EUREKA: Health Sciences
Not a member yet
407 research outputs found
Sort by
EXPERIMENTAL RATIONALE OF THE USE OF CELL THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA OPTICAL NEUROPATHY
Get PDFDevelopment of new effective treatments for glaucomatous optic neuropathy is one of the most acute aspects of modern ophthalmology.
The aim of the work is to investigate the effectiveness of cell therapy with postnatal multipotent neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) using different cell delivery methods in a model of adrenaline-induced glaucoma.
Materials and methods. Glaucoma was induced in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injections of 10 μg to 15 μg/100 g body weight of 0.18 % adrenaline hydrotartrate. NCSCs were delivered intravenously (5 million cells), retrobulbarly (0.5 million cells) or parabulbarly (0.5 million cells). Histomorphometric analysis of the retina was performed on stained haematoxylin-eosin sections with a thickness of 5 μm one month after the delivery of NCSCs.
Results. NCSCs transplantation by all modes of delivery caused positive morphological changes to varying degrees. Intravenous administration induced a decrease in edema in all retinal layers and a slight restoration of the cytoarchitectonics of the retinal layers. The parabulbar administration of NCSCs led to a decrease in edema and the restoration of the cytoarchitectonics of the layers, most pronouncedly the ganglion cell layer and the inner retinal layer. After the retrobulbar administration of NCSCs, the reduction in edema and restoration of the cytoarchitectonics of the layers were the most pronounced.
Conclusions. According to the results of the study, the positive effect of NCSCs transplantation in an experimental model of glaucoma was the most pronounced following the retrobulbar injection of cells. Further investigations of the mechanisms of the effect of transplanted NCSCs on retinal structure restoration are needed
PREDICTORS OF WEIGHT LOSS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE AND REDUSED LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION
Get PDFChronic heart failure (CHF) is a heterogeneous syndrome with a poor prognosis.
Aim of the work – to define predictors of body weight (BW) loss in patients with CHF and a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).
Materials and methods. 120 patients with stable CHF and LVEF ≤35 %, II-IV NYHA class were examined. Patients were divided into two groups according to the value of BW loss for 6 months: the first group - loss of BW <6 %, the second - ≥ 6 %.
Results. Out of the 120 patients who were studied, a BW loss of ≥ 6 % occurred in 59 (49.2 %) patients. According to the results of binary logistic regression, predictors of BW loss of ≥6 % in patients with CHF and LVEF ≤ 35 % were: age, coronary heart disease, anaemia, and the number of hospitalizations over the last year. People with poorer quality of life, bigger number of points on the Beck depression scale and DEFS, with lower levels of physical activity and worse endothelium-dependent vasodilator response; higher sizes of the right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary artery systolic pressure, E / E '. Higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), uric acid are associated with a risk of losing BW≥6 %.
Conclusions. Weight loss ≥ 6 % is observed in 49.2 % of patients with CHF and LVEF≤35 %. According to multivariate analysis, independent predictors of BW loss of ≥6 % in patients with CHF and LVEF≤35 % are age, CRP level, III-IV NYHA class, lower cholesterol levels, as well as lower rates of flow-dependent vasodilator response and hip circumference
EFFECT OF COMBINED ORAL FERROTHERAPY WITH L-CARNITINE ON EXERCISE TOLERANCE OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE WITH REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION OF LEFT VENTRICLE WITH CONCOMITANT IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
Get PDFAccording to numerous studies, a high prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) with anaemic syndrome and its association with mortality during chronic heart failure (CHF) have been revealed. Ferrocorrection of anaemia during CHF is important both to improve the clinical condition and to optimize the long-term prognosis of patients. However, the pathogenetic justification is the use of agents that have antihypoxic, antioxidant and membrane-stabilizing effects, except iron preparations, and at the same time exert a regulatory effect on the metabolism of physiologically active compounds and improve the functional condition of patients.
The aim. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the effect of oral ferrotherapy and combined use of ferrotherapy with L-carnitine on exercise tolerance (ET) of patients with CHF with reduced ejection fraction of left ventricle (LVEF) with concomitant iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was determined and compared.
Materials and methods. The study includes 62 patients with CHF with reduced LVEF FC II-III according to NYHA with IDА. Patients with hypertensive and ischemic etiology of HF took part in the study. Among them, 45 (72.6 %) were men and 17 (27.4 %) were women aged 70.0±0.9 years. Two study groups were formed: in addition to the standard therapy, the patients in the 1st group (n=32) were prescribed oral ferrous sulfate in a dose of 320 mg, equivalent to 100 mg of bivalent iron and 60 mg of ascorbic acid 2 tablets per day for 6 months; the patients in the 2nd group (n=30) received the standard therapy of CHF and not only iron, but also L-carnitine.
Results and discussion. The use of two variants of ferrocorrection as an application to the standard treatment of CHF among the total number of studied patients with IDA indicates the sufficient effect both to eliminate the signs of anemia and to eliminate ID. The analysis of the dynamics of the passed test distance with a 6-minute walk in 32 patients with IDA on the background of standard treatment and additional ferrotherapy after 6 months showed an increase of the actual distance by 8.9 % (from 249.4 to 272.3 m, p<0.0001). The analysis of changes in the value of travelled distance among patients with IDA who received combined 6-month ferrotherapy with L-carnitine also revealed a significant positive trend. In addition, the value obtained was significantly higher compared to the results of patients with only additional ferrotherapy, an increase of 19.4 % (from 259.5 to 304.5 m, p<0.0001).
Conclusions. The use of metabolic therapy with oral ferrotherapy is accompanied by a greater increase in ET, which is reflected in a significantly longer test distance with a 6-minute walk and greater frequency of decrease of FC of HF among patients, compared with using only iron sulfate ferrocorrection
DIAGNOSTICS OF SUPERNUMERARY TEETH IN ORTHODONTIC RELAPSE
Get PDFAim: increasing the effectiveness of diagnosis and further orthodontic-surgical treatment of various clinical forms of hyperdontia (supernumerary teeth) and preventing recurrence with the use of cone-ray computer tomography data in orthodontic practice.
Materials and methods. The clinical case of patient (born in 2004) treatment is presented, with severe hyperdontia and retention of teeth that had little effect on the formation of the general configuration of occlusion. The patient's examination and treatment was carried out with the assistance of clinical, anthropometric and radiological data. The clinical method was to examine the patient and formulate a plan for further orthodontic therapy. The radiological method consisted of data analysis of cefalometry by Bjork, Steiner using a computer program and conducting a survey using a cone-ray computer tomography, followed by the use of these data in diagnosis and orthodontic treatment.
Results. Following the clinical and radiological methods of examination and subsequent orthodontic surgery, the corresponding end results were obtained:
1. The localization and topography of supernumerary teeth as the causes of relapse of pathology with the help of data obtained with the help of CBCT.
2. Radiographic picture reflected on the sagital and axial re-formats of tomograms for the diagnosis of supernumerary teeth, is more informative than diagnostics by standard diagnostic protocols.
3. After analysis of the study data, a more meaningful protocol of surgical intervention is prescribed.
4. Implementation of the results of modern diagnostics significantly influenced on the final result of orthodontic treatment.
Conclusions. Thus, in the process of corresponding work installed:
– the availability of computer tomography data is crucial for objective and qualitative diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.
– the general level of diagnostics during the intervention is significantly increased
DETERMINATION OF THE BIOADHESION INDICATORS OF VAGINAL GEL WITH RESVERATROL AND HYALURONIC ACID
Get PDFAim. The purpose of the work is to determine the bioadhesion indices of vaginal gel with resveratrol and hyaluronic acid, as well as the choice of the type and content of mucoadhesives in the composition.
Materials and methods. As research objects samples of gels with different mucoadhesives in the composition were used. Among used mucoadhesives were: sodium alginate (FMC BioPolimer AS, Norway), methyl cellulose (Shin Etsu, Germany), Methocel – methyl cellulose with hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (Dow Pharmaceutical Sciences, USA), OraRez® W-100L16 – vinyl methyl ether and maleic anhydride copolymer (BOAI, China). As a comparison drug, vaginal gel "Gynodec" (Yuriya-Pharm) was used. During the study, the rate of gel distribution, the degree of deformation under the influence of mechanical forces, the degree of the gel fixation on the surface of the mucosa and the adhesion ability of the samples have been determined.
Results. The study has determined that sample No. 2 with sodium alginate has the highest distribution rate, which was 1.56 cm/min. The study of the fixation of samples on the surface of the model of the mucous was performed by the method of flow. The results have showed that the sample with sodium alginate has the closest value to the reference drug. The adhesive ability of samples with different sodium alginate contents was determined. The tensimetric study has found that at a concentration of 0.5 %, the force required to separate the surface is 6158 Pa.
Conclusions. On the basis of the complex of physico-chemical studies, bioadhesion indicators of vaginal gel with resveratrol, depending on the type and concentration of mucoadhesives have been determined. According to the distribution parameters on the surface of the genital mucosa model, it has been found that the best properties compared with other types of mucoadhesives has a sample containing sodium alginate. The study by means of a strain gauge has found that the addition of sodium alginate at a concentration of 0.5 % would provide a satisfactory adhesive ability of the vaginal gel
BLOOD ZINC LEVEL IN CHILDREN WITH COMBINED GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE AND CHRONIC GASTRODUODENAL PATHOLOGY
Get PDFPathology of the upper digestive tract is the most common among gastroenterological diseases in children of different ages and is 48-50 %. Recently, there has been an increase in combined lesions of the esophagus and organs of the gastroduodenal zone. Currently, microelements are considered to play a role in the etiopathogenesis of the diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
The aim of the work was to study zinc level in the blood of children with combined gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and chronic gastroduodenal pathology.
Materials and methods. 110 children with combined GERD and lesions of the gastroduodenal zone at the age of 10–18 years were under observation. In order to verify the diagnosis, esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed. The level of zinc in the blood of children was studied using photometric method.
Results. 52.5 % of children with concomitant GERD and chronic gastroduodenal pathologies had a reduced zinc level in the blood. According to the results of the study, the risk factors of zinc deficiency in children with combined pathology of the upper digestive tract include male sex, age older than 14 years, the duration of the disease longer than 3 years. The level of zinc in the blood of children was significantly reduced in destructive lesions of the esophagus, as well as with more pronounced inflammation of the gastric mucosa, in duodenitis and erosions in the duodenal bulb.
Conclusions. Thus, the results of the study showed the importance of studying the level of zinc in the blood of patients with combined GERD and chronic gastroduodenal pathology to achieve positive changes by its correction. Zinc deficiency more often develops in boys over 14 year old, who has inflammatory changes of digestive tract
SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL APPROACHES TO FORM THE LIST OF SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR PHARMACY SPECIALIST
Get PDFNowadays according to employers, pharmacy specialist should be not only competent professional, but versed in the consumer psychology and result oriented, at the same time, i.e. concentrated on the pharmacy competitiveness increase and on maximal income and customer satisfaction.
The aim of the presented work was to investigate the social-psychological characteristics for pharmacy specialist essential in his or her professional activity, and to substantiate the list of these characteristics.
Materials and methods. Analytical, graphical and comparative methods, methods of descriptive and abstract modeling, system analysis and synthesis, taxonomy and cluster analysis were applied in the study.
Results. Social-psychological characteristics for pharmacy specialist methodologically should be selected and substantiated by the main stakeholders: employers, pharmacists, doctors, customers and graduation course students. The research algorithm to define the professionally important social-psychological characteristics for pharmacy specialist was suggested. The professionally important social-psychological characteristics regarding the requirements of employers from different countries to pharmacy specialists include sociability, responsibility, attentiveness, orderliness, and command-orientation. The main social-psychological characteristics for pharmacy specialists based on content analysis are attentiveness, sociability, indulgence, goodwill, responsibility, neatness, sensitivity, patience. Comparison of four research results for pharmacists, doctors, customers and graduation course students form specialty "Pharmacy" allowed to select and to substantiate the social-psychological characteristics for pharmacy specialist essential in his or her professional activity. They are goodwill, stress-stability, honesty, command-orientation, neatness, affability, decency, purposefulness, desire for learn and develop, grammatically correct language, non-conflictedness.
Conclusion. The approaches to define the professionally important social-psychological characteristics for pharmacy specialist were analyzed. The research of the professionally important social-psychological characteristics for pharmacy specialist was conducted with the main stakeholders: employer, pharmacist, doctor, and customer. The list of the professionally important social-psychological characteristics for pharmacy specialist was formed on the base of conducted research
EVALUATION OF THE SYSTEMIC AND REGIONAL ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY EFFECTIVENESS AS PART OF COMPLEX THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY SPREAD BREAST CANCER
Get PDFIn recent years, breast cancer is the most common oncologic pathology and the most common cause of disability among women in developed countries.
The aim of the study. To improve direct and long-term results of treatment in patients with locally spread forms of breast cancer (LSBC) by accelerated regression of perifocal inflammatory changes using selective intraarterial application of antibiotics; improving patients’ quality of life.
Materials and methods. The main sample consisted of 109 patients.The control group included 65 (61 %) clinical cases of LSBC who were performed series of courses of intravenous systemic polychemotherapy (SPHT) as neoadjuvant therapy accompanied by systemic intravenous antibiotic therapy. The study group consisted of 42 (39 %) patients who were performed selective intraarterial neoadjuvant polychemotherapy course with simultaneous regional use of antibiotic therapy in the intraarterial administration.
Results. The regional administration of antibiotics as a part of the complex neoadjuvant therapy, along with the method of selective intraarterial polychemotherapy, has a positive effect on the linear and chronometric regression of perifocal inflammatory changes around the focus of the primary inoperable LSBC, which positively affects the somatic and psychological patient's state and increases the quality of his life.
Conclusions. The complex regional impact on the affected organ has a statistically confirmed better effect with bright holistic features, demonstrating the additive synergism of selective techniques.The selective intraarterial antibiotic therapy does not require additional time and material costs while increasing the efficiency of the method. The versatile advanced approach positively affects the somatic and psychological state of the patient. 
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING WITH DIFFUSE WEIGHTED IMAGING AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY WITH INTRAVENOUS CONTRAST IN STAGING OF DISSEMINATED OVARIAN, STOMACH, COLORECTAL CANCER
Get PDFThe aim of the research. Development and implementation of new methods for pre-operative staging of advanced ovarian, gastric and colorectal cancer to improve patient selection for cytoreductive surgery and increase its radicality.
Materials and methods. Data from 120 patients with advanced ovarian cancer, 28 with advanced gastric cancer and 119 with advanced colorectal cancer were analyzed. Preoperative detection of the incidence of peritoneal carcinoma and the possibility of surgery in radical or cytoreductive volume performed by CT with intravenous contrast (72 patients with ovarian cancer, 17 patients with gastric cancer, and 69 patients with colorectal cancer), and MR T1 and T2, contrast-enhanced T1, and diffuse-weighted sequences (48 patients with ovarian cancer, 11 patients with gastric cancer, and 50 patients with colorectal cancer). Subsequently, preoperative and intraoperative assessment of the prevalence of the tumour process with peritoneal carcinoma index (PCI) by Sugarbaker was performed.
Results. A statistically significant increase in the informativeness of the preoperative assessment of the incidence of tumour process in peritoneum and the presence of distant metastases using DWI / MRI compared with CT with intravenous contrast was determined. Patients from all groups were categorized according to the completeness index of cytoreduction achieved by preoperative staging and patient selection using DWI / MRI and CT. The use of DWI / MRI allowed to significantly reduce the number of suboptimal and non-optimal cytoreductive interventions.
Conclusions. DWI / MRI has made it possible to significantly improve the preoperative incidence of advanced ovarian, gastric, and colorectal cancer compared to CT, predict the radicality of future surgery, and detect inoperable cases
PROSPECTIVE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVE COMPOUNDS AMONG 7-SUBSTITUTED OF 3-BENZYL-8-PROPYLXANTHINES FOR TREATMENT OF METABOLIC SYNDROME PATHOLOGIES
Get PDFAim – the search for biologically active compounds with diuretic and hypoglycemic action among 7-substituted of 3-benzyl-8-propylxanthines, which can be used for the treatment of pathologies of “metabolic syndrome”.
Materials and methods. 30 new chemical compounds among derivatives of 7-substituted of 3-benzyl-8-propylxanthines by PASS prediction filter were chosen for diuretic and hypoglycemic activity researches. Diuretic, hypoglycemic activity and for the most active compounds – the acute toxicity were studied in vivo. The molecular docking, which is based on EADock DSS mechanism of the modulation displayed the interaction between some of functional groups inside discovered xanthine ligands and known receptors and enzymes presented in Ligand-protein Database of Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics.
Results. It has been shown that synthesized compounds displayed strong diuretic and medium hypoglycemic activities. The molecular docking modulation (SwissDock) of interaction of xanthine derivatives hits with proposed receptors and enzymes revealed prospective of using 7-substituted of 3-benzyl-8-propylxanthines as potential drugs for treatment of metabolic syndrome pathologies.
Conclusion. The diuretic activity of the new 23 compounds of 7-substituted of 3-benzyl-8-propylxanthines and hypoglycemic activity of the new 7 derivatives of 7-substituted of 3-benzyl-8-propylxanthines was studied. Results of performed investigation illustrate that 7-substituted of 3-benzyl-8-propylxanthines demonstrate biological activity comparable to standard drugs. We also proposed probable molecular targets for the most active compounds by molecular docking method. It was shown that derivatives of 7-substituted of 3-benzyl-8-propylxanthines can be used for metabolic syndrome disorders prevention