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Hardened properties of 3D printable mortars with full replacement of natural sand by recycled sand
No full textInternational audienceUsing recycled aggregates in concrete and mortar reduces environmental impact by minimizingboth natural aggregate consumption and construction waste disposal. 3D printing offers innovative, costefficient construction methods, but it heavily relies on cement and sand. This research aims to investigate the hard properties of 3D printing mortars made with 100% substitution of natural sand by recycled sand. The effects of sand substitution and 3D printingprocess on the hard properties of printable mortars are studied. The mechanical strength of moulded and printed specimens of printable mortars based on recycled sand were studied and compared with those made from a reference printable mortar based on natural sand. Additionally, the microstructure of mortars, namely the density of the interfacial transition zonein these specimens was analysed to understand the mechanical strength results. The results showed that both the incorporation of recycled sand and the 3D printing process had little effect on the mechanical strength. This could be attributed to the decrease in the density of the interfacial transition zone caused by both the incorporation of recycled sand and the mortarprinting process. Furthermore, the study investigated also the effect of incorporating recycled sand on autogenous, drying, and total shrinkage. It was observed that this incorporation reduces the autogenous shrinkage at an early age, while it increases both dry and total shrinkage
Aid as a Migration Policy Tool
No full textDocuments de travail du Centre d’Économie de la Sorbonne 2025.15 - ISSN : 1955-611XForeign aid is often promoted as a way to curb emigration by improving welfare in countries of origin. However, the effectiveness of such a policy remains debated. To contribute to this debate, we develop a random utility maximisation model yielding a gravity equation, which we estimate using OECD migration and aid data for 2011-2019. We exploit the differences between bilateral aid and multilateral aid, for which donors are masked, to isolate the donor-specific and non-donor-specific effects of aid on migration. We show that aid increases rather than reduces migration. The donor-specific channel plays a dominant role in explaining this positive effect, which is primarily conveyed through an information channel
Part Feeding and Internal Transportation Decision Making for a Machinery Manufacturer
No full textInternational audienceBecause of a constant increase in the variety and number of parts required for assembly, part provision to the border of line requires careful orchestration. Therefore, every part must be assigned to the most suitable feeding policy, determining logistical in-house processes, presorting degree, and load carrier sizing. This assignment allows effective space management at the border of line while avoiding unnecessary intralogistics activities. Furthermore, timely part delivery necessitates decisions on vehicle type selection and delivery frequencies. In this research, we adapt an existing optimization model to the specific case of a machinery manufacturing company, validating the model for practical usage. The model aims to achieve cost minimization through optimal part feeding policy and vehicle type selection decisions, considering various constraints related to space availability at the border of line and the capacity of transportation vehicles. Our results reveal that the optimal assignment reduces costs by 56% compared with the company’s current assignment. Although the optimal assignment requires additional capacity investments for the company, we also test various restrictive solutions by adding practically relevant constraints. The latter still results in minimum cost savings of 23%, compared with the current assignment. Besides the cost benefits, the number of different line feeding policies is reduced. This streamlines the process, making it more conducive to automation
The Future of Work: A Research Agenda
No full textInternational audienceIn this editorial, we discuss and define the “future of work” as a phenomenon and research area, and outline avenues for further research at the conceptual and empirical level. We first offer a brief review of the different streams of research that study the future of work, both in management and organization studies and in adjacent fields. We then elaborate on what we see as the most promising avenues for research on the future of work, organized around five questions of what, when, who, how, and why. That is, research on the future of work needs to clarify its assumptions about (1) the phenomena it considers within scope; (2) the temporality associated with these phenomena; (3) which future of work actors it is about and whom it is for; (4) the methods and data types used to be able to study the future empirically; and (5) desired impact and envisioned outcomes. We discuss how moving beyond techno-determinism, depoliticization, and a present-day focus could open up new and important avenues for further research on the near and distant future of work. We conclude with some specific examples of research questions and methods
Disagreeing with Employees’ Constructive Disagreement: On Giving (Non-)Specific Explanations for Rejecting Employees’ Voiced Suggestions
No full textInternational audienceWhen employees express constructive disagreement with their manager (i.e., employee voice), employees express an opportunity for improvement, but not all ideas from employees can be implemented as managers often need to reject employees’ suggestions. Simultaneously, managers need to handle this disagreement in a way that ensures employees continue to speak up even after their previous ideas were turned down, i.e., show voice resilience. We seek to contribute to this important but neglected area of research. We propose that when managers offer specific explanations for why employee voice is not endorsed, employees will perceive higher voice safety, which encourages voice resilience. In line with our predictions, the results from two experimental studies where we manipulated managers’ specific versus non-specific explanations after non-endorsements of a voiced suggestion provides converging evidence that managers’ high explanation specificity when rejecting voice indirectly fosters employees’ voice resilience via voice safety.Our study contributes to an emerging understanding of how managers may effectively respond to employees who voice their dissent when managers must disagree with the content of this dissent. With specific explanations for their rejection, they may protect voice safety perceptions and future voice behavior
Ethical Conflict and Team Innovation: A Categorization– Elaboration Model Approach
No full textInternational audienceConflict is an inherent aspect of group decision-making and interpersonal negotiations, but how ethical conflict (e.g., disagreement over moral values and ethical principles) shapes group dynamics remains an uncharted area. Drawing on the Categorization–Elaboration Model (CEM), we intend to examine whether and when team ethical conflict influences team innovation in the present study. Specifically, we predict that information elaboration serves as a mediator, as high levels of ethical conflict generate biased judgments among teammates and hinder the exchange of task-relevant information. Also, we predict that process conflict (e.g., disagreement over role allocation and task distribution) serves as the moderator, as low levels of process conflict ensure clear role distribution, efficient task allocation, and consensus on workflows, which can mitigate the negative effect of ethical conflict. We test our hypotheses and find empirical support using a sample of 289 individual responses nested within 90 research and development (R&D) teams. This research advances our understanding of the emerging and important construct of ethical conflict, extends the CEM by emphasizing the pivotal role of information elaboration in group decision-making, and offers new insights into the ongoing debate on conflict, innovation, and the interaction of different conflict types
Life event-based marketing using AI
No full textInternational audienceThis paper investigates how firms can leverage innovative data sources and Artificial Intelligence (AI) for life event prediction to better manage the relationship with their customers. In this study, we leverage deep learning to explore the added value of incorporating textual customer-generated data in life event prediction models. Furthermore, we propose a new framework to calculate the profit of life event based-marketing campaigns. We empirically validate our research questions on a real-world dataset including 94,161 email messages of 21,898 customers in the financial services industry. First, we show that life events have a significant impact on both product possession and customer value. Second, we demonstrate that textual data significantly boosts the predictive performance of life event prediction models. Third, our framework to calculate profit for life event-based marketing campaigns shows that running such campaigns can lead to a substantial return on investment but requires a performant life event prediction model
Les vendeurs B2B et la santé mentale : ce que les entreprises doivent savoir et faire
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Mental health among B2B salespeople: A morphological analysis
No full textInternational audienceThe intensely competitive landscape of B2B selling makes it highly susceptible to mental health issues (MHI) among the salespersons. MHI has a cascading impact on salespersons’ well-being, and ultimately on organizations’ performance and hence needs to be addressed as a priority. Despite a large body of knowledge on MHI in B2B sales, there is a lack of an integrated framework that could structure this knowledge for academic and managerial pursuits. This review addresses this gap by using morphological analysis (MA) to develop a framework that provides a systematic, modular, tabular-visual representation of MHI literature in B2B sales. Drawing on this framework, we develop a conceptual model that delineates key variables and allows their logical mapping and combination. Collectively, the MA framework and the model serve as a useful toolkit for academics and practitioners. They help to cultivate a clearer understanding of the state-of-the-art on MHI in terms of causal factors, manifestations, boundary conditions, coping resources, mitigation strategies, and theoretical orientation. They also facilitate the development of novel, interesting, and complex research questions for further empirical testing. Addressing these questions will contribute to theory building in support of creating and/or refining managerial strategies and organizational policies to address MHI among B2B salespersons more effectively
Testing the convexity hypothesis in nonparametric cost functions
No full textInternational audienceWe developed statistical tests in nonparametric models of production. The tests are applied to a panel of USelectric power generation plants and strong evidence against convexity is found for most years in the resultingcost functions. Our results suggest that empirical researchers need to be more cautious about the often implicitembedding of the convexity assumption for the cost functions