezentat o incidență mai scăzută a cicatricilor și a modificărilor pigmentare comparativ cu electrocauterul.
Concluzii. Blefaroplastia asistată de laser CO₂ oferă avantaje semnificative față de tehnicile tradiționale, inclusiv
hemostază îmbunătățită, timp de recuperare redus și efecte superioare de tonifiere a pielii. Riscul de complicații este redus,
iar satisfacția pacienților este în general ridicată. Studiile viitoare ar trebui să se concentreze pe optimizarea parametrilor
laserului pentru a îmbunătăți și mai mult siguranța și eficacitatea, reducând în același timp riscul de complicații.Background. CO₂ laser blepharoplasty has become an essential technique in eyelid surgery since its introduction
in the 1980s. The wavelength of the CO₂ laser (10,600 nm) is highly absorbed by water, leading to the rapid vaporization
of water-rich epidermal cells. This property enables precise tissue ablation, ensures effective hemostasis, and facilitates
collagen remodeling. Compared to conventional scalpel-based techniques, CO₂ laser-assisted surgery offers benefits such
as reduced intraoperative bleeding, faster recovery, and improved aesthetic outcomes.
Objective of the study. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of CO₂ laser-assisted blepharoplasty. in upper
and lower eyelid surgery compared to conventional techniques, focusing on aesthetic and functional results, patient satisfaction,
and postoperative complications.
Material and Methods. A systematic review was conducted. based on publications from PubMed, Web of Science,
and ClinicalTrials.gov, including recent studies on upper blepharoplasty. Evaluations included measurements of intraocular
pressure, corneal topography, tear film stability, symptoms of dry eye, and aesthetic satisfaction. CO₂ laser blepharoplasty
was compared to traditional excisional blepharoplasty using scalpels and electrocautery.
Results. The CO₂ laser reduces intraoperative bleeding due to simultaneous vessel coagulation, leading to better visibility
of surgical planes. Patients undergoing CO₂ laser blepharoplasty had significantly lower postoperative swelling and ecchymosis
compared to conventional methods. The thermal effect of the laser induces collagen contraction and stimulates neocollagenesis,
contributing to skin firmness and improved long-term aesthetic results. Studies indicate that CO₂ laser blepharoplasty
has minimal impact on tear film stability, with Schirmer test results showing no significant difference compared to conventional
techniques. Upper blepharoplasty techniques, including CO₂ laser-assisted procedures, may influence corneal astigmatism,
keratometry values, and central corneal thickness. However, long-term studies have not shown significant visual impairment.
Overall, patients reported high satisfaction levels with CO₂ laser-assisted procedures due to improved aesthetic results and
shorter downtime. The most common complications included minor wound dehiscence and temporary skin irritation. However,
CO₂ laser procedures exhibited a lower incidence of scarring and pigmentary changes compared to electrocautery.
Conclusion. CO₂ laser-assisted blepharoplasty offers significant advantages. over traditional techniques, including
improved hemostasis, reduced recovery time, and enhanced skin tightening effects. The risk of complications is minimal,
and patient satisfaction remains high. Future studies should focus on optimizing laser parameters to further improve
safety and effectiveness while minimizing the risk of complications
Methods for protecting the dentin wound and the marginal periodontium in the fabrication of fixed prtostheses
No full textIntroducere. Avansarea tehnologiilor în medicina dentară și creșterea incidenței afecțiunilor parodontale
impun dezvoltarea unor metode eficiente de protecție a plăgii dentinare și a parodonțiului marginal în
confecționarea protezelor fixe. O presiune inadecvată asupra parodonțiului marginal poate provoca inflamație,
retracție gingivală și pierdere osoasă. Implementarea unor tratamente corecte, educarea pacientului și inovarea
tehnicilor sunt esențiale pentru optimizarea rezultatelor clinice și menținerea sănătății orale.
Scopul lucrării. Lucrarea urmărește studierea și aplicarea metodelor de protecție a plăgii dentinare și
a parodonțiului marginal în realizarea protezelor fixe, precum și propunerea unor recomandări practice adaptate
diverselor situații clinice.
Materiale și metode. A fost realizat un studiu clinic observațional pe 16 pacienți ce necesitau tratament protetic
cu proteze fixe. S-au analizat metode și tehnici moderne de protecție a plăgii dentinare și a parodonțiului marginal,
implementate în practica medicală și evaluate ulterior. S-a folosit o abordarea minim invazivă și atraumatică,
s-au utilizat tehnici de retracție gingivală chimică și mecanică, s-au confecționat proteze fixe provizorii. S-a realizat
prelucrarea plăgii dentinare cu apă oxigenată 3% sau soluție apoasă de tanină 5% și aplicarea agenților chimici de
protecție: folosirea de lacuri fluorurate, celuloid de 5%, țiacrin, biflourid-12, lacuri pe bază de poliuritan „Dentin
protector” (VIVODENT), Secura Varnihs, (WD Dental, Germania), „Gluma„ (Germania), cimenturi biocompatibile.
Rezultate. Metodele și materialele aplicate au demonstrat eficiență în protejarea plăgii dentinare și a
parodonțiului marginal, subliniind importanța utilizării acestora în tratamentele protetice complexe.
Concluzii. Studiul a confirmat rolul protecției plăgii dentinare și menținerii sănătății parodonțiului marginal
la confecționarea protezelor fixe. Analiza modificărilor tisulare și aplicarea unor metode adecvate de protecție
au asigurat integrarea optimă a protezelor, contribuind la succesul pe termen lung al reabilitării orale.Background. The advancement of technologies in dental medicine and the increase in the incidence of
periodontal diseases require the development of effective methods for protecting the dentin wound and the marginal
periodontium during the fabrication of fixed prostheses. Inadequate pressure on the periodontium can
cause inflammation, gingival recession, and bone loss. The implementation of proper treatments, patient education,
and innovation of techniques are essential for optimizing clinical outcomes and maintaining oral health.
Objective of the study. This study aims to analyze and apply methods for protecting the dentin wound
and the marginal periodontium in the fabrication of fixed prostheses, as well as to propose practical recommendations
adapted to various clinical situations.
Material and Methods. An observational clinical study was conducted on 16 patients requiring prosthetic
treatment with fixed prostheses. Modern methods and techniques for protecting the dentin wound and
the marginal periodontium were analyzed, implemented in clinical practice, and later evaluated. A minimally
invasive and atraumatic approach was used, with both chemical and mechanical gingival retraction techniques
applied, and provisional fixed prostheses were fabricated. The dentin wound was treated with 3% hydrogen
peroxide or a 5% tannin aqueous solution, followed by the application of chemical protection: fluoride varnishes,
5% cellulose, thiacrin, Bifluorid-12, polyurethane-based varnishes such as “Dentin Protector” (VIVODENT),
Secura Varnish (WD Dental, Germany), “Gluma” (Germany), and biocompatible cements.
Results. The methods and materials applied demonstrated effectiveness in protecting the dentin wound
and the marginal periodontium, highlighting the importance of their use in complex prosthetic treatments.
Conclusions. The study confirmed the role of dentin wound protection and the maintenance of marginal periodontal
health in the fabrication of fixed prostheses. The analysis of tissue changes and the application of appropriate
protective methods ensured optimal prosthesis integration, contributing to the long-term success of oral rehabilitation
Features of diagnostics and treatment of congenital reno-urinary anomalies in children
Get PDFRezumat.
Anomaliile congenitale ale rinichilor și tractului urinar (CAKUT)
reprezintă tulburări embrionare care apar în timpul dezvoltarii și rezultă într-un
spectru de defecte ale rinichilor și căilor urinare care includ: ureterele, vezica
urinara și uretra. CAKUT includ: hipoplazie și displazie renală, obstrucția
joncțiunii ureteropelvină (UPJO), megaureterul primar, reflux vezicoureteral
(RVU), obstrucția ureterovezicală (JOJ), sau valvele uretrei posterioare (PUV).
Conform bazelor de date EUROCAT, CAKUT asociat cu anomaliile cardiace,
reprezintă cel mai frecvent grup malformativ, afectând 0,5-1% dintre nounăscuți. Conform statisticelor frecvența CAKUT este estimată –4–60 la la
10.000 de nașteri, date raportate în funcție de registre, cu variații din cauza
diferențelor în dimensiunea eșantionului, metodele de diagnostic și diferențele
etnice dintre studii. Chiar dacă copiii cu CAKUT sunt adesea asimptomatici,
este demonstrat că CAKUT sunt implicate în 30% până la 60% din cazurile de
boală cronică de rinichi (BCR)cu debut în copilărie în diferite populații.Summary.
Congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT) are
embryonic disorders that occur during development and result in a spectrum of
defects of the kidneys and urinary tract including: ureters, bladder and urethra.
CAKUT include: renal hypoplasia and dysplasia, ureteropelvic junction anomalies is the most common malformative group, affecting 0.5-1% of
newborns. According to statistics the frequency of CAKUT is estimated to be -
4-60 per 10,000 births, data reported according to registers, with variations due
to differences in sample size, diagnostic methods and ethnic differences
between studies. Even though children with CAKUT are often asymptomatic,
CAKUT have been shown to be involved in 30% to 60% of childhood-onset
chronic kidney disease (CKD) cases in different populations.
obstruction (UPJO), primary megaureter, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR),
ureterovesical obstruction (UVO), or posterior urethral valves (PUV).
According to EUROCAT databases, CAKUT associated with cardia
Trends in the development of tissue grafts for biomedical applications
Get PDFAcknowledgement: This research was funded by NARD and UEFISCDI through the project Project
with No 23.70105.8007.01T:”Obtaining and testing of composite biomaterials based on umbilical –
placental collagen and hydroxyapatite for oral-maxillo-facial surgery” and “Nanostructured Bone
Grafts with Predetermined Properties- CollNanoBone” project number 29ROMD/20.05.2024.Introduction. Bone defects can occur as a result of trauma, infection, tumor, or extensive surgery.
Graft-assisted bone regeneration is an evolving field, with trends aimed at optimizing biocompatibility,
accelerating osseointegration, and reducing postoperative risks. New approaches focus on the use of
advanced biomaterials, cell therapies, and tissue bioengineering to improve clinical outcomes by
providing osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and osteogenic capacity.
Aim. The purpose of the study was to review the specialized literature to establish the optimal methods
and conditions for obtaining tissue grafts with commercial potential.
Materials and Methods. The bibliographic analysis consisted of reviewing publications from 2010-
2025 in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science databases to find studies that compare the clinical effects
of different commercial grafts obtained by various methods and mineralization conditions.
Results. Commercial grafts for the restoration of bone defects represent a viable solution in
orthopedics, traumatology and maxillofacial surgery. The choice of the optimal type of graft depends
on the size of the defect, the patient's condition and the therapeutic objectives. Thus, some grafts may
be more suitable for situations where both osteoinduction and osteoconduction are required, while
some grafts may require combinations with other materials for optimal integration.
Conclusions: Bone regeneration depends on the mineralization method that must be personalized
according to the type of bone defect and the clinical needs of the patient