HAL Université de Tours
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Development of a urinary antigen test for BK Polyomavirus to help clinicians in patients’ follow-up
No full textInternational audienceBK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is responsible for hemorrhagic cystitis and nephropathy in bone marrow- and kidney transplant recipients, respectively. Monitoring BKPyV DNAuria and/or DNAemia by quantitative molecular tests is thus a common practice in the management of these patients. However, critical issues have been raised regarding these methods and the detection of viral genomes by positive PCR is not always associated with true viral replication. Identification of novel biomarkers and development of new assays are thus needed to help clinicians in patients' follow-up and enable timely and beneficial therapeutic interventions. Here, we describe the development of a urinary lateral flow assay that specifically detects the major BKPyV VP1 protein in a few minutes. This assay was characterized using cell culture-produced virus, pseudoviruses as well as VP1 pentamers representing the four BKPyV genotypes, diluted in urine matrix. The limit of detection was around 1 µg/mL of purified VP1 pentamers. This assay also enabled to detect BKPyV VP1 in frozen urine from transplant patients with high DNAuria. Clinical validation studies are now needed to evaluate the performance of this assay in real life and its relevance for interventions
Entre préoccupations pro-environnementales et achat de produits de luxe, les jeunes hésitent-ils?
No full textInternational audienceL’objectif de cette recherche est de mieux comprendre l’impact de l’ambivalence des jeunes à l’égard des produits de luxe sur l’attitude et les intentions d’achat de produits de luxe, qu’ils soient neufs ou d’occasion. L’effet des préoccupations pro environnementales sur les différentes variables du modèle est également testé. Une étude quantitative a été menée et montre que l’ambivalence n’a pas d’effet direct sur les intentions comportementales, mais un effet indirect via l’attitude à l’égard des produits de luxe. Les attitudes pro-environnementales n’ont pas d’impact sur l’ambivalence, l’attitude ou les intentions comportementales d’achat de produits de lux
Tableaux de bord interactifs pour l'analyse de l'attrition à partir des motifs affectant la survie
No full textNational audienceLa rétention des employés est un enjeu majeur pour les entreprises. Nos travaux nous ont permis de développer une méthode permettant d'identifier et d'extraire parmi les motifs fréquents issus de la trajectoire des employés ceux qui amélioraient leur rétention. Cet article présente la valorisation de ces motifs à travers un outil interactif permettant de les exploiter et de les visualiser. Ces derniers sont présentés sous la forme de tableaux de bord interactifs dans l'objectif d'être exploitables par les responsables RH de l'entreprise. Ils offrent une visualisation globale de l'attrition, une identification des employés à risque de démissionner et une simulation de l'impact d'une intervention
Long‐term bowel function following delayed coloanal anastomosis: Analysis of a multicentric cohort study (GRECCAR)
No full textInternational audienceAim Alteration of bowel function after delayed coloanal anastomosis (DCAA) might be a limitation to its utilization. Our aim was to assess the long‐term bowel function of DCAA in a large multicentric cohort. Method All patients who underwent DCAA interventions at 29 GRECCAR‐affiliated hospitals between 2010 and 2021 were retrospectively included. Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score or confection of a stoma due to poor bowel function was assessed in eligible patients. Good bowel function was defined by the preservation of bowel continuity with no LARS or a minor LARS. Results Among the 385 eligible patients to assess long‐term bowel continuity, 63% ( n = 243) responded to the questionnaire or had a definitive stoma because of poor bowel function. After a median follow‐up of 32 months, good bowel function was reported by 60% ( n = 146) of patients (with no LARS 36% and minor LARS 24%), whereas 40% of patients ( n = 146) had a poor bowel function including major LARS (36%) and definitive stoma due to poor bowel function (4%). No variables tested were predictive of a poor bowel function after DCAA, including a history of pelvic radiotherapy ( P = 0.722), salvage DCAA after failure of a previous anastomosis ( P = 0.755), presence of a diverting stoma ( P = 0.556), occurrence of an anastomotic leakage ( P = 0.416) and time interval from the DCAA to the bowel function assessment ( P = 0.350). Conclusions No LARS or minor LARS was reached for 60% of patients after DCAA. Less than 5% of patients received a definitive stoma due to a poor bowel function
Quelques aspects de la fatigue des élastomères
No full textNational audienceLes élastomères peuvent être sujets à de grands nombre cycles de sollicitation mécanique conduisant à un amoindrissement de leurs propriétés qui peut compromettre leur performance, on parle alors de dégradation en fatigue. Le présent chapitre propose de s’intéresser à la caractérisation du comportement en fatigue par approches en initiation au travers de la présentation d’un cas pratique mené sur le polychloroprène (CR) pour lesquels différents critères de fatigue (expérimentalement ou numériquement déterminés) et/ou représentations classiques sont explicités et utilisés
Penicillin allergy management strategies relevant for clinical practice - a narrative review
No full textInternational audiencePenicillin allergy is the most commonly reported drug allergy, with prevalence rates ranging from 6% to 31% across various populations and geographic areas. The penicillin allergy label is linked to higher mortality and morbidity rates, extended hospital stays, increased readmission rates, and a greater reliance on second-line antibiotics. Research indicates that nearly 99% of those labeled as penicillin-allergic can tolerate the drug. However, alternative antibiotics are often prescribed without confirming the allergy, largely due to legal concerns regarding re-exposure. Even when a negative challenge test is conducted, non-allergist providers may remain hesitant to reintroduce penicillin. To address the considerable gap between reported and actual penicillin allergies, as well as to ensure the prompt use of penicillins by non-allergists, various management strategies have emerged in recent years. Although several comprehensive reviews have examined these strategies, selecting and applying the most suitable for routine practice is difficult. This narrative review focuses on the most relevant data regarding the efficiency of key penicillin allergy risk assessment tools, particularly those of clinical significance, and discusses their readiness for implementation in non-allergist settings
Characterization and reuse of SiC flakes generated during electrochemical etching of 4H-SiC wafers
No full textInternational audienceSilicon carbide porous flakes are produced during the electrochemical etching (ECE) of n-doped 4H-SiC wafers. The differences in porosity between the Si-face and C-face allow for the adsorption of various dyes
