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PREDICTION OF THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF A ROAD STRUCTURE WITH SHALLOW TRANSVERSE TUBULAR DRAINAGE
Get PDFThe stress-strain state of a road structure with shallow tubular drainage, which is arranged on waterlogged sections of public highways, has been investigated. Three-dimensional models of the road structure with pipes made of various materials were built using the finite element method. Experimental studies on models were carried out for cases of normative and over-norm load on the basis of the SCAD Office software and calculation complex. The distribution of normal stresses, deformation values in the road structure and directly in the body of the tubular drain is obtained. The working conditions were determined and the expediency of using PVC pipes and concrete pipes on the road of III category was substantiated.
Subject of research: stress-strain state of a road structure with shallow transverse tubular drainage.
Investigated problem: determination of deformations in a road structure with tubular drains based on the distribution of normal stresses.
Main scientific results: distribution of isopoles and isolines of normal stresses, deformation values in road structures with shallow transverse tubular drainage. The expediency of using the type of drainage pipes on waterlogged sections of roads under conditions of excess load has been determined.
The area of practical use of the research result: design institutions and enterprises specializing in the road transport industry.
An innovative technology product: stress and strain distribution in atypical road structures with tubular holes.
Scope of application of the innovative technological product: for the design of atypical road structures with tubular holes on waterlogged road sections
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF WASTEWATER REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES USING MICROALGAE
Get PDFThe object of research: the technology of wastewater remediation.
Investigated problem: improving the efficiency of biogenic and toxic elements removal from different types of wastewater and reducing the amount of waste in the removal process.
The main scientific results: Possible strains of microalgae, which have ability to absorb biogenic and toxic elements during their metabolism, are identified. It is shown that the use of microalgae is a promising method of wastewater remediation due to their wide availability, the ability to reduce pollution to the established maximum allowable discharge into reservoirs and the ability to accumulate high biomass, which can serve as raw material for industrial products. In particular, Oscillatoria spp. effectively removes chromium, Chlorella vulgaris effectively removes cadmium, copper and zinc, Chlamydomonas spp. effectively removes lead, Euglena gracilis effectively removes nitrogen and phosphorus compounds.
It is also shown that the most effective way to solve the problem of restoring the biomass of algae obtained in wastewater is to use immobilized cell systems. The use of immobilized systems can also increase the resistance of cells and the rate of their removal of various pollutants and xenobiotics from wastewater.
The area of practical use of the research results: Municipal enterprises for domestic and surface wastewater treatment. Enterprises for the treatment of industrial effluents. Enterprises for biomass processing, production of motor fuels, biogas, organic fertilizers.
Innovative technological product: The technology of remediation of domestic, surface and industrial wastewater, which allows to effectively purify these waters from toxic and biogenic elements and reduce pollution of surface water bodies. The technology assumes the absence of waste, as the resulting biomass of microalgae is considered as a raw material for the production of various products.
Scope of the innovative technological product: Technological schemes of domestic, rain and industrial wastewater remediation, protection water bodies from pollution, improvement of surface water quality
EVALUATION OF FETAL REACTIVITY IN A TEST WITH ACOUSTIC STIMULATION IN WOMEN WITH A HISTORY OF CESAREAN SECTION
Get PDFObject of study: pregnancy in women with a history of cesarean section, perinatal period.
The problem to be solved: clarification of the perinatal significance of the factor “scarred uterus”, substantiation of the clinical significance of the test with acoustic stimulation of the fetus as a method for predicting early neonatal adaptation.
Main scientific results: it was found that pregnancy in women with a history of cesarean section is characterized by an increased perinatal risk and is associated with psychoemotional stress of the mother, which affects the reactivity of fetal cerebral hemodynamics. It has been shown that the test with acoustic stimulation of fetus allows one to gain an idea of the fetus's perception of stressful influences, which should be taken into account when drawing up a delivery plan.
The area of practical use of research results: obstetric departments of maternity hospitals and multidisciplinary hospitals.
An innovative technological product: technology for assessing the state of the fetus in full-term pregnancy, which allows predicting complications of early neonatal adaptation based on the susceptibility of the fetus in the test with acoustic stimulation.
Scope of application of an innovative technological product: obstetric clinical practice, perinatal medicine
UKRAINIAN-RUSSIAN CONFLICT IN THE DONBAS FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF WESTERN HISTORIOGRAPHY: CHARACTER, ORIGINS, REASONS
Get PDFObject of research: analysis of the works of modern foreign authors, which reflect the process of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in the Donbas, which cast doubt on the European security system, has complicated the lives of millions of citizens. Clarification of the reasons that led to the amorphous national identity of the population of Donbas, rejection of Western values, mythical ideas about fascists-Banderites. Disclosure of the diversity of assessments of Western historiography regarding the origins and causes of the conflict, its nature. From a critical point of view, the work of "geopolitical realists" who are trying to minimize the Kremlin’s actions in relation to Ukraine is considered.
Investigated problem: to show and prove that the revival of Russian neo-imperialism, which even after 1991 considered Ukraine a vassal, became the main external factor that led to the escalation of the conflict and its actual “freezing”. The attention is focused on the reasons for the appearance of peculiar stereotypes of thinking and behavior of residents of the Donetsk basin, contrasted with the mentality of citizens of other regions, especially Western Ukraine. The cultural-historical split of Ukraine, which developed historically, could not be the cause of the armed conflict, even with the pole opposition “Lviv-Donetsk”. Therefore, the separatist sentiments that appeared in Donbas at certain times were not a mass phenomenon even in 2014 because of this, it is impossible to explain Russian aggravation of relations between the elites of Kyiv and Donbas without analyzing external interference. The state of affairs was also aggravated by both sabotage of the Donbas elites, they did not recognize the legitimacy of the new government in Kyiv after February 2014, and by the mistakes made by the central government in Kyiv. Hasty and ill-conceived, according to Western experts, was the adoption by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of a law abolishing the regional status of the Russian language. The name of the military operations from the Kyiv side as “anti-terrorist operation” was doubtful. It was changed late.
Main scientific results: in fact, for the first time in the historiography of Ukraine, the latest works of Western scholars on the Ukrainian-Russian conflict have been analyzed. Conclusions are made about the inconsistency of the views of Western historians regarding the nature and causes of the conflict, the prospects for its settlement
FORECASTING OF QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH FRACTURES OF THE PROXIMAL FEMUR
Get PDFThe aim of the research: correlation levels of the psychological component of quality of life and medical-epidemiological characteristics of patients with fractures of the proximal thigh.
Solved problem: to determine the possibility of predicting the impact of medical-epidemiological and anamnestic characteristics of patients with fractures of the proximal thigh on their quality of life after treatment of fractures of the proximal thigh.
Main scientific results: natural increase in comorbidity in the presence of comorbidities, low functional status and an increase in age characteristics were established. The probable influence of comorbidity on the decrease of the functional state according to the ASA classification also stated. An increase in the duration of treatment of patients with surgical treatment and a longer period of injury marked. The decrease in the quality of life of patients with increasing age characteristics, increasing comorbidity and reducing the indicators of functional status according to the ASA classification have been established.
Area of practical use of research results: medical institutions of traumatological profile.
Innovative technological product: determining the ability to predict the quality of life of patients after treatment of fractures of the proximal thigh, which allows you to predict the results of treatment such patients.
Scope of application of the innovative technological product: clinical medical traumatological practice of use of possibilities of forecasting of results of treatment of fractures of proximal hip department
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR ASSESSMENT AND SELECTION OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE FOR MINE RECONNAISSANCE
Get PDFObject of research: comparative assessment and selection of an unmanned aerial vehicle for mine reconnaissance sample.
Investigated problem: substantiation of the methodological apparatus for comparative assessment and selection of an unmanned aerial vehicle for mine reconnaissance sample, taking into consideration the presence of both quantitative and qualitative indicators.
Main scientific results: the methods of comparative assessment and selection of an unmanned aerial vehicle for mine reconnaissance sample is developed. The technique is based on an expert method, which allows a drone sample to be evaluated and selected objectively, taking into consideration the presence of both quantitative and qualitative indicators. At the same time, group interaction and discussion of experts are realized. When the judgments do not coincide, an artificial consensus is not imposed. The number of experts is not limited. The experts are not linked in any way. The need to ensure transitive consistency (10–12 %) makes it possible to record attempts by an expert (experts) to artificially overestimate the indicators of one of the drone samples (or the one being evaluated), therefore, the indicators of another sample will automatically deteriorate. The principle of impartiality and fairness is maintained. A well-trained objective coordinator is not required, and the reality is that the absence of the disrupting the problem solution possibility is due to a change in the psychological situation among the experts.
Area of practical use of research results: humanitarian demining in the interests of ensuring the detection of mines for various purposes by sappers from a safe distance. At the same time, an increase within the probability of mines detecting is ensured due to special equipment installed onboard the drone.
Innovative technological product: a technique has been developed that allows not only assessing the drone samples for mine reconnaissance objectively, but making an objective choice of a sample for specific requirements also.
Scope of application of the innovative technological product: clearance of the terrain remaining after the end of hostilities. With the help of unmanned aerial vehicles, a significant acceleration of the demining process is possible, especially in those territories where mines are installed and being for a sufficiently long time
RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE FOOD ADDITIVE "MAGNETOFOOD" ON THE QUALITY INDICATORS OF WHIPPED CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS
Get PDFThe results of the influence of the food additive "Magnetofood" on the quality indicators of whipped confectionery in the technologies of curd dessert and white-pink marshmallow (organoleptic characteristics, density, mechanical strength, effective viscosity, degree of overrun and volume kinetics during storage) are presented. It was found that the introduction of the additive "Magnetofood" into the prototypes of cottage cheese desserts and white-pink marshmallows (on agar and pectin) in an amount from 0.1 % to 0.2 % to the mass of the recipe mixture in comparison with the control improves the structure, texture and external type of whipped products; the distribution function of air bubbles by diameter is narrow and symmetric, the diameter d = (45 ... 50) 10-3 m is a fundamental factor indicating the stabilizing effect of nanoparticles of the food additive "Magnetofood". It was found that with an increase in the mass fraction of the food additive "Magnetofood", the following increases (compared to the control): in curd desserts - the maximum shear stress by a factor of (1.18 ... 1.3) and the thixotropy coefficient by 1.26 times; in white-pink marshmallows - the strength of the foam structure is (1.1 ... 1.2) times and the effective viscosity of the marshmallow masses is (1.35 ... 1.55) times (which has a positive effect on the texture of the product and the extension of the period preservation of the freshness of finished products); as well as in marshmallow masses, they decrease: density by (1.12 ... 1.15) times and the duration of whipping by (1.5 ... 2.5) 60 s. The rational content of the additive "Magnetofood" in the recipes of curd dessert and marshmallow of white-pink marshmallow was determined – 0.15 % to the mass of the recipe mixture. The prospects of using "Magnetofood" as an improver and stabilizer of polyphase foam-like structures have been determined
Object of research: production technology of cottage cheese desserts and white-pink marshmallows (on agar and pectin).
Investigated problem: obtaining stable polyphase food systems, in particular, a foam-like structure, with a deviation of the quality indicators of raw ingredients and technological parameters in production conditions.
Main scientific results: a deterioration in the quality of cottage cheese desserts and marshmallow products was revealed with a deviation of the physicochemical parameters of raw ingredients (in particular, cottage cheese, pectin, agar) and possible ranges of deviations of the initial values of the process parameters (temperature conditions, duration of whipping and gelation) leading to a deterioration the quality of finished products in terms of the following indicators: organoleptic characteristics, physicochemical, microbiological and functional and technological properties, shelf life. It is shown that improving the technology and increasing the stability of the polyphase structure of foam-like food products can be achieved by introducing a food additive of complex action "Magnetofood". In particular, due to the structure-forming, stabilizing, water-retaining and bacteriostatic properties of the Magnetofood additive. As a result of the introduction of 0.15 % food additive "Magnetofood" into the recipe for cottage cheese dessert and white-pink marshmallow, the following improves: organoleptic, structural-mechanical and physical-chemical indicators; structure, consistency and appearance of the whipped product; storage periods are extended.
The area of practical use of the research results: food enterprises specializing in the production of whipped products (fermented milk desserts, pastel-marmalade products, sambucs).
Innovative technological product: technology for the production of cottage cheese dessert and marshmallow white-pink (on agar) and (on pectin) using the food additive "Magnetofood".
Scope of application of the innovative technological product: food industry, restaurant enterprises
FEATURES AND PROSPECTS OF THE ECONOMIC RENT FROM WORKFORCE AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN UKRAINE
Get PDFObject of research: the article presents the results of studying the economic rent from workforce and social conditions (significant components of the important rent-forming resource of nowadays global economy – social capital) in Ukraine.
Solved problem: determining the features of economic rent, outlining the conditions and prospects for increasing the rental income of the Ukrainian economy from the capitalization of workforce’ intellectual and creative qualities, as well as socium rent-generating conjunctures.
Main scientific results: the role of the economic rent in the system of rental relations of the modern global economy and its national components is examined; the features of the formation and distribution of economic rent’ various types in the process of using the workforce’ intellectual and creative potential, as well as other components of the nowadays most significant type of rent-forming resources – social capital – are studied. The specificity of human component and social capital in general as a rent-generating resource is manifested in the generation of additional prerequisites (resource, organizational and economic) and incentives to increase volumes and expand potential areas for extracting rent income in the process of its use, since the using of the employee’ knowledge and abilities leads to a consistent accumulation of professional experience, and consequently – to a permanent increase in the aggregate of these rent-generating properties and in activities for improving the environment of their implementation in Ukraine.
Scope of practical use of research results: the research results can be used in developing strategies and programs of Ukrainian economy’ innovative diversification in the process of its further competitive integration into the global economic space, that, among other things, requires the creation of conditions for improving the rent-generating properties of workforce and social environment, as well as increasing the level of its capitalization
MODIFIED HEXANIT CUTTERS FOR KNURLING OF CYLINDRICAL SHAFT SECTIONS
Get PDFThe possibility of using conventional cutters, in which the super-hard materials Hexanit R acts as the material for the diamond knurling of shaft sections made of steel 10, has been investigated. It is recommended to use damaged replaceable tips with super-hard material as tool blanks, which requires either re-grinding or recycling. The possibility of restoring the working properties of such cutters by regrinding is established, provided that the core of the tool is precisely located relative to the axis of rotation of the workpiece. The design of tooling in the form of a mandrel for fixing the tool on a lathe is proposed. It allows flexible clamping of the tool to the workpiece. Design and operational processing parameters are recommended for diamond knurling using tips made of superhard Hexanit-R material: knurler radius –5 mm; clamping forces – 200 N; feed – 0.05 mm/rev; workpiece rotation frequency – 630 rpm. According to the knurling results, the roughness was Ra 0.8 μm when lubricated with I-20A mineral industrial oil. An increase in the number of passes greater than four did not lead to a significant improvement in surface roughness. No signs of wear, damage to the working surface of the tool after an operating time of 40 hours were found
ANALYSIS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF COLLECTIVE AND SOCIAL LEARNING OF CADETS OF NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE
Get PDFThe article analyzes the general features of the implementation of collective and social learning of cadets of the National Guard of Ukraine, which allowed to determine the main aspects of achieving effective indicators of learning of military personnel. A study of the main forms of social learning is done that can be used to train cadets of the National Guard of Ukraine. This allows to identify the main types of activities to improve the social learning of cadets. The main types of cadets' activities are examined in the context of the main types of social learning activities. The features of the use of educational computer simulations for the learning of cadets of the National Guard of Ukraine are analyzed. The psychological conditions of storytelling for collective and social learning of cadets of the National Guard of Ukraine are studied, the accounting of which provides effective learning for the units of the National Guard of Ukraine. The main types of stories that can be used and successfully implemented in the framework of storytelling for collective and social learning of cadets of the National Guard of Ukraine are considered. Attention is focused on the need to use stories that establish a connection with the personal experience of the listener or contribute to the creation of clear visual images. These stories and vivid stories are more effective carriers of knowledge than the data given simply in the form of a list