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The dynamics of the Language of newspaper headlines in Nigeria
Get PDFThis paper has looked at the dynamics of the structures of headlines. Related literature was reviewed on functions and influence of the print media, mass media and language development, and studies in headlines, to give the work the necessary theoretical foundation. The study employed survey approach to look at reportage of headlines of some newspapers in Nigeria. Three questions guided this study: What are the types of headlines cast for the stories? What is the syntactic structure of the headlines? What is the level of social responsibility displayed by the editors, in casting the headlines? A total of 24 headlines were purposively collected as data, and analyzed. The analysis has revealed that ‘plain’, ‘headlines with pointers’, and ‘speech as headlines’ characterized our data. Also, most of the headlines are cast in simple sentence structures. This result is significant for mass media teachers as they apply principles and theories of language, in their business of teaching mass media courses, daily
Biologically Active Solid Deposits in Biocide treated Oil and Gas pipelines from a Nigerian Onshore Oil Production Facility
Get PDFPipelines transporting crude oil, produced water and gas from an onshore oil producing facility in Nigeria are subject to frequent corrosion failures despite treatment programs with chlorine (0.5mg L-1) and sodium azide (0.2 mg L-1). Solid deposit samples from 6 corroded pipelines were analyzed chemically and biologically to determine whether the corrosion episodes were as a result of microbial activity. Microbiological analysis showed relatively high concentrations of microorganisms associated with corrosion such as SRBs (103-105 cell g-1) and APBs (103-107 cells g-1) while chemical analysis showed evidence of corrosion products such as iron II, calcium, sulfide, carbonate and bicarbonate. Chemical analysis also revealed that environmental conditions such as availability of nutrients, pH, moisture and redox potential were favorable for the growth and proliferation of these microorganisms. All the pipeline samples that were investigated recorded remarkable corrosion rates that ranged from 0.065-0.30 mm yr-1 but the rates were higher in chloride treated pipelines. Our investigation revealed that the solid deposit samples were biologically active and pipeline corrosion was as a result of microbial activity. Thus the prevalence of bio-corrosion is likely to be higher in cases where routine pipeline cleaning and checks are not strictly adhered to despite regular biocide treatment program
Effects of artemether on biochemical markers of liver function in Plasmodium berghei-infected and non-infected rats
Get PDFThis study aimed at determining changes in plasma activities of some enzymes and concentrations of plasma organic constituents which are often used in the assessment of liver functions in uninfected rats (UNR) and Plasmodium berghei infected rats (INR), following a week of intramuscular administration of artemether (12.5 to 50.0 mg/kg/day). The observed changes were related to the effects of artemether on the liver of the rats. At all the doses tested, the plasma concentrations of total and conjugated bilirubin increased significantly in both INR and UNR. A significant decrease in the plasma concentrations of glucose was also observed in UNR. The levels of cholesterol were significantly higher in INR than UNR. Plasma glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) activity was significantly increased in both categories of rats, but more significantly in INR. The activity of plasma glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) increased significantly at 12.5 and 25.0 mg/kg only in UNR, while a significant increase was observed at 50.0 mg/kg in the INR. Photomicrograph of the liver revealed progressive tissue damage which was more pronounced in INR than UNR. We concluded that high doses of artemether are toxic to the liver of both infected and uninfected rats
Screening of Ameloblastoma Cases in Ibadan for HPV and EBV Genes.
Get PDFContext: This study investigated the presence or absence of β-catenin and Patched1 (PTCH1) genes involved
in the developmental pathway in ameloblastoma, in order to clarify the genetic etiology of this tumor.
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether PTCH1 and β-catenin genes are involved in the development of ameloblastoma. Subjects and Methods: Archived formalin-fixed paraffinembedded specimens of 89 ameloblastoma cases from the year 2000 to 2010 were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: A total of 21 (23.6%) of the 89 ameloblastoma cases were positive for β-catenin gene, where 14/21 (66.7%) cases were mandibular ameloblastoma. Plexiform 5/21 (23.8%) and cystic 5/21 (23.8%) ameloblastoma were the most regular histological type positive for β-catenin. However, β-catenin positive was more in the feminine gender (11/19, 57.9%) than the masculine (8/19, 42.1%). Only one case was positive for PTCH1 gene and this was histologically a mandibular site and plexiform-type ameloblastoma. Conclusions: This study suggested that β-catenin and PTCH1 genes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ameloblastoma
Dika nut oil as base oil for lubricants—effect of processing conditions on physicochemical properties
Get PDFThe paper presents a report on the effect of processing conditions of Dika nut oil on its physicochemical properties and also on the assessment of the oil for use as biodegradable lubricant. The oil was expressed mechanically from coarsely ground kernel meals at 3 and 9 wt.% moisture content (wet basis), preheated at 75, 100 and 150 °C for 10, 20 and 30 min. The plots showed that the chemical properties of the oil had quadratic and linear relationships with the heating temperature and heating time, respectively. At 95% confidence level, the free fatty acid content, the saponification, the iodine and the acid values of the oil were significantly affected by various processing conditions. The processing conditions therefore showed significant influence on the physicochemical properties of the oil and consequently on its suitability for use as lubricant. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Comparative antibacterial studies of mistletoes growing on two diffrent host plants in Akure North, Nigeria
Get PDFThe antibacterial activity of 60 % methanolic leaves extracts of mistletoes (Viscum album) growing on
cocoa and cola trees were tested on Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus,
Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi in vitro. Both the gram-positive and gramnegative organisms showed variable sensitivity to the extracts treatments. The results obtained indicated
that extracts from both host plants had some antibacteria activities against the microorganisms when
compared with standard antimicrobial agents (ciprofloxacin and sterptomycin) used as positive controls at
P < 0.05 significant level. In general,extracts from cocoa (Theobroma cacao) plant showed more
antimicrobial tendency than those from cola (Kola nitida) plant
Human Upper Body Pose Region Estimation
Get PDFThe objective of this chapter is to estimate 2D human pose for action recognition and especially for sign language recognition systems which require not only the hand motion trajectory to be classified but also facial features, Human Upper Body (HUB) and hand position with respect to other HUB parts. We propose an approach that progressively reduces the search space for body parts and can greatly improve chance to estimate the HUB pose. This involves two contributions: (a) a fast and robust search algorithm for HUB parts based on head size has been introduced for real time implementations. (b) Scaling the extracted parts during body orientation was attained using partial estimation of face size. The outcome of the system makes it applicable for real-time applications such as sign languages recognition systems. The method is fully automatic and self-initializing using a Haar-like face region. The tracking the HUB pose is based on the face detection algorithm. Our evaluation was done mainly using 50 images from INRIA Person Dataset
Accessing Indigenous Knowledge Resources in Libraries and the Problems Encountered by Librarians Managing IK in Oyo State, Nigeria
Get PDFIn this era of knowledge economy, a time where it is difficult to ignore any type of knowledge
system, it is incumbent on librarians and libraries to reduce the gap between the use of
indigenous knowledge owned by local people and the western scientific knowledge. The library
for users is a democracy, and there is no reason it should enhance apartheid among knowledge
systems and/or resources. LIS professionals all over the world have demonstrated commendable
initiatives managing IK though not without attendant challenges. This paper reports the study of
how libraries in Oyo State, Nigeria provide access to IK resources and the problems encountered
managing them. The descriptive survey was employed. Data was collected using self-designed
questionnaire for the project; and analysed using SPSS. It was found that IK resources were not
adequately represented in libraries in Oyo State. The study discovered that special, academic and
public libraries have differing means by which they provide access to IK resources. While
special and academic libraries catalogue and organize their resources, have a separate section
created for them within the library public libraries do not. Also, while public libraries network
with institutions to share IK resources, special and academic libraries do not. It was moreover
found that none of the libraries provide access to IK using public access database nor own a
digital library for borderless access to IK resources. Librarians however encounter challenges
managing IK. It is however recommended that libraries should up the game in providing access
to IK resources
Performance of Pawpaw (Carica papaya L.) and Soil Chemical Properties
No full textThis study evaluated different agricultural wastes as fertilizer on nursery performance of pawpaw Carica papaya L. and soil chemical properties. The experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Five agricultural wastes were used as organic fertilizers applied to pawpaw seedlings. The experimental design used was complete randomized design with three replicates. The following growth parameters were collected on weekly basis: Plant height, number of leaves per plant and leaf area. There was no significant differences in the effect of the different agricultural wastes applied as treatment on the pawpaw seedlings height, number of leaves per plant and leaf area. The soil chemical properties increased significantly after the study. The study confirms the appropriateness of the use of any of these agricultural waste at 2.5 ton ha-1 in raising pawpaw seedling since no significant different was observed in the growth parameters
The bio-corrosive nature of injection water sources used in the Nigerian oil and gas industry.
Get PDFThe bio-corrosive nature of injection water used in the Nigerian oil and gas industry from different sources such as seawater, produced water, brackish water, fresh and underground water were investigated with special emphasis on some of their components which enhance corrosion such as microbial activity, dissolved oxygen and presence of dissolved substances such as chlorides, sulfates and ammonia. Our investigation reveals that seawater, produced water and brackish water had higher salinity, conductivity, concentrations of dissolved oxygen, TDS, sulfate, organic nutrients, sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB), acid producing bacteria (APB) and higher corrosion rates (0.24-0.56 mm yr-1) than fresh and underground water whose corrosion rates ranged between 0.06-0.08 mm yr-1. Our study also established high correlation between corrosion rates and the concentrations of Fe2+, SRB, APB, TDS, DO and conductivity in all injection water samples examined in the study. The role of microorganisms in enhancing corrosion was also clearly established in some samples