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Radiologic diagnostic of cerebral venous thrombosis
No full textUvod: Cerebralna venska tromboza (CVT) izrazito je rijetka bolest kraniovertebralnog venskog
sustava koja se odnosi na začepljenje, odnosno okluziju venskih struktura u šupljini kranijuma , a
obuhvaća duralnu vensku trombozu, trombozu kortikalnih vena i trombozu dubokih cerebralnih
vena. CVT je rijedak poremećaj koji se godišnje dijagnosticira u 3 do 4 slučaja na milijun
pacijenata. Dokazano je kako žene oboljevaju češće od muškaraca što se pripisuje rizičnim
čimbenicima vezanim za spol, kao što su korištenje oralnih kontracepcijskih sredstava, trudnoća
te primjena hormonalne nadomjesne terapije. CVT ima širok spektar kliničkih prezentacijskih
simptoma te se sama dijagnoza nerijetko vrlo teško postavlja. Vodeće dvije metode u
dijagnosticiranju cerebralne venske tromboze jesu CT venografija te MR venografija. Tijekom
praćenja stanja i razvoja bolesti kod pacijenata s dijagnosticiranim CVT-om, istovremeno se
primjenjuju obje tehnike snimanja.
Cilj: Ciljevi ovoga istraživanja su utvrditi spolnu distribuciju pacijenata kod kojih je radiološki
potvrđena cerebralna venska tromboza, potom utvrditi učestalost razvoja venskog infarkta u
pacijenata s dijagnosticiranom cerebralnom venskom trombozom te utvrditi učestalost glavobolje
kao simptoma kod pacijenata s dijagnosticiranom cerebralnom venskom trombozom.
Ispitanici i metode: U ovo retrospektivno istraživanje uključeni su svi pacijenti koji su bili
podvrgnuti CT ili MR venografiji u razdoblju od 1.1.2018. do 31.12.2023. godine. Iz elektroničkih
medicinskih zapisa (dobivenih iz IBIS-a) zabilježeni su demografski podaci (dob i spol) te podaci
o kliničkoj prezentaciji bolesti pri čemu je posebno obraćena pozornost na pojavu glavobolje kao
simptoma bolesti te na razvoj venskog infarkta nakon dijagnosticiranja CVT-a.
Rezultati: Od ukupnog broja pacijenata (134) u njih 21 (16%) je radiološki dijagnosticirana
cerebralna venska tromboza. Od pacijenata s potvrđenom CVT njih 12 (57.14%) je bilo ženskog
spola, a preostalih 9 (42.86%) muškog spola (P > 0,05). CVT je najčešće pogađala osobe između
20 i 50 godina, pri čemu je prosječna dob oboljelih pacijenata bila 46 ± 21 godina. Transverzalni
sinus bio je najčešće zahvaćen i to kod 8 (38.10%) pacijenata. Venski infarkt je bio prisutan kod 3
(14.29%) pacijenta s dijagnosticiranom cerebralnom venskom trombozom dok je glavobolja kao
simptom bila prisutna kod 10 (47.62%) pacijenata.
Zaključak: Retrospektivno istraživanje uključilo je sve pacijente podvrgnute CT ili MR
venografiji u vremenskog periodu od 2018. do 2023. godine te utvrdilo da je cerebralna venska
tromboza dijagnosticirana u njih 21 (16%). Iako su žene obolijevale češće, razlika nije bila
statistički značajna. Hipoteza da CVT često dovodi do razvoja venskog infarkta i hipoteza da
većina pacijenata ima glavobolju nisu potvrđene, što naglašava potrebu za daljnjim istraživanjima.Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an extremely rare disease of the
craniovertebral venous system that refers to the obstruction or occlusion of venous structures
within the cranial cavity. It includes dural venous thrombosis, cortical vein thrombosis, and deep
cerebral vein thrombosis. CVT is a rare disorder, diagnosed annually in 3 to 4 cases per million
patients. It has been proven that women are more frequently affected than men, attributed to
gender-specific risk factors such as the use of oral contraceptives, pregnancy, and hormone
replacement therapy. CVT has a wide spectrum of clinical presentation symptoms, making the
diagnosis often very challenging. The leading two methods in diagnosing cerebral venous
thrombosis are CT venography and MR venography. During the monitoring of the condition and
disease progression in patients diagnosed with CVT, both imaging techniques are simultaneously
applied.
Aim: The aims of this study are to determine the gender distribution of patients with radiologically
confirmed cerebral venous thrombosis, to establish the frequency of venous infarction
development in patients diagnosed with cerebral venous thrombosis, and to determine the
prevalence of headache as a symptom in patients diagnosed with cerebral venous thrombosis.
Subjects and methods: This retrospective study includes all patients who underwent CT or MR
venography between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2023. Demographic data (age and gender)
and clinical presentation details, with particular attention to the occurrence of headache as a
symptom and the development of venous infarction after the diagnosis of CVT, were recorded
from electronic medical records (obtained from IBIS).
Results: Out of the total number of patients (134), 21 (16%) were radiologically diagnosed with
cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Among the patients with confirmed CVT, 12 (57.14%) were
female, and the remaining 9 (42.86%) were male (P > 0.05). CVT most commonly affected
individuals between the ages of 20 and 50, with the average age of affected patients being 46 ± 21
years. The transverse sinus was the most frequently affected, occurring in 8 (38.10%) patients.
Venous infarction was present in 3 (14.29%) patients diagnosed with CVT, while headache as a
symptom was present in 10 (47.62%) patients.
Conclusion: The retrospective study included all patients who underwent CT or MR venography
from 2018 to 2023 and found that cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) was diagnosed in 21 of them
(16%). Although women were more frequently affected, the difference was not statistically
significant. The hypotheses that CVT often leads to the development of venous infarction and that
the majority of patients experience headaches were not confirmed, highlighting the need for further
research
KNOWLEDGE OF NON-HEALTH WORKERS ABOUT HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY IN WOUND HEALING COMPARED TO HEALTH CARE WORKERS
No full textOvo istraživanje imalo je za cilj ispitati razinu znanja o hiperbaričnoj oksigenoterapiji (HBOT) u cijeljenju rana među zdravstvenim i nezdravstvenim djelatnicima. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 140 ispitanika, od čega 70 nezdravstvenih i 70 zdravstvenih djelatnika. Analizirane su razlike u razini znanja između ove dvije skupine, kao i utjecaj razine obrazovanja na njihovo znanje. Rezultati su pokazali značajne razlike u razini znanja između zdravstvenih i nezdravstvenih djelatnika. Zdravstveni djelatnici su bili bolje upoznati s HBOT-om, s 80 % koji su se susreli s ovom terapijom tijekom obrazovanja, u usporedbi s 11,43 % nezdravstvenih djelatnika. Također, zdravstveni djelatnici su bolje razumjeli primjenu 100% kisika pri tlaku većem od atmosferskog i prepoznavanje vrsta komora za HBOT. Druga hipoteza, da razina znanja zdravstvenih djelatnika o HBOT-u ne ovisi o razini obrazovanja, također je potvrđena. Većina zdravstvenih djelatnika ima srednju stručnu spremu, a razlika u znanju između njih i onih s višom stručnom spremom nije značajna, što ukazuje na važnost kontinuiranog profesionalnog razvoja i specifične obuke. Treća hipoteza, da razina znanja nezdravstvenih djelatnika o HBOT-u ovisi o razini obrazovanja, također je potvrđena. Nezdravstveni djelatnici s višom razinom obrazovanja imali su nešto bolje znanje o HBOT-u, ali je ukupna razina znanja među ovom skupinom bila niža u usporedbi sa zdravstvenim djelatnicima. Zaključno, istraživanje je ukazalo na potrebu za boljom edukacijom i informiranjem, osobito među nezdravstvenim djelatnicima, kako bi se poboljšalo razumijevanje i primjena HBOT-a. Također, većina ispitanika smatra da pacijenti trebaju biti dobro informirani o postupku HBOT-a, te da je rad u hiperbaričnoj komori stresan i zahtjevan. Ovi nalazi ističu važnost kontinuiranog obrazovanja i podrške za zdravstvene djelatnike u primjeni HBOT-a.This study aimed to examine the level of knowledge about hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in wound healing among healthcare and non-healthcare professionals. A total of 140 respondents participated in the research, of which 70 were non-health workers and 70 were health workers. Differences in the level of knowledge between these two groups were analyzed, as well as the influence of the level of education on their knowledge. The results showed significant differences in the level of knowledge between health and non-health workers. Healthcare professionals were more familiar with HBOT, with 80 % having encountered this therapy during education, compared to 11.43 % of non-healthcare professionals. Also, healthcare professionals better understood the application of 100 % oxygen at pressure higher than atmospheric and the recognition of the types of chambers for HBOT. The second hypothesis, that the level of knowledge of health professionals about HBOT does not depend on the level of education, was also confirmed. The majority of healthcare professionals have secondary education, and the difference in knowledge between them and those with higher education is not significant, which indicates the importance of continuous professional development and specific training. The third hypothesis, that the level of knowledge of non-health care professionals about HBOT depends on the level of education, was also confirmed. Non-health professionals with a higher level of education had slightly better knowledge about HBOT, but the overall level of knowledge among this group was lower compared to healthcare professionals. In conclusion, the research indicated the need for better education and information, especially among non-healthcare professionals, in order to improve the understanding and application of HBOT. Also, most respondents believe that patients should be well informed about the HBOT procedure, and that working in a hyperbaric chamber is stressful and demanding. These findings highlight the importance of continuing education and support for healthcare professionals in the application of HBOT
The effect of night shift on the quality of life of nurses
No full textUVOD: Bolnice moraju pružati neprekinutu zdravstvenu njegu i liječenje kroz 24 sata dnevno 7 dana u tjednu te je nužno da medicinske sestre i tehničari rade u smjenama, što najčešće podrazumijeva izmjenu dnevnih i noćnih smjena u trajanju od 12 sati. Noćne smjene na mnoge načine negativno utječu na fizičko i mentalno zdravlje medicinskih sestara i tehničara.
CILJ: Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj noćnih smjena na kvalitetu života medicinskih sestara/tehničara te usporediti utjecaj noćnih smjena na kvalitetu života obzirom na dob i radno iskustvo.
METODE: U istraživanju su sudjelovale 64 medicinske sestre i tehničara koji su svojevoljno odlučili sudjelovati u istraživanju. Podaci potrebni za ostvarivanje istraživanja prikupljani su online upitnikom osmišljenom od strane autorice rada, na temelju pregledane literature. Upitnik se sastoji od 4 pitanja o sociodemografskim podacima te 15 pitanja kojima se procjenjuje utjecaj noćnih smjena na kvalitetu života medicinskih sestara/tehničara pomoću Likertove skale. Zbrajanjem dobivenih odgovora izračunat je ukupan rezultat, kvaliteta života rangirala se kao: 0-25 visoka, 26-50 umjerena i 51 -75 niska. Statistička obrada podataka provela se pomoću programa Statistica (Version 13.5.0.17, 1984-2018 TIBCO Software Inc), a dobiveni podatci prikazani su pomoću tablica i grafova. Hipoteze su testirane Mann-Whitney U testom, a Pearsonovim Hi-kvadrat testom ispitane su razlike u frekvencijama. Svi testovi provedeni su na razini statističke značajnosti od 0,05 (5%).
REZULTATI: Zbrajanjem dobivenih odgovora, dobiven je prosječni rezultat koji je iznosio 45,41 ± 9,31 bodova, što dokazuje da je kvaliteta života ispitanika umjerena. Uspoređujući prema definiranim kategorijama dobi, umjerenu kvalitetu života ima 80,77% ispitanika mlađih od 30 godina i 57,89% ispitanika starijih od 30 godina. Umjerenu kvalitetu života ima 72,41% ispitanika koji imaju do 10 godina radnog iskustva i 62,86% ispitanika s više od 10 godina radnog iskustva.
ZAKLJUČAK: Noćne smjene nemaju značajan negativan utjecaj na kvalitetu života medicinskih sestara i tehničara, bez obzira na dob i radno iskustvo. Noćne smjene u najvećoj mjeri negativno utječu na obiteljske obaveze i druženje s prijateljima.INTRODUCTION: Hospitals must provide uninterrupted health care and treatment 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and it is necessary for nurses to work in shifts, which most often means alternating day and night shifts lasting 12 hours. Night shifts negatively affect the physical and mental health of nurses in many ways.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to examine the impact of night shifts on the quality of life of nurses/technicians and to compare the impact of night shifts on quality of life regarding age and work experience.
METHODS: The research involved 64 nurses who voluntarily decided to participate in the research. The data needed to carry out the research were collected using an online questionnaire designed by the author of the paper, based on the reviewed literature. The questionnaire consists of 4 questions on socio-demographic data and 15 questions assessing the impact of night shifts on the quality of life of nurses/technicians using a Likert scale. The total result was calculated by summing up the answers, the quality of life was ranked as: 0-25 high, 26-50 moderate and 51-75 low. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Statistica program (Version 13.5.0.17, 1984-2018 TIBCO Software Inc), and the obtained data were presented using tables and graphs. Hypotheses were tested with the Mann-Whitney U test, and differences in frequencies were examined with the Pearson Chi-square test. All tests were performed at a statistical significance level of 0.05 (5%).
RESULTS: Summing up the answers, the average result was 45.41 ± 9.31 points, which proves that the quality of life of the respondents is moderate. Comparing according to defined age categories, 80.77% of respondents under 30 years of age and 57.89% of respondents over 30 years of age have a moderate quality of life. 72.41% of respondents with up to 10 years of work experience and 62.86% of respondents with more than 10 years of work experience have a moderate quality of life.
CONCLUSION: Night shifts do not have a significant negative impact on the quality of life of nurses, regardless of age and work experience. Night shifts to the greatest extent have a negative impact on family obligations and socializing with friends
The presence of anxiety among undergraduate nursing students at the Faculty of Health Studies
No full textAnksioznost u studenata je sve veći problem, koji uz to što utječe na akademsko postignuće, utječe i na sveukupno zdravlje osobe. Studenti se suočavaju sa visokim očekivanjima i zahtjevima, prilagođavaju se na novu okolinu i novo društvo, dok istovremeno održavaju stare odnose i poznanstva. Poneki studenti teže balansiraju između fakultetskih obaveza i slobodnih aktivnosti, društvenog života, ali i posla što može dovesti do kroničnog umora i stresa koji kasnije rezultira anksioznošću. Cilj provedenog istraživanja bio je utvrditi koliko je prisutna anksioznost u studenata na prijediplomskom studiju Sestrinstva na Fakultetu zdravstvenih studija u Sveučilišta Rijeci. Istraživanje se provodilo 2024. godine na ukupno 150 redovnih i izvanrednih studenta prijediplomskog studija sestrinstva Fakulteta zdravstvenih studija u Rijeci, a u to su bili uključeni studenti svih godina prijediplomskog studija sestrinstva, neovisno radi li se o redovitom ili izvanrednom načinu studiranja. Kriterij uključivanja u istraživanje bilo je da su studenti tijekom provođenja istraživanja upisani u tekuću akademsku godinu. Podaci potrebni za istraživanje prikupljani su tijekom ožujka putem upitnika koji je bio distribuiran u papirnatom obliku. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali kako studentima prisutna blaga, odnosno umjerena razina anksioznosti, dok su svoje simptome anksioznosti opisivali s minimalnim intenzitetom. Razlike u razini anksioznosti ne uočavaju se kada je riječ o spolu, godini studija, smjeru niti statusu studenta. Anksioznost koja se javlja među studentima zahtjeva pažnju i adekvatne strategije za sprječavanje i upravljanje problemom. Pružanje podrške studentima ključno je za uspjeh i dobrobit svih studenata.Anxiety in students is a growing problem, which, in addition to affecting academic achievement, also affects a person’s overall health. Students face high expectations and demands, adapt to a new environment and a new society, while at the time maintaining old relationships and acquaintances. Some students find it difficult to balance between university obligations and free activities, social life, but also work, which can lead to chronic fatigue and stress later results in anxiety. The aim of conducted research was to determine how much anxiety is present in undergraduate nursing students at the Faculty of health studies, University of Rijeka. The research was conducted in 2024 on a total of 150 full-time and part-time nursing undergraduate students of the Faculty of Health Studies in Rijeka and included students from all years of undergraduate nursing students, regardless of whether tey were studying full time or part time. The criterion for inclusion in the research was that the students were enrolled in the current academic year during the research. The data needed for the research was collected during March through a questionnaire that was distributed in the paper form. The results of the research showed that the students had a mild or moderate level of anxiety, while they described their symptoms of anxiety with minimal intensity. Differences in the level of anxiety are not observed when it come to gender, year of study, major or student status. Anxiety that occurs among students requires attention and adequate strategies to prevent and manage the problem. Providing student support is critical to the success and well-being of all students
Risk factors for carotid artery disease in patiens referred for surgical procedure
No full textBolesti krvožilnog sustava su vrlo izazovne kako za bolesnike tako i za liječnike
specijaliste- kirurge i interniste koji ih kirurškim metodama i raznim drugim postupcima
pokušavaju ukloniti ili ublažiti simptome bolesti. Uzroci nastanka su različiti, mogu biti
posljedica korištenja duhanskih proizvoda, alkohola, dijabetesa, visokog krvnog tlaka, druga
srčana oboljenja, prekomjerna tjelesna težina te vezano za istu hiperlipoproteinemija, dob,
spol, genetska predispozicija, uzimanje terapije oralnih kontraceptiva, nedovoljna fizička
aktivnost, učestalo izlaganje stresu.Diseases of the circulatory system are very challenging for both patients and doctors specialists - surgeons and internists who use surgical methods and various other procedures they try to remove or alleviate the symptoms of the disease. The causes are different, they can be consequence of using tobacco products, alcohol, diabetes, high blood pressure, others heart diseases, overweight and related to the same hyperlipoproteinemia, age, gender, genetic predisposition, taking oral contraceptive therapy, insufficient physical activity, frequent exposure to stress
The impact of resilience and emotional intelligence with transition shock in newly employed nurses
No full textUvod: Tranzicijski šok predstavlja izazovnu fazu kroz koju prolaze novozaposlene medicinske sestre/tehničari u početku svoje profesionalne karijere prilikom ulaska u novu radnu okolinu. Tranzicijski šok obuhvaća prilagodbu na različite aspekte profesionalnog života, uključujući radne obveze, radne uvjete, organizacijsku kulturu, odnose s kolegama i nadređenima te emocionalne zahtjeve pacijenata.
Cilj: Glavni cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj otpornosti i emocionalne inteligencije na tranzicijski šok kod novozaposlenih medicinskih sestara
Metode: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 80 ispitanika. Istraživanje je provedeno online anketnim upitnikim. Tranzicijski šok je ispitan upitnikom o zabrinutosti i poteškoćama povezanim s pojavom šoka realnosti, otpornost je ispitana kratkom skalom otpornosti, a emocionalna inteligencija upitnikom emocionalne inteligencije.
Rezultati: Nije pronađena statistički značajna razlika u razini tranzicijskog šoka u odnosu na spol i duljinu radnog staža. Ispitanici u dobi do 23 godine imali statistički značajno najvišu razinu tranzicijskog šoka (3,01±0,47). Nije pronađena statistički značajna povezanost ukupnog tranzicijskog šoka i zadovoljstva poslom. Ispitanici koji su bili zadovoljniji poslom imali su nižu razinu tranzicijskog šoka u faktorima odnosi (r=-0.237, p=0.043) i privatni život (r=-0.250, p=0.025). Zadovoljstvo poslom i potporom kolega nisu bili statistički značajno povezani sa razinom tranzicijskog šoka. Ispitanici koji su imali višu razinu potpore nadređenih su imali značajno nižu razinu ukupnog tranzicijskog šoka (r=-0.319, p=0.004). Viša razinu otpornosti i emocionalne inteligencije je bila pozitivno povezana sa nižom razinom tranzicijskog šoka.
Zaključak: Kod novozaposlenih medicinskih sestara ključno je implementirati strategije koje promiču emocionalnu inteligenciju i otpornost među novozaposlenim medicinskim sestrama uključujući edukacijske programe, podršku i pozitivne međuljudske odnose, kao i konkretne alate i tehnike za upravljanje stresom. Ovakve intervencije ne samo da smanjuju tranzicijski šok, već i dugoročno poboljšavaju zadovoljstvo poslom i zadržavanje medicinskih sestara u profesiji.Introduction: Transition shock is a challenging phase that newly employed nurses go through at the beginning of their professional career when entering a new work environment. Transition shock encompasses adjustment to various aspects of professional life, including work responsibilities, working conditions, organizational culture, relationships with colleagues and superiors, and emotional demands of patients.
Objective: The main objective of the research is to examine the impact of resilience and emotional intelligence on transition shock in newly employed nurses
Methods: A total of 80 respondents participated in the research. The research was conducted using online questionnaires. Transitional shock was tested with a questionnaire about concerns and difficulties associated with the occurrence of reality shock, resilience was tested with a short scale of resilience, and emotional intelligence with an emotional intelligence questionnaire.
Results: No statistically significant difference was found in the level of transition shock in relation to gender and length of service. Respondents under the age of 23 had the statistically significantly highest level of transition shock (3.01±0.47). No statistically significant correlation between total transition shock and job satisfaction was found. Respondents who were more satisfied with their work had a lower level of transition shock in the factors of relationships (r=-0.237, p=0.043) and private life (r=-0.250, p=0.025). Job satisfaction and support from colleagues were not statistically significantly related to the level of transition shock. Respondents who had a higher level of support from superiors had a significantly lower level of total transition shock (r=-0.319, p=0.004). A higher level of resilience and emotional intelligence was positively associated with a lower level of transition shock.
Conclusion: In newly employed nurses, it is crucial to implement strategies that promote emotional intelligence and resilience among newly employed nurses including educational programs, support and positive interpersonal relationships, as well as concrete tools and techniques for managing stress. Such interventions not only reduce transition shock, but also improve job satisfaction and retention of nurses in the profession in the long term
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE APPLICATION OF HIGH OXYGEN FLOW THERAPY THROUGH THE NASAL CANNULATION IN THE TREATMENT OF PNEUMONIA : Master thesis
No full textUVOD
Upala pluća predstavlja medicinsko stanje koje zahtijeva brzo i učinkovito liječenje kako bi se poboljšala respiratorna funkcija pacijenata. U tom kontekstu, terapija visokim protokom kisika putem nosne kanile (eng. High-Flow Nasal Cannula, HFNC) postala je značajna terapijska opcija.
CILJ ISTRAŽIVANJA
Ciljevi ovog istraživanja bili su: prikazati udio pacijenata liječenih HFNC-om, analizirati ishode liječenja pacijenata s dijagnozom upale pluća koji su liječeni HFNC terapijom te procijeniti učinkovitost primjene HFNC-a na temelju vrijednosti parcijalnog tlaka kisika (pO2) i zasićenosti arterijske krvi kisikom (SaO2).
ISPITANICI I METODE
U istraživanje su uključeni pacijenti s dijagnozom upale pluća, primljeni u Objedinjeni hitni bolnički prijam Kliničkog bolničkog centra Rijeka u razdoblju od 1. siječnja 2023. do 31. prosinca 2023. godine. Analizirano je ukupno 178 pacijenata. Podaci su prikupljeni retrospektivno iz medicinske dokumentacije i bolničkog informacijskog sustava (BIS). Pacijenti su kategorizirani prema primjeni HFNC-a, uključujući skupine liječenih i neliječenih ovim postupkom, te prema učinkovitosti HFNC terapije na osnovi početnih i završnih vrijednosti pO2 i SaO2 u arterijskoj krvi, kao i prema ishodu liječenja (preživjeli ili umrli). Podaci su uneseni u tablice u programu Microsoft Office Excel i analizirani pomoću programa Statistica 14.0.0.15 (TIBCO Software Inc.). Rezultati su prikazani grafički i tablično, s apsolutnim i relativnim frekvencijama.
REZULTATI
U istraživanju je analizirano 178 pacijenata tijekom 2023. godine. Od toga je 43,82% njih liječeno HFNC-om, dok je 56,18% primilo druge metode, uključujući nosni kateter, masku bez spremnika, neinvazivnu mehaničku ventilaciju (NIV) i masku sa spremnikom. Pacijenti liječeni HFNC-om bili su značajno mlađi (medijan dobi 69 godina) u usporedbi s onima koji su liječeni drugim metodama (medijan dobi 74 godine, p=0,005). Smrtnost među pacijentima liječenim HFNC-om bila je manja (30,77%) u usporedbi s onima liječenim drugim metodama (49,00%, p=0,014). Statistička analiza vrijednosti pO2 i SaO2 pokazala je značajna poboljšanja nakon primjene HFNC-a (pO2, p<0,001; SaO2, p<0,001). U skupini liječenoj HFNC-om bilo je 64,10% muškaraca i 35,90% žena, dok su u skupini koja je koristila druge metode bili 71,00% muškarci i 29,00% žene, ali razlika u spolnoj distribuciji nije bila značajna (p=0,328).
ZAKLJUČAK
Ovo istraživanje pokazuje da je terapija visokim protokom kisika putem nosne kanile učinkovita metoda liječenja upale pluća. Terapija značajno poboljšava parcijalni tlak kisika i zasićenost arterijske krvi kisikom, što može značajno doprinijeti povoljnijim ishodima liječenja pacijenata.INTRODUCTION
Pneumonia is a medical condition that requires prompt and effective treatment to improve patients' respiratory function. In this context, High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) therapy has emerged as a significant therapeutic option.
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE
The objectives of this study were to present the proportion of patients treated with HFNC, analyze the treatment outcomes of patients diagnosed with pneumonia who were treated with HFNC therapy, and assess the effectiveness of HFNC application based on partial oxygen pressure (pO2) and arterial blood oxygen saturation (SaO2) values.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
The study included patients diagnosed with pneumonia who were admitted to the Emergency Department of the Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023. A total of 178 patients were analyzed. Data were collected retrospectively from medical records and the hospital information system (HIS). Patients were categorized according to the application of HFNC, including groups of those treated and not treated with this procedure, and according to the effectiveness of HFNC therapy based on initial and final pO2 and SaO2 values in arterial blood, as well as treatment outcomes (survived or deceased). The data were entered into tables in Microsoft Office Excel and analyzed using Statistica 14.0.0.15 (TIBCO Software Inc.). The results are presented graphically and in tables, with absolute and relative frequencies.
RESULTS
The study analyzed 178 patients during 2023. Of these, 43.82% were treated with HFNC, while 56.18% received other methods, including nasal catheter, simple face mask, non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), and reservoir mask. Patients treated with HFNC were significantly younger (median age 69 years) compared to those treated with other methods (median age 74 years, p=0.005). Mortality among patients treated with HFNC was lower (30.77%) compared to those treated with other methods (49.00%, p=0.014). Statistical analysis of pO2 and SaO2 values showed significant improvements after the application of HFNC (pO2, p<0.001; SaO2, p<0.001). In the group treated with HFNC, 64.10% were men and 35.90% were women, while in the group using other methods, 71.00% were men and 29.00% were women, but the difference in gender distribution was not significant (p=0.328).
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates that High-Flow Nasal Cannula therapy is an effective method for treating pneumonia. The therapy significantly improves partial oxygen pressure and arterial blood oxygen saturation, which can significantly contribute to better treatment outcomes for patients
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FREQUENCY OF PERFORMANCE, COMPLICATIONS AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WHO HAVE PERFORMED PERCUTANEOUS DILATION TRACHEOTOMY IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT CLINICAL HOPSITAL CENTER RIJEKA IN THE PERIOD FROM 1.1.2022. - 31.12.2023.
No full textUVOD I CILJ ISTRAŽIVANJA: Traheostomija je drevni kirurški postupak kojim se stvara otvor u dušniku radi postavljanja cijevi zbog održavanja ventilacije. Oko 10% strojno ventiliranih bolesnika zahtjeva postavljanje traheostomije. Postupak postavljanja traheostomije može biti kirurški ili perkutani. Svrha ovog istraživačkog rada je analizirati učestalost izvođenja, komplikacije i ishode u bolesnika kod kojih je učinjena perkutana dilatacijska traheostomija (PDT) u razdoblju od 1. siječnja 2022. do 31. prosinca 2023. godine koji su liječeni na Odjelu intenzivnog liječenja Klinike za anesteziologiju, intenzivnu medicinu i liječenje boli Kliničkog bolničkog centra Rijeka.
ISPITANICI I METODE: Ovo retrospektivno opservacijsko istraživanje provedeno je analizom podataka od siječnja 2022. do prosinca 2023. Cilj je bio istražiti učestalost i vrste komplikacija u bolesnika nakon PDT, kao i ishode liječenja. Podaci su prikupljeni iz bolničke baze podataka i medicinske dokumentacije, uz odobrenje Etičkog povjerenstva. Analiza je uključivala demografske podatke, komplikacije i ishode liječenja. Statistička obrada podataka izvršena je pomoću Microsoft Excela (verzija 11, Microsoft Corporation, SAD).
REZULTATI: Od 1395, PDT učinjena je kod 7,5% bolesnika. Većina bolesnika su muškarci (77%), s prosječnom dobi od 61 godinu. PDT se najčešće izvodila između 4. i 7. dana. Glavne dijagnoze bolesnika kojima je učinjena PDT su bile traumatske ozljede (36,3%) i bolesti dišnog sustava (26,5%). Komplikacije su zabilježene kod 53,1% bolesnika, što odbacuje hipotezu H2 o učestalosti komplikacija <15%. Najčešće rane komplikacije su krvarenje (14,2%), a kasne infekcije (36,3%). Preživljenje u prvih tjedan dana bilo je 83,2%, a smrtnost 16,8%. Nakon tjedan dana, smrtnost je porasla na 29,8%.
ZAKLJUČAK: Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju da je učestalost PDT 7,5%, manje od očekivanih 10%. Komplikacije su bile učestale, s incidencijom od 53,1%. Rane komplikacije uključivale su krvarenje, a kasne infekcije. Preživljenje bolesnika nakon PDT bilo je 83,2% u prvih tjedan dana, ali smrtnost je porasla na 29,8% nakon tjedan dana. Zaključno, PDT je korisna ali zahtijeva pažnju zbog komplikacija i ishod, te se preporučuje dugoročno praćenje bolesnika.INTRODUCTION AND RESEARCH GOAL: Tracheostomy is an ancient surgical procedure for creating an opening in the trachea to place a tube, first illustrated in Egypt in 3600 B.C. About 10% of patients on mechanical ventilation for more than three days undergo tracheostomy. The procedure can be an open surgical intervention or a percutaneous approach. The purpose of this research paper is to analyze the frequency of performance, complications, and outcomes in patients who underwent percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023, treated at the Intensive Care Unit of the Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka.
RESPONDENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective observational study was conducted by analyzing data from January 2022 to December 2023. The goal was to investigate the frequency and types of complications after PDT, as well as treatment outcomes. Data were collected from the hospital database and medical records, with the approval of the Ethics Committee. The analysis included demographic data, complications, and treatment outcomes. Statistical data processing was performed using Microsoft Excel (version 11, Microsoft Corporation, USA).
RESULTS: Out of 1395 patients, PDT was performed on 7,5% of patients. Most patients were male (77%), with an average age of 61 years. PDT was most performed between the 4th and 7th day. The main diagnoses were traumatic injuries (36,3%) and respiratory system diseases (26,5%). Complications were recorded in 53,1% of patients, which rejects the hypothesis H2 about the frequency of complications <15%. The most common early complications were bleeding (14,2%), and late complications were infections (36,3%). The survival rate in the first week was 83,2%, and the mortality rate was 16,8%. After a week, the mortality rate increased to 29,8%.
CONCLUSION: The research results show that the frequency of percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy was 7,5%, less than the expected 10%. Complications were frequent, with an incidence of 53,1%. Early complications included bleeding, while late complications were infections. The survival rate after percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy was 83,2% in the first week, but mortality increased to 29,8% after a week. In conclusion, percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy is beneficial but requires attention due to complications and outcomes, and long-term monitoring of patients is recommended
INTENSITY OF BURNOUT AT WORK BETWEEN HEALTH AND OTHER HELPING PROFESSIONS
No full textUVOD: Zanimanja koja su u profesionalnom radu usmjerena na brigu za druge ljude i rad sa njima tijekom odrastanja i školovanja, zatim u zdravlju i bolesti, krizi, životnoj nevolji ubrajaju se u najstresnija zanimanja. Kako u životu tako i u ovim profesijama postoji veliki raskorak između očekivanja koja ponekad i prelaze stvarne mogućnosti pomagača te tako mogu dovesti do pojave sindroma sagorijevanja. CILJ: Ovo istraživanje usmjereno je na kvantitativnu i kvalitativnu analizu sindroma sagorijevanja među zdravstvenim djelatnicima, socijalnim radnicima i pedagoškim djelatnicima s ciljem identifikacije ključnih faktora koji doprinose razlikama u iskustvu sagorijevanja. METODE: Prikupljanje podataka izvedeno je korištenjem sociodemografskog upitnika i specijaliziranog Upitnik intenziteta sagorijevanja na poslu. Ispitanici su kroz 18 tvrdnji na skali od 1-3 morali označiti koliko se navedena tvrdnja odnosi na njih.. Tvrdnjama se ocjenjuju emocionalni, ponašajni i kognitivni znakovi profesionalnog stresa. Ukupno je sudjelovalo 352 ispitanika iz različitih pomagačkih profesija. Analiza podataka provedena je pomoću programa SPSS Statistics i obuhvatila je deskriptivnu statistiku, Hi-kvadrat test te multivarijantnu regresijsku analizu za procjenu utjecaja sociodemografskih faktora na intenzitet sagorijevanja. REZULTATI: Statističkom obradom podataka dokazane su značajne razlike u intenzitetu sagorijevanja između različitih grupa profesionalnih pomagača. Zdravstveni djelatnici imaju tendenciju doživljavati viši intenzitet sagorijevanja u usporedbi s pedagoškim djelatnicima i grupom djelatnika socijalne službe. Pritom pedagoški radnici pokazali su najniži intenzitet sagorijevanja. Regresijskom analizom nije se pronašla značajna povezanost između dobi i godina radnog staža s intenzitetom sagorijevanja među profesijama. ZAKLJUČAK: Istraživanje je potvrdilo složenost sindroma sagorijevanja unutar pojedinih grupa i ukazuje na potrebu intervencija za smanjenje sagorijevanja kod grupe zdravstvenih djelatnika .INTRODUCTION: Professions that are focused on caring for other people and working with them during growing up and schooling, then in health and illness, crisis, life trouble are among the most stressful professions. Both in life and in these professions, there is a large discrepancy between expectations that sometimes exceed the real capabilities of helpers and can thus lead to the appearance of burnout syndrome. OBJECTIVE: This research is focused on quantitative and qualitative analysis of burnout syndrome among health professionals, social workers and pedagogical workers with the aim of identifying key factors that contribute to differences in the experience of burnout. METHODS: Data collection was performed using a sociodemographic questionnaire and a specialized Occupational Burnout Intensity Questionnaire. Through 18 statements on a scale of 1-3, the respondents had to mark how much the statement applied to them. The claims assess the emotional, behavioural, and cognitive signs of occupational stress. A total of 352 respondents from various helping professions participated. The data analysis was carried out using the SPSS Statistics program and included descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and multivariate regression analysis to assess the impact of sociodemographic factors on the intensity of burnout. RESULTS: Statistical data processing showed significant differences in burnout intensity between different groups of professional helpers. Healthcare professionals tend to experience a higher intensity of burnout compared to pedagogical workers and a group of social service workers. At the same time, pedagogical workers showed the lowest intensity of burnout. The regression analysis did not find a significant association between age and years of service with the intensity of burnout between professions. CONCLUSION: The research confirmed the complexity of burnout syndrome within groups and indicates the need for interventions to reduce burnout in a group of healthcare workers
ATTITUDES OF THE CITIZENS OF THE CITY OF DELNICE ABOUT THE PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES: work with research
No full textOsobe s invaliditetom izdvojene su u društvu te u interakciji s okolinom predstavljaju posebnu sferu koju formiraju stavovi okoline. U ovome istraživačkom radu opisano je značenje pojmova osobe s invaliditetom te invaliditet, obrađeni su stavovi prema osobama s invaliditetom kroz povijest te su opisani neki od trenutnih stavova društva o osobama s invaliditetom.
Cilj ovoga istraživačkog rada bio je ispitati stavove građana Grada Delnice prema osobama s invaliditetom. U istraživanju koje je provedeno sudjelovalo je ukupno 196 građana grada Delnice. Istraživanje je provedeno putem anonimnog upitnika kreiranog na platformi Google Forms. Upitnik se sastoji od 19 pitanja. Prva četiri pitanja sadrže sociodemografske podatke; dob, spol, razina obrazovanje te poznanstvo osobe s invaliditetom. Preostalih 15 pitanja sadrže raspon odgovora na skali od 1 do 5 (Likterova skala).People with disabilities are isolated in society and in interaction with the environment they represent a special group formed by the attitudes of the environment. In this research paper are described meaning of the concepts of persons with disabilities and disability, attitudes towards persons with disabilities throughout history are discussed and some of the current statuses of society regarding persons with disabilities are described.
The objective of this research paper was to examine the attitudes of citizens of the city of Delnice about the persons with disabilities. A total of 196 citizens of the city of Delnice participated in the research that was conducted. The research was conducted through an anonymous questionnaire created on the Google Forms platform. The questionnaire consists of 19 questions. The first four questions are sociodemographic; age, gender, level of education and acquaintances of persons with disabilities. The remaining 15 questions contain a range of answers on a scale from 1 to 5 (Likter scale)