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Sindromul post-COVID: provocări și complicații – o revizuire sistematică
Full text linkLong COVID, a condition that follows the acute phase of COVID-19, presents diverse clinical, psychological, and socioeconomic challenges, with complications such as fatigue, cognitive impairment,
musculoskeletal issues, and mental health conditions. Despite its impact, the burden of long COVID
symptoms on public health remains underexplored. This systematic review synthesizes current
evidence on the complications and challenges of long COVID to inform healthcare providers and
policymakers.
Material and methods A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases for studies
published between January 2020 and August 2024. Articles were selected based on inclusion criteria, including both qualitative and quantitative studies. The review adhered to PRISMA guidelines,
and the risk of bias was assessed using the NIHR risk-of-bias tool.
Results A total of 23 studies from 17 countries were included. Findings presented a multifaceted burden,
with physical symptoms such as fatigue (5.5%–84.4%), brain fog (67%), headaches (5%–76.6%) and
sleep disturbances (22%–60.9%). Psychological impacts were also prominent, with anxiety and depression frequently reported. Socioeconomic consequences were substantial, with up to 42.3% of
individuals unable to return to work.
Conclusions Long COVID poses significant challenges to individuals and public health systems. Despite emerging insights, there are substantial gaps in understanding and managing long COVID, underscoring
the need for further research and comprehensive healthcare strategies.Introducere Sindromul post-COVID, o afecțiune care survine după faza acută a COVID-19, presupune diverse provocări clinice, psihologice și socioeconomice, incluzând complicații precum oboseala, tulburările cognitive, problemele musculo-scheletale și afecțiunile de sănătate mintală. În pofida impactului său,
manifestarea simptomelor asociate sindromului post-COVID asupra sănătății publice rămâne insuficient investigată. Această revizuire sistematică sintetizează dovezile actuale privind complicațiile
și provocările sindromului post-COVID și a fost realizată cu scopul de a informa cadrele medicale și
factorii de decizie.
Material și metode A fost realizată o cercetare sistematică a literaturii în bazele de date PubMed și Scopus pentru studii publicate între ianuarie 2020 și august 2024. Articolele au fost selectate pe baza unor criterii de includere,
fiind luate în considerare atât studii calitative, cât și cantitative. Revizuirea a respectat ghidul PRISMA, iar
riscul de biais a fost evaluat utilizând instrumentul de estimare a riscului de biais al NIHR.
Rezultate Cercetarea a inclus 23 de studii din 17 țări. Rezultatele au relevat un profil simptomatic complex:
oboseală (5,5%–84,4%), disfuncții cognitive (67%), cefalee (5%–76,6%) și tulburările de somn (22%–
60,9%). Impactul psihologic a fost de asemenea semnificativ, anxietatea și depresia fiind raportate
frecvent. Consecințele socioeconomice au fost considerabile, până la 42,3% dintre persoane neputând să revină la muncă.
Concluzii Sindromul post-COVID reprezintă o provocare serioasă atât pentru un individ luat în parte, cât și
pentru întreg sistemul de sănătate publică. În pofida progreselor înregistrate, ne confruntăm încă
cu lacune semnificative în domeniul conștientizării și gestionării acestei afecțiuni. Acest fapt evedențiază necesitatea desfășurării unor cercetări suplimentare și a elaborării unor strategii de îngrijire complexe
Surgical treatment of children with very severe scoliosis
No full textIntroducere. Pînă în prezent, în boala scoliotică, atitudinea terapeutică rămâne
a fi discutabilă pe următoarele aspecte: Vîrsta cînd copilul poate fi operat?
Metoda chirurgicală optimală? Se impune, sau nu intervenţii la nivelul zonelor
de creştere şi a discurilor intervertebrale?
Scopul: ameliorarea calităţii vieţii copiilor cu diformităţi scoliotice grave și
extrem grave.
Material și metodă. Au fost examinaţi 109 pacienţi pre- şi postoperator, cu
diformităţi scoliotice grave cu etiologie diversă, supravegheaţi timp de 1-5 ani.
Vârsta copiilor – 6-17 ani; preponderent fete – 69(76 %).
Rezultate. Procedeele chirurgicale au fost diferenţiate, având ca scop:
înlăturarea factorului compresiv, a diformităţilor şi dezechilibrului; crearea
stabilităţii durabile a coloanei vertebrale. Rezultatele la distanță ale
tratamentului chirurgical: bune – 68,4%, satisfăcătoare – 24,1%,
nesatisfăcătoare – 3,5% cazuri.
Concluzii.
1. Metodele optimale de corecție a diformităților scoliotice severe rigide:
mobilizare ventrală a coloanei; corecția dorsală, fațetectomie Ponte, corecție pe
tot parcursul și fixația coloanei vertebrale cu construcție CD.
2. Tratamentul chirurgical al scoliozelor juvenile severe începe la 8-10 ani, cu
următoarele corecții dorsale cu “construcție în creștere“, fără efectuarea
fuziunii posterioare a coloanei vertebrale.
3. Corecția finală a diformației, spondilodeză posterioară și toracoplastică sunt
efectuate la sfârșitul perioadei de creștere a coloanei vertebrale.Introduction. At the present moment at scoliotic illness’ treatment, surgical
tactics remains discussed in the following aspects: At what age is it better to
operate? What surgical technique will be more effective? Whether surgical
intervention at the level of zones of growth and intervertebral disks will be
expedient?
Material and methods. 109 patients with severe scoliotic deformations have
been pre- and postoperatively examined. The evaluation included collecting of
anamnesis data, clinical examination, labs and imaging (standard radiography/
with functional tests, magnetic resonance) with a follow-up of 1 to 10 years.
Children were aged between 6 and 17 years; they were predominantly girls –
69(76 %).
Results. The main goals of surgical interventions were: elimination of the
compression factor, deformation and disbalance correction and spine
stabilization. The distant results of surgical treatment were good – 68,4%,
satisfactory – 24,1% and unsatisfactory – 3,5%.
Conclusions.
1. Optimum methods of correction of difficult rigid scoliotic spine
deformations were: forward spine release; dorsal correction, total fasetektomy
(the bottom and top facing) throughout correction by Pontus' method and
backbone fixation by a metal construction.
2. Surgical treatment of difficult juvenile scolioses began at 8-10 years old,
with the following dorsal correction by "a growing construction", without
posterior spine fusion execution.
3. Final correction of deformation, posterior spine spondylosyndesis and
thoracoplasty are carried out on the end of spine growth
Strengthening public health priorities through multisectoral approaches: insights from Moldova’s healthy life project 2017–2024
No full textContext. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality
in Moldova, posing major challenges to the health system and requiring coordinated responses
across all levels. In alignment with national public health priorities, the Healthy Life Project (HLP)
was launched in 2016 to strengthen primary healthcare (PHC) and health promotion as strategic
pillars for NCD prevention and control. To date, complex interventions from policy to rayon have
been implemented in collaboration with multisectoral partners. We share key lessons and strategic
recommendations based on patient-level data collected between 2017 and 2024, offering insights
to guide national and local health management.
Methods. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) surveys on NCDs were conducted in 2017
(baseline), 2020 (endline), and 2024 (follow-up) across 20 raions. Ten Batch-1 raions received
HLP interventions in Phase 1 (Jun 2016–Sep 2020), and ten Batch-2 raions during Phase 2 (Oct
2020–Sep 2021). This abstract focuses on changes observed from 2017 to 2024 in both batches,
presenting key findings on NCD risk factors and behaviors (blood pressure, diet, physical activity),
NCD knowledge, and patient rights awareness. Time trends and group differences were assessed
using multivariate mixed-effects linear and logistic regression models. Analyses were conducted
with and without population weights, adjusted for sex, age, education, location, and batch-by-time
interactions. Indicators were selected to reflect progress on key health promotion and NCD
management targets. Results were disaggregated by sex, age group, area, region, and education
level, aiming to inform public health decision-makers within the PHC system.
Results. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels decreased between 2017 and 2024 by 2
mmHg and 3 mmHg, respectively, with tangible improvements observed among women, younger
patients (aged 18–44 years), individuals with lower education, and residents of the northern region.
Physical activity declined overall, from 34% in 2017 to 26% in 2024, though initial gains were
noted among younger patients and those with lower education. Healthy eating improved slightly;
sugar intake declined, while fast food consumption increased. NCD knowledge scores more than
doubled, rising from 21% in 2017 to 50% in 2024, with the highest gains in the northern region.
Awareness of patient rights increased from 78% in 2020 to 89% in 2024, particularly among older patients (aged 45–69 years) and less-educated individuals. Efforts to reduce salt intake improved
modestly, while trans-fat reduction remained consistently high (above 75% in both 2020 and
2024), though with variation across subgroups.
Discussion. By building capacity in public health and health promotion—including engagement
with LPAs and other sectors—investing in family medicine-oriented PHC with a focus on
prevention, and improving population health literacy, the HLP contributed to measurable health
improvements, particularly in blood pressure reduction and enhanced NCD knowledge. These
results underscore the importance of sustained, community-oriented, and data-driven strategies in
public health management. Despite these achievements, ongoing challenges—including
pandemic-related setbacks, geopolitical instability, economic pressures, and regional disparities—
require strong coordination and long-term investment. To advance Moldova’s public health
priorities, it is essential to strengthen prevention through PHC, secure structural funding for health
promotion, and align multisectoral efforts with local needs. Tailored strategies for high-risk
groups, combined with continuous health education, communication campaigns, and monitoring,
should be part of sustainable public health action. The HLP offers valuable insights for scaling
community engagement and institutionalizing locally adapted practices in public health
management
Rehabilitation of patients with extensive maxillary bone defects
No full textIntroducere. Defectele osoase extinse ale maxilarelor, cauzate de traume severe, extirparea tumorilor benigne sau anomalii
congenitale, reprezintă o provocare majoră în chirurgia oro-maxilo-facială. Aceste leziuni compromit funcțiile esențiale
precum masticația, fonația și estetica facială, necesitând strategii avansate de reconstrucție osoasă și reabilitare funcțională.
Scopul lucrării. Studiul își propune să evalueze eficiența tehnicilor de reconstrucție osoasă utilizând grefe autogene
din situsuri exoorale, precum creasta iliacă și fibula, în combinație cu implantologia orală pentru restaurarea completă
a funcțiilor maxilarelor.
Material și metode. Studiul a inclus 15 pacienți (5 bărbați și 10 femei) cu vârsta între 18 și 54 de ani, tratați în
secția de chirurgie oro-maxilo-facială a IMSP Institutul de Medicină Urgentă. Pacienții prezentau defecte osoase extinse
ale maxilarelor, cauzate de traume, tumori benigne sau malformații congenitale. Intervențiile au constat în prelevarea
grefelor autogene din creasta iliacă și fibula, adaptarea și fixarea acestora în zona defectului. După integrarea osoasă, au
fost inserate implanturi dentare și realizată reabilitarea protetică.
Rezultate. Toți pacienții au prezentat o integrare osoasă favorabilă, fără complicații majore. Succesul osteointegrării
implantelor dentare a fost de peste 90%, iar pacienții au raportat îmbunătățiri semnificative în funcțiile masticatorii,
fonație și estetică facială.
Concluzie. Utilizarea grefelor autogene din creasta iliacă și fibula, urmată de implantologie orală, reprezintă o metodă
eficientă și predictibilă pentru reabilitarea defectelor osoase extinse ale maxilarelor. Această abordare asigură rezultate
stabile pe termen lung, contribuind la recuperarea funcțională și estetică a pacienților și îmbunătățind calitatea
vieții acestora.Background. Extensive maxillary bone defects resulting from severe trauma, benign tumor resection, or congenital
anomalies represent a significant challenge in oro-maxillofacial surgery. These defects compromise essential functions
such as mastication, phonation, and facial aesthetics, necessitating advanced bone reconstruction strategies and functional
rehabilitation.
Objective of the study. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of bone reconstruction techniques using autogenous
grafts harvested from distant extraoral donor sites, such as the iliac crest and fibula, in combination with oral
implantology for the complete rehabilitation of the jaw function.
Material and Methods. The study included 15 patients (5 males and 10 females) aged between 18 and 54 years,
treated in the Oro-Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department of IMSP Institute of Emergency Medicine. The patients presented
with extensive maxillary bone defects due to trauma, benign tumors, or congenital malformations. The surgical interventions
involved harvesting autogenous bone grafts from the iliac crest and fibula, followed by adaptation and fixation at the
defect site. After osseointegration, dental implants were placed, and prosthetic rehabilitation was performed.
Results. All patients demonstrated favorable bone integration without major complications. The success rate of
dental implant osseointegration exceeded 90%, and the patients reported significant improvements in masticatory function,
phonation, and facial aesthetics.
Conclusion. The use of autogenous bone grafts from the iliac crest and fibula, followed by oral implant rehabilitation,
represents an effective and predictable approach for the reconstruction of extensive maxillary defects. This combined
strategy provides long-term stability, ensuring functional and aesthetic recovery while enhancing patients’ quality of life
Our experience in use of ventral dynamic correction of idiopathic scoliosis in children with complete growth
No full textIntroducere. Corecția dinamică ventrală a scoliozei (ASC) este o nouă metodă
de tratament de deformare a coloanei vertebrale la pacienții cu potențial de
creștere epuizat. Am studiat rezultatele unui astfel de tratament al scoliozei
idiopatice de tip Lenke 5.
Material și metode. Analiza retrospectivă a datelor a 17 pacienți cu deformare
Lenke de tip 5 și creștere osoasă finalizată care a suferit ASC. Au fost
analizate: vârsta; Unghiul cobb al deformării înainte și după ASC; Unghiul de
corecție; numărul de niveluri de fixare; durata funcționării; timpul (zilele)
petrecut în spital. Starea funcțională a fost măsurată folosind scala de durere de
spate VAS, chestionarele SRS-22, ODI și SF 36. Examinările au fost efectuate
înainte de operație, imediat după operație, 3, 6, 12 și 24 de luni după operație,
cu comparație statistică folosind testul Wilcoxon.
Rezultate. Numărul de niveluri de fixare a fost de 6,4±1 (6-8). Cel mai
proximal nivel a fost TH9, cel mai distal L4. Vârsta medie a fost de 25,3±10,9
(15-37) ani, unghiul mediu Cobb înainte de operație a fost de 45,4±9,6, iar după
operație 12,6±9 grade. Timpul mediu de funcționare a fost de 198±34 min. Nu
au fost necesare produse din sânge. Durata medie a șederii în spital a fost de
7,2±1,5 zile (6-10). Perioada medie de urmărire a fost de 2 ani. Complicații: 1
hemothorax cu drenaj necesar, 1 pneumonie (întărită în condiții ambulatorii), 1
pierdere nesemnificativă de corecție (fără rupere a cordului). La 12 luni de la
operație SF-36 satisfăcătoare, au fost prezentate rezultatele ODI; Acest lucru nu
s -a modificat semnificativ după aceea (p>0.05). Rezultatul SRS 22 a fost de
4,0±0,42 (3,00-4,95). Comparația datelor la scară VAS: înainte de operație 6,9±1,5 (4,0-9,0), la 12 luni 4,4±1,6 (1,0-7,0); Diferențele semnificative
statistic (p <0.05) indică eficacitatea tratamentului.
Concluzie. Analiza rezultatelor utilizării corecției ASC a deformărilor Lenke
de tip 5 la adulții tineri a arătat eficacitatea metodei conform scalelor VAS,
SRS 22, ODI, SF-36. Pentru această cohortă de pacient, metoda poate fi
recomandată.
Ia mesajul acasă. Rezultatele ASC la pacienții cu creștere osoasă finalizată și
deformare Lenke 5 permit să recomande această metodă de tratament pentru
această cohortă de pacient.Introduction. Ventral dynamic correction of scoliosis (ASC) is a new method
of spinal deformities treatment in patients with depleted growth potential. We
studied the results of such treatment of Lenke 5 type idiopathic scoliosis.
Material and methods. Retrospective analysis of data of 17 patients with
Lenke type 5 deformity and completed bone growth who underwent ASC.
Were analysed: age; Cobb angle of the deformity before and after the ASC;
correction angle; number of fixation levels; operation duration; the time (days)
spent in the hospital. Functional status was measured using the VAS back pain scale, the SRS-22, ODI and SF 36 questionnaires. Examinations were carried
out before surgery, immediately after surgery, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after
operation, with statistical comparison using the Wilcoxon test.
Results. Number of fixation levels was 6.4±1 (6-8). The most proximal level
was Th9, the most distal L4. Average age was 15.3±10.9 (15-18) years, average
Cobb angle before surgery was 45.4±9.6, and after surgery 12.6±9 degrees.
Average operation time was 198 ± 34 min. No blood products were needed.
Average duration of hospital stay was 7.2±1.5 days (6-10). Average follow-up
period was 2 years. Complications: 1 haemothorax with drainage required, 1
pneumonia (cured under ambulatory conditions), 1 insignificant loss of
correction (no cord rupture). At 12 months after the operation satisfactory SF36, ODI results were shown; this did not change significantly afterwards
(p>0.05). SRS 22 result was 4.0±0.42 (3.00-4.95). Comparison of VAS scale
data: before surgery 6.9±1.5 (4.0-9.0), at 12 months 4.4±1.6 (1.0-7.0);
statistically significant (p<0.05) differences indicate the treatment
effectiveness.
Conclusion. Analysis of the results of the use of ASC correction of Lenke type
5 deformities in young adults showed the effectiveness of the method according
to VAS, SRS 22, ODI, SF-36 scales. For this patient cohort, method can be
recommended.
Take home message. Results of ASC in patients with completed bone growth
and Lenke 5 deformity allow to recommend this method of treatment for this
patient cohort
Modification of some biochemical parameters of bacterial cultures under the influence of chemical compounds and spirulina extracts
Full text linkIntroduction
In microbial systems, exposure to oxidative stress can lead to
significant alterations in cellular homeostasis, affecting membrane
integrity, enzymatic activity, and overall metabolic function. The
evaluation of biochemical parameters such as lipid peroxidation,
protein oxidation, and antioxidant enzyme levels (e.g., catalase,
superoxide dismutase) provides critical insights into the cellular
responses to both harmful and protective agents. Among natural
compounds with recognized bioactive potential, Spirulina platensis
stands out due to its high content of phycocyanin, phenolic
compounds, and other antioxidants, which have demonstrated the
capacity to modulate oxidative stress in various biological models.
Furthermore, the combined or comparative study of Spirulina
extracts and synthetic chemical compounds can elucidate potential
synergistic or antagonistic effects on bacterial cultures, contributing
to a better understanding of cellular defense mechanisms and the
potential development of new antimicrobial or protective strategies.
Aim of study: establishing the specific mechanisms of action of
antimicrobial compounds is essential both for evaluating their
therapeutic effects and for promoting the pharmaceutical product
from concept to its implementation in clinical practice. Material and methods
A comprehensive study was conducted, which included three newly
synthesized chemical compounds and two spirulina extracts as the
study object. To study the change in biochemical parameters under
the influence of these compounds, three microbial strains
(Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853
and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923) were used. All experimental
results obtained were subjected to the usual statistical analysis with
the application of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics tools.
Rezults
Spirulina extracts did not exhibit direct toxic effects on the tested
bacterial strains, as indicated by the unchanged levels of
malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) compared
to control samples. In contrast, the chemical compounds, when
applied at their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), induced
marked toxic effects in the bacterial cultures: increased MDA
concentration, elevated LDH activity, and decreased activity of key
antioxidant enzymes. Notably, the combined application of Spirulina
extracts and chemical compounds proved to be more effective,
enabling a 2- to 4-fold reduction in the MICs required to achieve
similar biochemical effects.
Conclusions
Spirulina extracts demonstrated no toxic effects on the investigated
bacterial strains, in contrast to the synthetic chemical compounds,
which exerted significant toxicity even at minimal inhibitory
concentrations. The combination of chemical and biological
compounds revealed a synergistic effect, allowing for lower effective
doses and enhanced biochemical impact
Assessment of knowledge level regarding Viral Hepatitis C in the Republic of Moldova
Full text linkIntroduction
Viral hepatitis C is a significant public health issue worldwide, leading
to severe complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular
carcinoma. Effective prevention and control strategies depend
heavily on accurate public knowledge and awareness of this disease.
Therefore, identifying existing knowledge gaps is crucial for designing
targeted public health education and communication strategies to
improve awareness and prevention. The primary aim of this study
was to thoroughly evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices
concerning viral hepatitis C among the general population in the
Republic of Moldova, emphasizing specific informational needs and
gaps.
Material and methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on a
representative sample of the Moldovan general population. The
participants were randomly selected and interviewed using a
structured questionnaire designed to collect detailed information on
their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding viral hepatitis C.
Data were analyzed statistically, using descriptive methods such as
frequency and percentage calculations.
Results
The study found that a substantial majority of participants (96%)
believe it is essential to continuously inform the population about
hepatitis C and its health consequences. Additionally, 11.1%
indicated a significant need for more comprehensive information
about the disease. Only approximately one-third of respondents
(33.3%) rated themselves as well-informed, while the majority
(54.8%) described their knowledge as average, and 6.3%
acknowledged having insufficient information.
When asked about specific informational needs, more than half
(51.6%) expressed the desire for more information on symptoms
associated with hepatitis C. Additionally, 44.4% of respondents
showed interest in learning more about available testing methods.
Vaccination possibilities and preventive measures were of particular
interest for 43.6%, while 44.4% requested more clarity on
transmission pathways. Moreover, treatment options, especially
regarding severe complications such as liver cirrhosis and
hepatocellular carcinoma, were highlighted by 40.5% of respondents
as areas requiring further detailed information.
Conclusions
This study clearly indicates the urgent need to enhance public
educational efforts about viral hepatitis C in Moldova. The
population expressed significant gaps in knowledge, particularly
regarding symptoms, diagnostic testing, preventive practices, and
treatment options. These insights provide a critical foundation for
future targeted public health interventions and campaigns aimed at
increasing public awareness, improving preventive behaviors, and
ultimately reducing the incidence and complications associated with
viral hepatitis C in the Moldovan population
Assessing the consumption of foods containing sugar among young people
Full text linkIntroduction
In the last fifty years, sugar consumption has tripled worldwide.
More than 500 calories a day are consumed by young people. This
high calorie consumption is the result of using sugary foods and
drinks processed with caloric sweeteners, especially table sugar.
However, most of the reported data indicate that sugar intake is
higher than the level recommended. The prevalence of obesity in
children and adolescents has increased year on year in countries
around the world, and the burden of various chronic diseases
become a serious public health problem. Over 380 million children
and adolescents worldwide suffer from obesity and related chronic
diseases.
Material and methods
The research project was conducted in the Department of Preventive
Medicine, Discipline of Hygiene of USMF "Nicolae Testemitanu" in
the period 2024-2025. In accordance with the proposed aim and
objectives, a descriptive study was conducted on a group of 202
young people who answered a set of questions regarding the
consumption of products containing sugar.
Results
Consumption of added sugars is implicated in increased risk of a variety of diseases including obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes
and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as some cancers.
According to statistical data, sugar imports into the Republic of
Moldova substantially exceed exports of this food product, which
demonstrates high consumption at national level. The survey data
shows that although 90.6% of respondents are aware that excessive
sugar consumption has a negative impact on health – white bread,
chocolate and peanut paste, sugar products commercially canned
foods, sweetened drinks and processed meats are among the
favorite products among young people. Intake of these foods
essentially reduces the consumption of products recommended by
the World Health Organization such as quality proteins (meat, fish),
fruit, vegetables and wholegrain cereals. Compared to other
countries, domestic food products are higher in sugar. Chocolate and
biscuits contain the most sugar (60 g and 20,7 g respectively per 100
g of preparation). Of dairy products – yoghurt (11.8 g) and beverages
– Coca-Cola and Fanta (10.5 g per 100 ml).
Conclusions
In the context of reducing sugar intake, at national level, in addition
to the educational measures carried out to raise awareness of the
impact of sugar on the health of the population, drastic policies are
also needed to reduce marketing campaigns as well as taxing food
products not recommended for daily consumption. Education and
healthy eating and limiting sugar consumption have a positive impact
on the health of family members. Providing more educational
opportunities for young people is one of the most effective public
investments in health and society
Retention methods in orthodontics
No full textIntroducere. Contenția în ortodonție este esențială pentru menținerea rezultatelor obținute în urma tratamentului.
Stabilitatea alinierii dentare și restabilirii relațiilor ocluzale are ca scop prevenirea recidivei. Selectarea metodei de contenție
este influențată de tipul de aparat ortodontic utilizat, durata tratamentului, vârsta pacientului și tipul patologiei.
Scopul lucrării. Analiza metodelor de contenție ortodontică, clasificarea acestora, studierea materialelor utilizate
și a factorilor ce influențează succesul contenției pe termen lung.
Material și metode. Studiul se bazează pe analiza critică a literaturii științifice disponibile pe platformele PubMed,
Scopus și Cochrane Library, bazate pe articole recent publicate în domeniul ortodonției care abordează importanța perioadei
de contenție. În urma evaluării, au fost identificate 40 de articole relevante subiectului de studiu.
Rezultate. Analiza comparativă a opțiunilor de contenție în perioada pasivă a tratamentului ortodontic, descrise în
literatura de specialitate, oferă indicii despre criteriile de selecție a aparatelor de contenție per caz clinic. În baza dovezilor
identificate, am stabilit că aparatele de contenție fixe oferă o stabilitate mai înaltă, dar totodată prezintă dificultăți
în realizarea igienei dentare. Per general, aparatele de contenție mobilizabile sunt mai puțin confortabile, iar eficiența
acestora depinde de complianța pacientului.
Concluzii. S-a determinat că o eficiență înaltă a perioadei de contenție se obține în urma combinării a dispozitivelor
fixe și a aparatelor mobilizabile de contenție. Factorii determinanți ai stabilității dento-ocluzale în urma tratamentului
ortodontic au un raport direct cu tipul de aparat utilizat, vârsta pacientului și forma clinică a malocluziei. Selectarea
metodei de contenție depinde de varietatea de malocluzie, vârsta pacientului și gradul de complianță a acestuia. Durata
perioadei de contenție este în raport direct cu durata etapei active a terapiei ortodontice. Recidiva poate fi uneori imprevizibilă,
de aceea este foarte importantă perioada de contenție pe termen lung.Background. Retention in orthodontics is essential for maintaining the results obtained after treatment. The stability
of dental alignment and the restoration of occlusal relationships aims to prevent relapse. The selection of the retention
method is influenced by the type of orthodontic appliance used, the duration of treatment, the patient’s age and the
type of pathology.
Objective of the study. Analysis of orthodontic retention methods, their classification, study of the materials used
and the factors that influence the success of long-term retention.
Material and methods. The study is based on a critical review of the scientific literature available on PubMed,
Scopus and Cochrane Library platforms, based on recent articles published in the field of orthodontics that address the
importance of the retention period. Following the evaluation, 40 articles relevant to the study subject were identified.
Results. The comparative analysis of retention options described in the literature during the passive period of
orthodontic treatment provides clues about the criteria for selecting retainers per clinical case. Based on the identified
evidence, we determined that fixed retainers offer higher stability, but in turn present difficulties in achieving dental hygiene.
In general, removable retainers are less comfortable, and their effectiveness depends on patient compliance.
Conclusion. It was determined that a high efficiency of the retention period is obtained by combining fixed and
removable retainers. The determinants of dento-occlusal stability following orthodontic treatment are directly related
to the type of appliance used, the patient’s age, and the clinical form of the malocclusion. The selection of the retention
method depends on the variety of malocclusion, the patient’s age, and the patient’s degree of compliance. The duration of
the retention period is directly related to the duration of the active phase of orthodontic therapy. Relapse can sometimes
be unpredictable, which is why the long-term retention period is very important
Assessment of socio-hygienic factors influencing the quality of life of healthcare workers
Full text linkIntroduction
Emotional well-being, vitality, a fulfilling life, self-esteem, resilience
and positive functioning are some of the components of the
construct of well-being. Working conditions, salary, job security,
interactions and interpersonal relationships with colleagues are the
most important variables affecting the well-being of medical
employees. Well-being of healthcare workers increases productivity,
leads to optimal workplace engagement and ensures that patients
receive high-quality care. Quality of working life is the term used
when well-being at work is the construct of interest. An important
component of quality of life is quality of work life, which has a
broader scope than job satisfaction and considers how an employee
would perceive their work environment.
Material and methods
The present research includes a descriptive and analytical study. The
WHO-QoL BREF test, developed by the World Health Organization,
was used to assess quality of life in four domains: physical health
mental health social relationships and environment. The quality of
life survey used the follow-up questionnaire, administered from
August 2023 to October 2024 to a sample of 226 healthcare
professionals.
Results
Hospital work involves a high level of stress, which significantly
affects the quality of life of medical workers. Currently, the level of
medical staffing levels in the Republic of Moldova is below the
average for EU countries. There are also other local problems related
to the health system staffing, such as uneven distribution, which is
less favorable in rural areas; inadequate training of staff; very low
placement of doctors in the work force (only 1/3); lack of a system of
staff motivation and incomplete methods of planning and monitoring
of human resources. According to the data obtained from the survey
we concluded that the mental health of respondents lies between 2
extremes ,which suggests the impact of work on the person's identity
and the interdependence between work-rest .So the data collected
were positioned as follows: "quite often" – 43.4% (n-99),"rarely"
35.1% (n-80),"very often" with 18%(n-41) and finally "always"
obtained a ratio of 3.1% (n-18).Only 1 person answered "never",
probably extremely optimistic and positive person. Too much work is
associated with lack of time for other activities. In particular, people
who report spending too much time at work believe that they have
too little time left for hobbies and interests or voluntary work.
Conclusions
Emotional well-being, vitality, fulfilling life, self-esteem, resilience
and positive functioning are some of the components of the
construct of well-being. Working conditions, salary, job security,
interactions and interpersonal relationships with colleagues are the
most important variables affecting the well-being of medical
employees and thus their quality of life