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THE INFLUENCE OF STRETCHING EXERCISES ON THE BEND LUMBAR SPINE AND LATEROFLEXION OF THE BODY
No full textUvod: Bol u lumbalnom dijelu kralježnice sve je češća dijagnoza, zbog čega raste potreba za fizikalnom terapijom. Lumbalni dio kralježnice podložan je najvećem opterećenju, što dovodi do čestih degenerativnih oštećenja. Kada bol traje duže od tri mjeseca, smatra se kroničnom. Prevencija, s posebnim naglaskom na kinezioterapiji, ima važnu ulogu.
Cilj istraživanja: Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati učinak petnaestodnevnog programa vježbi istezanja na promjene u pretklonu, laterofleksiji i osjećaju boli.
Ispitanici i metode: Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 50 ispitanika s bolnim lumbalnim sindromom, oba spola, dobi od 45 do 65 godina. Podaci su prikupljeni prije i poslije programa vježbi istezanja, pomoću centimetarske trake, vizualne skale boli i vage. Analiza je provedena u programu Statistica 14.0.0.15, koristeći t-test i korelaciju.
Rezultati: Program vježbi istezanja nije pokazao statistički značajnu razliku u pretklonu ni laterofleksiji tijela. Korelacija između pretklona i tjelesne težine također nije bila značajna, dok je za laterofleksiju postojala statistički značajna povezanost. Značajno smanjenje boli zabilježeno je nakon provedenih vježbi.
Zaključak: Iako vježbe istezanja nisu značajno poboljšale fleksibilnost u pretklonu i laterofleksiji tijela, zabilježeno je smanjenje bolnosti, što ukazuje na pozitivan učinak programa na subjektivni osjećaj boli.Introduction: Low back pain is an increasingly common diagnosis, leading to a growing need for physical therapy. The lumbar spine is subjected to the greatest load, resulting in frequent degenerative damage. When pain lasts for more than three months, it is considered chronic. Prevention, with a focus on kinesitherapy, plays a crucial role.
Aim of the research: The study aimed to examine the effect of a fifteen-day stretching exercise program on changes in trunk flexion, lateral flexion, and pain perception.
Participants and methods: The study included 50 participants with painful lumbar syndrome, both male and female, aged 45 to 65. Data were collected before and after the stretching exercise program using a measuring tape, a visual pain scale, and a scale. Data analysis was conducted using Statistica 14.0.0.15, applying the t-test and correlation.
Results: The stretching program showed no statistically significant difference in trunk flexion or lateral flexion. The correlation between trunk flexion and body weight was not significant, while a statistically significant correlation was found for lateral flexion. A significant reduction in pain was noted after the exercises.
Conclusion: Although the stretching exercises did not significantly improve trunk flexion or lateral flexion, a reduction in pain was observed, indicating a positive effect on subjective pain perception
FREQUENCY OF MALNUTRITION IN NURSING HOMES
No full textUVOD: Malnutricija je stanje koje proizlazi iz nedostatka unosa hranjivih tvari te dovodi do
promjene sastava tijela i mase tjelesnih stanica, a povezana je s mnogim negativnim
zdravstvenim ishodima kod osoba starije životne dobi, uključujući povećani rizik od padova,
imunološku disfunkciju, smanjenu kvalitetu života, češće i duže hospitalizacije i konačno višu
stopu smrtnosti.
CILJ: Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati učestalost malnutricije u Domu za starije i nemoćne osobe
Poreč te usporediti istu obzirom na dob ispitanika, spol ispitanika i polifarmaciju.
METODE: U istraživanje su uključeni ispitanici koji su u vremenskom periodu od 01.01.2022.
do 01.06.2024. boravili u navedenoj ustanovi. Kriterij uključenja u istraživanje bio je boravak
u domu za starije minimalno 6 mjeseci, dok su iz istraživanja isključeni ispitanici koji su u
istom boravili manje od 6 mjeseci, nepokretni ispitanici te ispitanici s demencijom. Za
istraživanje su korišteni podaci o spolu, dobi, uzimanju lijekova te ITM. Statistička obrada
podataka provedena je pomoću programa Statistica, a dobiveni rezultati prikazani su pomoću
tablica i grafova u obliku postotaka i frekvencija. Učestalost malnutricije prikazana je pomoću
aritmetičke sredine i standardne devijacije, dok su hipoteze testirane pomoću Hi-kvadrat testa
na razini statističke značajnosti p < 0,05 (5%).
REZULTATI: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 99 ispitanika, prosječne dobi 84,57 godina te je
većina (72,7%) bila ženskog spola. Učestalost malnutricije iznosila je 19,2%, što je statistički
znatno manje od 56% koliko iznosi prosjek u dosadašnjoj literaturi. Prosječna dob ispitanika
koji nemaju malnutriciju je 84,59 godina, dok je dob ispitanika koji imaju malnutriciju 84,47
godine te nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika. Udio ispitanika ženskog spola koji boluju
od malnutricije (22,1%) bio je dvostruko veći od udjela ispitanika muškog spola (11,1%), no
navedena razlika nije statistički značajna. Prevalencija malnutricije kod ispitanika koji uzimaju
više od 5 lijekova dnevno bila je 89,5%, dok je kod ispitanika koji uzimaju manje od 5 lijekova
samo 10,5% te je navedena razlika statistički značajna.
ZAKLJUČAK: Malnutricija je česta kod osoba starije životne dobi te se njezina prevalencija
povećava sa institucionalizacijom starijih osoba u domove za starije.INTRODUCTION: Malnutrition is a condition that results from a lack of nutrient intake and
leads to changes in body composition and body cell mass and is associated with many negative
health outcomes in older people, including increased risk of falls, immune dysfunction, reduced
quality of life, more frequent and longer hospitalizations and finally a higher mortality rate.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the research was to examine the frequency of malnutrition in the
Home for the Elderly and Infirm in Poreč and to compare the same regarding the age of the
subjects, gender of the subjects and polypharmacy.
METHODS: The research included subjects who, in the period from 01.01.2022. until
01.06.2024. stayed in the mentioned institution. The criterion for inclusion in the research was
staying in a home for the elderly for a minimum of 6 months, while respondents who stayed in
the home for less than 6 months, immobile respondents and respondents with dementia were
excluded from the research. Data on gender, age, medication intake and BMI were used for the
research. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Statistica program, and the
obtained results were presented using tables and graphs in the form of percentages and
frequencies. The frequency of malnutrition is presented using the arithmetic mean and standard
deviation, while the hypotheses were tested using the Chi-square test at the level of statistical
significance p < 0.05 (5%).
RESULTS: 99 respondents participated in the research, the average age was 84.57 years, and
the majority (72.7%) were female. The frequency of malnutrition was 19.2%, which is
statistically significantly lower than the average of 56% in the previous literature. The average
age of subjects who do not have malnutrition is 84.59 years, while the age of subjects who have
malnutrition is 84.47 years, and no statistically significant difference was found. The share of
female respondents suffering from malnutrition (22.1%) was twice as high as the share of male
respondents (11.1%), but the stated difference is not statistically significant. The prevalence of
malnutrition in subjects who take more than 5 medicines per day was 89.5%, while in subjects
who take less than 5 medicines it is only 10.5%, and the mentioned difference is statistically
significant.
CONCLUSION: Malnutrition is common in the elderly, and its prevalence increases with the
institutionalization of elderly people in homes for the elderl
COMPARISON OF PERSONALITY TRAITS AMONG ATHLETES AND NON-ATHLETES
No full textCilj:
Glavni cilj ovog istraživanja je istražiti razvijaju li sportaši drugačije osobine ličnosti od nesportaša i obratno te jesu li te razlike rezultat prirodne selekcije ili utjecaj sportskog okruženja.
Metode:
Istraživanje je provedeno na prigodnom uzorku (N=52) koji se sastojao od 26 sportaša i 26 nesportaša (studenata Fakulteta Zdravstvenih studija Sveučilišta u Rijeci). Mjerni instrument korišten u istraživanju je, International Personality Item Pool – Five Factor Model – 50 (IPIP-Big5), standardizirani upitnik za procjenu pet glavnih osobina ličnosti koji se sastoji od 50 tvrdnji na koje ispitanik izražava stupanj slaganja ili ne slaganja Likertovom skalom.
Rezultati:
Rezultati su pokazali da nema značajnih razlika u otvorenosti između sportaša i nesportaša. U domeni savjesnosti pokazalo se da nesportaši imaju nešto višu prosječnu vrijednost savjesnosti u usporedbi sa sportašima, podaci također pokazuju da je savjesnost kod sportaša također visoko razvijena. Nesportaši su postigli nešto više vrijednosti u ekstraverziji u usporedbi sa sportašima iako, obje grupe pokazuju visoku razinu ekstraverzije. Suprotno očekivanjima, podaci pokazuju da nesportaši imaju nešto višu prosječnu vrijednost ugodnosti u odnosu na sportaše. Međutim, sportaši također pokazuju visoku razinu ugodnosti. N a kraju se pokazalo da sportaši imaju niže vrijednosti neuroticizma, što ukazuje na veću emocionalnu stabilnost.
Zaključak:
Istraživanje je pokazalo da postoje određene razlike između sportaša i nesportaša u nekim dimenzijama ličnosti, no te razlike nisu statistički značajne. Rezultati su pokazali da sportaši imaju nešto višu prosječnu razinu emocionalne stabilnosti (niži neuroticizam) u odnosu na nesportaše, ali ta razlika nije bila statistički značajna. Slično tome, nesportaši su pokazali neznatno višu razinu ekstraverzije, ugodnosti i savjesnosti u usporedbi sa sportašima, ali ni ove razlike nisu bile dovoljno velike da bi se smatrale statistički značajnima. Ovo istraživanje potvrđuje složenost povezanosti između osobina ličnosti i sporta te naglašava potrebu za daljnjim istraživanjem.Goal:
The main goal of this research is to investigate whether athletes develop different personality traits than non-athletes and vice versa, and whether these differences are the result of natural selection or the influence of the sports environment.
Methods:
The research was conducted on a convenient sample (N=52) consisting of 26 athletes and 26 non-athletes (students of the Faculty of Health Studies of the University of Rijeka). The measuring instrument used in the research is the International Personality Item Pool – Five Factor Model – 50 (IPIP-Big5), a standardized questionnaire for the assessment of five main personality traits consisting of 50 statements to which the respondent expresses the degree of agreement or disagreement on a Likert scale.
Results:
The results showed that there are no significant differences in openness between athletes and non-athletes. In the domain of conscientiousness, it was shown that non-athletes have a slightly higher average value of conscientiousness compared to athletes, the data also show that conscientiousness in athletes is also highly developed. Non-athletes scored slightly higher in extraversion compared to athletes, although both groups show a high level of extraversion. Contrary to expectations, the data show that non-athletes have a slightly higher average value of pleasantness compared to athletes. However, athletes also show a high level of comfort. In the end, it turned out that athletes have lower values of neuroticism, which indicates greater emotional stability.
Conclusion:
The research showed that there are certain differences between athletes and non-athletes in some personality dimensions, but these differences are not statistically significant. The results showed that athletes have a slightly higher average level of emotional stability (lower neuroticism) compared to non-athletes, but this difference was not statistically significant. Similarly, non-athletes showed slightly higher levels of extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness compared to athletes, but these differences were also not large enough to be considered statistically significant. This research confirms the complexity of the connection between personality traits and sports and highlights the need for further research
Stress and the consequences of stress in healthcare workers in intensive care units
No full textStres nastaje kada se pojedinac osjeća obveznim odgovoriti na situaciju, ali nije u stanju
nositi se sa zahtjevima situacije. Stres je subjektivan, a osjetljivost na razne stresore varira od
osobe do osobe. Među čimbenicima koji utječu na osjetljivost na stres su genetska ranjivost,
stil suočavanja, tip osobnosti i društvena podrška. Utjecaj koji stres ima na pojedinca stoga ne
ovisi samo o prirodi i težini stresa, već i o psihološkom sklopu pojedinca (1). Istraživanja
pokazuju da osobe pod stresom imaju veći rizik od visokog krvnog tlaka i srčanih problema,
astme, pretilosti, dijabetesa, glavobolja, depresije i anksioznosti, gastrointestinalnih problema i
Alzheimerove bolesti. Budući da je stres u biti subjektivan, logično je da bi i suočavanje sa
stresom u osnovi trebalo biti subjektivan proces. Stres je sastavni dio svakog radnog mjesta (2).
Međutim, jedinica intenzivnog liječenja je vrlo stresno okruženje, ne samo za pacijente i
rodbinu, već i za osoblje jedinica intenzivnog liječenja (medicinske sestre i liječnike) s
proporcionalno većom količinom stresa povezanog s radnim mjestom u odnosu na ostala
zanimanja. Preopterećenost poslom, iscrpljenost osobne, zaštitne opreme, nedostatak određenih
lijekova i osjećaj neadekvatne podrške mogu pridonijeti mentalnom opterećenju ovih
zdravstvenih djelatnika (3).
U uobičajenim radnim uvjetima, stres pogađa čak 33% medicinskih sestara i do 45%
liječnika u intenzivnoj njezi. Uzroci nastanka stresa kod medicinskih sestara u intenzivnoj njezi
najčešće se povezuju sa svakodnevnim stresnim situacijama, preopterećenosti poslom,
nezadovoljstvom na poslu, slabom mogućnosti napredovanja, narušenim međuljudskim
odnosima na radnome mjestu, prevelikim zahtjevima i očekivanjima bolesnika, izloženosti
biološkim, kemijskim i fizikalnim štetnostima (4). Kada i u kojem intenzitetu će se stres razviti
ovisi o psihološkim osobinama osobnosti, organizaciji rada, uvjetima rada i međuljudskim
odnosima i psihosocijalnoj klimi na radnom mjestu (5). Cilj rada je istražiti, prikazati i opisati
pojavnost i posljedice stresa kod zdravstvenih djelatnika na jedinici intenzivnog liječenja i
povezanost istih sa spolom, životnom dobi i radnim iskustvom. Rezultati istraživanja upućuju
na intervencije kojima bi se potencijalno ublažili uzroci i pojavnost stresa kod zdravstvenih
djelatnika.Stress occurs when an individual feels obliged to respond to a situation, but is unable to
cope with the demands of the situation. Stress is subjective, and sensitivity to various stressors
varies from person to person. Among the factors that influence stress sensitivity are genetic
vulnerability, coping style, personality type, and social support. The impact that stress has on
an individual therefore depends not only on the nature and severity of the stress, but also on the
individual's psychological make-up (1). Research shows that people under stress have a higher
risk of high blood pressure and heart problems, asthma, obesity, diabetes, headaches, depression
and anxiety, gastrointestinal problems and Alzheimer's disease. Since stress *is essentially
subjective, it is logical that coping with stress should also be a fundamentally subjective
process. Stress is an integral part of every workplace (2). However, the intensive care unit is a
very stressful environment, not only for patients and relatives, but also for intensive care unit
staff (nurses and doctors) with a proportionally higher amount of job-related stress compared
to other occupations. Work overload, exhaustion of personal and protective equipment, lack of
certain medicines and the feeling of inadequate support can contribute to the mental burden of
these healthcare workers (3).
Under normal working conditions, stress affects as many as 33% of nurses and up to
45% of doctors in intensive care. The causes of stress in nurses in intensive care are most often
associated with everyday stressful situations, work overload, dissatisfaction at work, poor
opportunities for advancement, impaired interpersonal relationships at the workplace, excessive
demands and expectations of patients, exposure to biological, chemical and physical harm (4 ).
When and in what intensity stress will develop depends on the psychological characteristics of
the personality, work organization, working conditions and interpersonal relations and the
psychosocial climate at the workplace (5). The aim of the paper is to investigate, show and
describe the incidence and consequences of stress in health care workers in the intensive care
unit and their relationship with gender, age and work experience. The results of the research
point to interventions that could potentially alleviate the causes and incidence of stress among
healthcare workers
QUALITY OF LIFE IN INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN BEFORE AND AFTER PHYSICAL THERAPY
No full textUvod: Termin "kvaliteta života" odnosi se na stupanj očuvanih tjelesnih, socijalnih i emocionalnih funkcija bolesnika u svakodnevnom životu te koliko bolest ili stanje utječu na njihovu sposobnost obavljanja uobičajenih dnevnih aktivnosti.
Cilj istraživanja: Cilj istraživanja je usporediti kvalitetu života kod osoba s kroničnom boli u donjem dijelu leđa prije i nakon provedene fizikalne terapije te ispitati promjene i ograničenja u kvaliteti života s obzirom na dob i spol.
Ispitanici i metode: Istraživanje je uključivalo 50 ispitanika, 25 žena i 25 muškaraca u dobi od 31 do 70 godina starosti. Podaci su prikupljeni putem anketnih upitnika SF-36 (standardizirani upitnik zdravstvenog statusa) i Oswestry upitnikom za procjenu invalidnosti i ograničenja u aktivnostima svakodnevnog života. Statistička obrada podataka obrađena je u programu Statistica 14.0.0.15 uz t test za zavisne uzorke, t test za nezavisne uzorke te Pearsonov-u r korelaciju.
Rezultati: Kvaliteta života nakon fizikalne terapije se značajno poboljšala u usporedbi s kvalitetom života prije fizikalne terapije. Promjena u kvaliteti života s obzirom na dob i spol nakon fizikalne terapije nije se statistički značajno razlikovala. Ograničenja u svakodnevnom životu pokazuju značajnu razliku kod osoba s kroničnom boli u donjem dijelu leđa prije i nakon provedbe fizikalne terapije.
Zaključak: Fizikalnom terapijom značajno se poboljšala kvaliteta života i smanjila su se ograničenja u svakodnevnom životu, kod žena i muškaraca neovisno o njihovoj dobi.Introduction: The term "quality of life" refers to the degree of preserved physical, social, and emotional functions of patients in daily life and how much a disease or condition affects their ability to perform routine daily activities.
Aim of the research: The aim of this study is to compare the quality of life in individuals with chronic lower back pain before and after undergoing physical therapy, as well as to examine the changes and limitations in quality of life with with regard to age and gender.
Participants and methods: The study involved 50 participants, 25 women and 25 men, aged 31 to 70 years. Data were collected using questionaries SF-36 (36 item Short Form Health Survey) and Oswestry Disability Index for assessing disability and limitations in daily activities. Statical data analysis was performed using Statistica 14.0.0.15 software, with a dependent samples t-test, independent samples t-test, and Pearson's r correlation.
Results: The quality of life significantly improved after physical therapy compared to the quality of life before physical therapy. Changes in quality of life with regard to age and gender after physical therapy did not differ statistically. Limitations in daily life showed a significant difference in individuals with chronic lower back pain before and after physical therapy.
Conclusion: Physical therapy significantly improved quality of life and reduced limitations in daily life for both women and men, regardless of their age
KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF WOMEN TOWARDS THE METHOD OF COMPLETING CHILDBIRTH TOWARD research
No full textUvod: Carski rez je kirurška intervencija koja spašava živote za žene i njihovu novorođenčad iako je njegova pretjerana uporaba u posljednje vrijeme globalni javnozdravstveni problem. Povećanje stope rađanja carskim rezom pitanje je koje zabrinjava javnost, zdravstvene djelatnike i medicinsku zajednicu u mnogim zemljama. Razlozi za povećanje stope carskog reza uključuju sve stariju dob majke, socioekonomske čimbenike, te smanjeni paritet. Iako u određenim situacijama carski rez može spriječiti ozbiljan morbiditet i mortalitet fetusa i majke, podaci ukazuju da u mnogim slučajevima postupak nije indiciran, a vaginalni porod bi u mnogim slučajevima prošao sigurno.
Cilj istraživanja: Cilj ovog istraživanja je istražiti znanja i stavove žena u Republici Hrvatskoj prema carskom rezu, te podići svijest o ovom problemu kako bi ga se smanjilo na najnižu moguću razinu.
Materijali i metode: Istraživanje je provedeno u razdoblju od 20.06. do 31.07.2024. putem Google docs obrasca on line putem. U istraživanje su bile uključene žene reproduktivne dobi, od 19 do 40 godina koje su ranije imale porod, bez obzira na način njegova dovršenja (carskim rezom ili su rodile vaginalnim putem). Istraživanje se provodilo putem anketnog upitnika „Knowledge and attitudes about vaginal versus caesarean section delivery“. Prvi dio anketnog upitnika odnosio se na sociodemografske i opstetričke podatke. Glavni dio upitnika odnosio se na 22 tvrdnje koje su bile usmjerene na ispitivanje znanja i stavova žena prema načinu dovršenja poroda (vaginalnim putem ili carskim rezom).
Rezultati: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 376 ispitanica. Na temelju provedene analize možemo vidjeti kako je 249 (66,4%) ispitanica do sada rađalo. Najveći udio ispitanica ima više od 35 godina 207 (55,1 %). Prema dobivenim rezultatima može se uočiti kako je 249 ispitanica (66,4%) do sad rađalo. S obzirom na način poroda rezultati pokazuju kako je 189 (50,3%) ispitanica imalo vaginalan porod. Tvrdnju materalni morbiditet je češći kod carskog reza nego vaginalnog poroda netočnom smatra 292 (77,7%) ispitanica. Tvrdnju da su infekcije češće nakon carskog reza netočnom smatra 90 (50,5%) ispitanica. Kod analize svih odgovora može se uočiti kako je prosječan udio točnih odgovora na pitanja znanja bio 59,17%.
Zaključak: Na temelju provedenog istraživanja, utvrđeno je da više od polovice ispitanica ima dovoljno znanja prema načinima dovršenja poroda, a većina ispitanica ima pozitivno mišljenje o vaginalnom porodu. Ispitanice između 30 i 34 godine odgovoriti će s više od 80 % točnih odgovora o vrstama poroda i mogućim komplikacijama u odnosu na skupinu ispitanika mlađih od 30. godina djelomično se prihvaća jer je udio ispitanica koje navode točne odgovore najveći u dobnoj skupini 30–34 godina 81 (74,3%). Na kraju istraživanja hipoteza se odbacuje jer žene koje su rodile carskim rezom pokazuju jednako znanje kao i žene koje su rodile vaginalnim putem. Nadamo se kako će ovo istraživanje doprinjeti primjeni posebnih smjernica u zdravstvenim ustanovama koje se tiču indikacija za carski rez.Introduction: Caesarean section is a life-saving surgical intervention for women and their newborns, although its excessive use has recently become a global public health problem. The increase in caesarean birth rates is a matter of concern to the public, health professionals and the medical community in many countries. Reasons for increasing cesarean rates include increasing maternal age, socioeconomic factors, and decreased parity. Although in certain situations caesarean section can prevent serious morbidity and mortality of the fetus and mother, the data indicate that in many cases the procedure is not indicated, and in many cases a vaginal birth would be safe.
The aim of the research: The aim of this research is to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of women in the Republic of Croatia towards caesarean section, and to raise awareness of this problem in order to reduce it to the lowest possible level.
Materials and methods: The research was conducted in the period from 20.06. until 31.07.2024. via Google docs form online via. The study included women of reproductive age, from 19 to 40 years old, who had previously given birth, regardless of the way it was completed (caesarean section or vaginal delivery). The research was conducted through the questionnaire "Knowledge and attitudes about vaginal versus caesarean section delivery". The first part of the questionnaire referred to sociodemographic and obstetric data. The main part of the questionnaire referred to 22 statements that were aimed at examining women's knowledge and attitudes towards the method of completion of childbirth (vaginal or caesarean section).
Results: 376 respondents participated in the research. Based on the analysis, we can see that 249 (66.4%) of the respondents have given birth so far. The largest share of respondents is over 35 years old 207 (55.1%). According to the obtained results, it can be seen that 249 respondents (66.4%) have given birth so far. With regard to the mode of delivery, the results show that 189 (50.3%) subjects had a vaginal delivery. 292 (77.7%) respondents consider the statement that maternal morbidity is more common in caesarean section than in vaginal birth incorrect. The statement that infections are more common after caesarean section is considered incorrect by 90 (50.5%) respondents. When analyzing all answers, it can be seen that the average share of correct answers to knowledge questions was 59.17%.
Conclusion: Based on the conducted research, it was determined that more than half of the respondents have sufficient knowledge about the methods of completing childbirth, and most of the respondents have a positive opinion about vaginal birth. Respondents between the ages of 30 and 34 will answer with more than 80% correct answers about the types of childbirth and possible complications compared to the group of respondents under the age of 30. It is partially accepted because the proportion of respondents giving correct answers is the highest in the age group 30-34 81 (74.3%). At the end of the research, the hypothesis is rejected because women who gave birth by caesarean section show the same knowledge as women who gave birth vaginally. We hope that this research will contribute to the application of special guidelines in health care institutions regarding indications for caesarean section
LEVEL OF INFORMATION AND ATTITUDES OF PARENTS ON THE PREVENTION OF BURNS IN CHILDREN
No full textUVOD: Opeklina kao posljedica toplinskih ozljeda predstavlja značajan izazov u pedijatriji budući da su djeca često izložena brojnim rizicima u svakodnevnoj okolini. Važna je brza reakcija te prema stupnju opeklina određuje se vrsta potrebne pomoći. Raznolikost uzroka, od nesreća u obiteljskom okruženju do prometnih incidenta, navodi urgentnu potrebu za pravilnim obrazovanjem roditelja, odgajatelja i zdravstvenih radnika s ciljem preventivnog djelovalo na sprječavanje ovih ozbiljnih ozljeda.
CILJ: Cilj ovog istraživanja je procjena informiranosti roditelja o opasnostima od opeklina kod djece.
METODE: Postupak istraživanja vršio se preko anketnog upitnika kojega su ispunjavali roditelji vezano za njihovo znanje o prevenciji i zbrinjavanju opeklina kod djece te mišljenje o sveobuhvatnoj temi i zadovoljstvo sustavom na temelju ponuđenih edukativnih radionica i programa o sigurnosti djece kada su u pitanju opekline. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 301 roditelj ispitanika, a podaci su analizirani korištenjem deskriptivne statistike i hi-kvadrat testa.
REZULTATI: Rezultati su pokazali d razina informiranosti roditelja o opasnostima od opeklina kod djeteta značajno visoka, s tim da je razina znanja roditelja o postupcima s opeklinama od vrućeg napitka veća u odnosu na sunčane i električne opekline kod djeteta. Ispitanici ženskog spola više zalažu za mjeru sigurnog pohranjivanja vrućih tekućina za razliku od roditelja muškog spola. Najvažnija preventivna mjera je prema mišljenju roditelja je edukacija o opeklinama. Utvrđeno je da postoji razlika u učestalosti educiranja djeteta o opasnostima i prevenciji opeklina s obzirom na dob roditelja te da su roditelji ocijenili suradnju s institucijama kao što su škola i vrtić dobrom.
ZAKLJUČAK: Preporučuje daljnje istraživanje o informiranosti roditelja kao i postupcima zbrinjavanja djeteta kada se dogodi opeklina. Opeklina može nastati zbog zalijevanja vrućom vodom, dodirom vrućih predmeta, igranja zapaljivim predmetima ili kao posljedica požara. Često uzrokuje životne posljedice za dijete i za cijelu obitelj
Ključne riječi: djeca, opekline, prevencija, emocionalni čimbenici socijalni faktori, terapijski pristupINTRODUCTION: Burns as a result of thermal injuries represent a significant challenge in pediatrics since children are often exposed to numerous risks in their everyday environment. Fast reaction is important, and the type of help required is determined according to the degree of burns. The variety of causes, from accidents in the family environment to traffic incidents, indicates an urgent need for proper education of parents, educators, and health workers with the aim of preventive action to prevent these serious injuries.
OBJECTIVE: This research aims to assess parents' awareness of the dangers of burns in children.
METHODS: The research process was carried out through a survey questionnaire filled out by parents regarding their knowledge about the prevention and treatment of burns in children, as well as their opinion on the comprehensive topic and satisfaction with the system based on the offered educational workshops and programs on the safety of children when it comes to burns. 301 parents of respondents participated in the research, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test.
RESULTS: The results showed that the level of parents' information about the dangers of burns in children is significantly high, with the fact that the level of knowledge of parents about procedures for burns from hot drinks is higher compared to sun and electric burns in children. Female respondents are more in favor of the measure of safe storage of hot liquids than male parents. According to parents, the most important preventive measure is education about burns. t was established that there is a difference in the frequency of educating the child about the dangers and prevention of burns about the age of the parents and that the parents rated cooperation with institutions such as schools and kindergartens as good
CONCLUSION: It recommends further research on parents' information and childcare procedures when a burn occurs. Burns can be caused by pouring hot water, touching hot objects, playing with flammable objects, or as a result of a fire. It often causes life-threatening consequences for the child and the entire family
Keywords: burns, children, prevention, emotional factors, social factors, therapeutic approac
STRESS AT THE WORKPLACE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGISTS
No full textStres na radnom mjestu javlja se kao posljedica utjecaja iz radnog okoliša. Može biti jači ili slabiji ovisno o radnom mjestu i drugim faktorima. Radiološki tehnolozi i drugi zdravstveni djelatnici izloženi su radnim opterećenjima koja mogu biti rezultat iscrpljenosti i stresa. Mnoga istraživanja pokazala su umjerenu razinu stresa u zdravstvenih djelatnika, a neki od razloga su: rad s pacijentima, noćni rad i dežurstva.
Ciljevi ovog istraživanja bili su ispitati razinu stresa na radnom mjestu radioloških tehnologa/inja i usporediti razinu stresa s obzirom na spol, dob i duljinu radnog staža.
U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 40 radioloških tehnologa (17 M, 23 Ž). Korišten je Upitnik o stresorima na radnom mjestu bolničkih zdravstvenih djelatnika.
Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da je stres u radioloških tehnologa i tehnologinja umjeren te da razlika u razini stresa radioloških tehnologa i tehnologinja nije statistički značajna. Dob i duljina radnog staža pozitivno su povezani s ukupnim stresom na radnom mjestu i sa stresom na radnom mjestu na 4 od ukupno 6 faktora.
Dobiveni rezultati istraživanja predstavljaju mišljenja radioloških tehnologa i tehnologinja o stresu na njihovom radnom mjestu. Implementiranje zaključaka ovog istraživanja u vidu različitih preventivnih aktivnosti te edukacija na temu kako se učinkovitije nositi sa stresom, moglo bi dovesti do povećanja kvalitete njihovog svakodnevnog rada te do poticanja profesionalnog razvoja.Stress at the workplace occurs as a result of influences from the work environment. It can be stronger or weaker depending on the workplace and other factors. Radiologic technologists and other healthcare professionals are exposed to workloads that can be the result of exhaustion and stress. Many studies have shown a moderate level of stress in healthcare professionals, and some of the reasons are: work with patients, night work and on-call duty.
The goals of this research were to examine the level of stress in the workplace of radiological technologists and to compare the level of stress with regard to gender, age and length of service.
40 radiological technologists (17 M, 23 F) participated in the research. The Questionnaire on stressors at the workplace of hospital health workers was used.
The research results showed that stress in radiological technologists is moderate and that the difference in the level of stress of radiological technologists is not statistically significant. Age and length of service are positively related to total stress at the workplace and to stress at the workplace on 4 out of a total of 6 factors.
The obtained research results represent the opinions of radiological technologists about stress at their workplace. Implementing the conclusions of this research in the form of various preventive activities and education on how to deal with stress more effectively could lead to an increase in the quality of their daily work and to the stimulation of professional development
The effect of medical massage on the range of motion of the sternoclavicular joint: research
No full textSAŽETAK Uvod: medicinska masaža predstavlja vrstu manualne terapija koja dovodi do sveobuhvatne manipulacije kože, fascije i mišića kako bi se postigla relaksacija, smanjila bol i povećao opseg pokreta zgloba. Sastoji se od niza tehnika koje uključuju: glađenje, trljanje, gnječenje, lupkanje i vibracije. Masaža dovodi do smanjenja mišićne napetosti, boli i otekline te do poboljšanja elastičnosti tkiva i povećanja protoka krvi u mišiće. Sternoklavikularni zglob jedini je spoj između gornjih ekstremiteta i aksijalnog skeleta. Pokreti u zglobu važni su za obavljanje aktivnosti svakodnevnog života. Današnji sjedilački način života dovodi do napetosti i smanjenja opsega pokreta ramena i vrata te je zbog toga nužno prepoznati rane znakove tegoba i započeti sa ranom intervencijom. Kako bi se pokreti postigli u punom opsegu pokreta potrebno je postići normalno pokretljivost lopatice i sternoklavikularnog zgloba. Cilj istraživanja: ispitati utjecaj medicinske masaže na opseg pokreta u sternoklavikularnom zglobu. Ispitanici (materijalni) i metode: u istraživanju je sudjelovalo 30 studenata i studentica prijediplomskog studija fizioterapije Fakulteta zdravstvenih studija Sveučilišta u Rijeci dobi od 19 do 22 godine. Istraživanje je provedeno u ožujku 2024. godine u kabinetu za fizioterapiju na Fakultetu zdravstvenih studija u Rijeci. Opseg pokreta mjerio se gravitacijskim goniometrom prije i nakon masaže. Tretman masaže trajao je 5 minuta. Ispitanicima je masirano jedno rame, dok je drugo ne masirano rame predstavljalo kontrolu grupu. Ispitanicima je nasumično odabrano rame za masažu kako faktor dominantne ruke ne bi utjecao na rezultate. Dobiveni rezultati izračunati su u računalnom programu Statistica, verzija 14.0.0.15 (TIBCO Software Inc.) Statistička metoda kojom je određena statistička značajnost bila studentov T-test za male zavisne uzorke. Statistički značajnim rezultatima smatrale su se vrijednosti gdje je p<0,05. Rezultati: sve postavljenje hipoteze istraživanja su potvrđene i rezultati su statistički značajni. Opseg pokreta elevacije, depresije, protrakcije i retrakcije sternoklavikularnog zgloba povećao se nakon masaže. Opseg pokreta elevacije prosječno se povećao za 5,4°, depresije za 4,1°, protrakcije za 6,1° i retrakcije za 5,5°. Zaključak: cilj istraživanja je ispunjen te se opseg pokreta povećao nakon masaže. Rezultati pokazuju trenutno poboljšanje pokretljivosti, ali unatoč tome za održivost većeg opsega pokreta potrebno je kontinuirano provođenje tretmana masaže kroz duži vremenski period.ABSTRACT Introduction: medical massage is a type of manual therapy that leads to comprehensive manipulation of the skin, fascia and muscles in order to achieve relaxation, reduce pain and increase the range of motion of the joint. It consists of a series of techniques that include: smoothing, rubbing, kneading, tapping and vibration. Massage leads to a reduction in muscle tension, pain and swelling, as well as an improvement in tissue elasticity and an increase in blood flow to the muscles. The sternoclavicular joint is the only connection between the upper extremities and the axial skeleton. Movements in the joint are important for performing activities of daily life. Today's sedentary lifestyle leads to tension and a reduction in shoulder and neck range of motion, which is why it is necessary to recognize early signs of problems and start with early intervention. In order to achieve full range of motion, it is necessary to achieve normal mobility of the scapula and sternoclavicular joint. The aim of the research: to examine the influence of medical massage on the range of motion in the sternoclavicular joint. Subjects (materials) and methods: 30 male and female students of the physiotherapy undergraduate study at the Faculty of Health Studies of the University of Rijeka, aged 19 to 22, participated in the research. The research was conducted in March 2024 in the physiotherapy room at the Faculty of Health Studies in Rijeka. The range of motion was measured with a gravity goniometer before and after the massage. The massage treatment lasted 5 minutes. One shoulder of the subjects was massaged, while the other non-massaged shoulder represented the control group. Subjects were randomly selected shoulder for massage so that the factor of dominant hand would not affect the results. The obtained results were calculated in the computer program Statistica, version 14.0.0.15 (TIBCO Software Inc.). The statistical method used to determine statistical significance was the student's T-test for small dependent samples. Values where p<0.05 were considered statistically significant results. Results: all research hypotheses were confirmed and the results are statistically significant. The range of motion of elevation, depression, protraction and retraction of the sternoclavicular joint increased after the massage. The range of motion of elevation increased on average by 5.4°, depression by 4.1°, protraction by 6.1° and retraction by 5.5°. Conclusion: the aim of the research was confirmed and the range of motion increased after the massage. The results show an immediate improvement in mobility, but despite this, for the sustainability of a greater range of motion, continuous massage treatment over a longer period is necessary
Knowledge of undergraduate nursing students about the health care of patients with subdural hematoma: work with research
No full textKlinička slika pacijenta sa subduralnim hematomom je medicinsko stanje koje se lako može zamijeniti sa kliničkom slikom moždanog udara, akutno opitog stanja ili staračkom demencijom. Kroz ovaj istraživački završni rad ukratko je opisana anatomija moždano-moždinskih ovojnica, pojam subduralnog prostora, uzroci i simptomi kliničke slike subduralnog hematoma, ali u najvećem opsegu zdravstvena njega pacijenta sa subduralnim hematomom. Medicinske sestre/tehničari su osobe koje provode najviše vremena sa pacijentima, stoga su oni prvi koji uočavaju promjene i moguće komplikacije koje se pojavljuju tijekom provođenja zdravstvene njege.
U ovom završnom radu opširnije je opisana zdravstvena njega i moguće sestrinske dijagnoze koje se mogu javiti kod pacijenta sa subduralnim hematomom. U istraživačkom dijelu ovog rada sudjelovali su studenti svih godina, redovnog i izvanrednog, prijediplomskog studija Sestrinstva. Istraživanje se provodilo nad 100 studenata prijediplomskog studija Sestrinstva u svrhu prikazivanja i usporedbe znanja između studenata.The clinical picture of a patient with a subdural hematoma is a medical condition that can easily be mistaken for a clinical picture of a stroke, an acutely intoxicated state, or senile dementia. The anatomy of the meninges, the concept of the subdural space, the causes and symptoms of the clinical picture of subdural hematoma, but mostly the health care of patients with subdural hematoma are briefly described in this research final paper. Nurses/technicians are the people who spend most of their time with patients, therefore they are the first to notice changes and possible complications that appear during the implementation of healthcare.
In this final paper, the health care and possible nursing diagnoses that can occur in a patient with a subdural hematoma are described in more detail. In the research part of this work, students of all years, full-time and part-time, of the undergraduate study of Nursing participated. The research was conducted on 100 undergraduate students of Nursing for the purpose of showing and comparing knowledge between students