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Дослідження поширеності захворювань твердих тканин зубів у студентів
Get PDFIn the work are presented the results of the complex dental examination of 209 students of a higher educational institution of Kyiv city. It was elucidated, that young people need primary, secondary and tertiary prophylaxis of dental diseases. At the study patients were divided by sex differences, bite type, clinical course form (generalized, localized), injury depth (first, second, third degree), depending on the rubed area (horizontal, vertical, mixed) of teeth.Methods: The dental examination of students, studied in a higher educational institutions of Kyiv city. Among them women were– 114 (54,5%) persons, men – 95 (45,5%) persons.Results: The predominant part included students with the orthognathic bite – 159 persons, with direct – 29, and with deep – 21 persons. 1 – degree of teeth rub prevails - 110 persons, 2 degree - 68 persons. The generalized form was diagnosed in 120 persons, localized in 89 persons, compensated in 34 persons, subcompensated 52 persons, decompensated in 23 persons.Conclusions: The causes of the pathological rub of teeth hard tissues are the functional inferiority of teeth hard tissues, intake of acid-containing products and medicaments, use of abrasive teeth pasts and hard teeth brushes or their irrational use, horizontal movements at teeth brushing, pathological bite, teeth vestibuloposition, teeth necks baring, supra-contactsВ роботі представлені дані епідеміологічного дослідження по вивченню поширеності підвищеної стертості твердих тканин зубів серед молодих людей. Проведено поглиблене стоматологічне обстеження студентів з 1 по 5 курс Національного медичного університету імені О.О. Богомольця. Визначено частоту зустрічаємості підвищеної стертості твердих тканин зубів у відсотках. Вивчення розповсюдження підвищеної стертості зубів серед студенті
Порівняльне дослідження вмісту білків, азот-вмісних компонентів і ліпідів в плазмі крові та асцитичній рідині у хворих на цироз печінки
Get PDFThe aim of the work is the determination of proteins concentration in blood plasma and ascetic fluid and also toxic and atherogenic properties of ascitic fluid in patients with different stages of liver cirrhosis for the further choice of the individual treating tactics.Research methods: 262 patients with liver cirrhosis, according to the diagnostic examination, who demonstrated the different severity of the pathological process in the liver parenchyma, were divided in 4 groups. In blood plasma and ascitic fluid of patients with liver cirrhosis were determined the concentration of protein, general content of bilirubin, concentration of final nitrogen, creatinine, urea, cholesterol and lecithin. Results: the obtained results demonstrate the disorder of the protein homeostasis and increase of the content of atherogenic lipoproteins, as a result of which hepatocyte membrane structures in patients with liver cirrhosis are destructed. The content of studied components in ascitic fluid was identical (and sometimes even more) to the one in blood plasma – it allows to consider ascitic fluid as a plasma-replacing component in patients with liver cirrhosis, especially at the hepatic failure progression.The degree of the disorder of the functional activity of the liver parenchyma was studied. The author of the article concludes that at choosing the surgical tactics in patients with liver cirrhosis, complicated with acsites, the degree of homeostasis disorders expressiveness must be taken into accountМетою дослідження було визначення вмісту білків, токсичних властивостей та концентрації ліпід-вмісних сполук в асцитичній рідини у хворих з цирозом печінки в різні стадії захворювання. Отримані дані свідчать про порушення білкового гомеостазу, підвищення в крові вмісту атерогенних ліпопротеїдів та обумовлені цими змінами порушення структури мембран гепатоцитів у хворих з цирозом печінки на всіх стадія
Аналіз ефективності алергоімунотерапії у пацієнтів з алергією до пилку весняних дерев
Get PDFAim. The study of features of sensibilization to spring trees in patients of Lviv region and analysis of the effectiveness of allergoimmunotherapy by the extract of spring trees (Diater Laboratorios, Іспанія).Materials and methods of research. There were examined 286 patients with clinical symptoms of pollen allergy. Skin prick-tests (SPT) were realized by the extraction “Trees mixture” by Diater Laboratorios, Spain. The level of specific IgE to the components of allergens was determined ImmunoCAP method («Phadia AB», Sweden). Allergoimmune therapy (SLIT) was carried out by the vaccine - "Spring Trees" mixture (Alnus glutinosa = 25,00%; Corylus avellana = 25,00%; Betula verrucosa = 25,00%; Fraxinus excelsior = 25,00%).Results of research. 98,3% of patients had positive SPT to the extract “Herbs mixture”. Among them: 68,1% -sensibilized only by allergens of pollen of Fagale trees; 2,8% - only by Oleaceae family allergens; 23,9% - polyvalent sensibilization by spring trees. ImmunoCAP research – true sensibilization by allergen of Betulacea pollen was 77%. After the first step of SLIT the improvement of the state was in 83,1%; after the second step – in 94,1% of patients.Conclusion: The sensibilization profile of patients from Lvyv region included allergens of Betulacea and Oleaceae trees pollen. The revealed high level of sensibilization by ash allergens allows to recommend SPT for ash for the routine practice. SLIT by the combined vaccine “Spring trees” (Diater, Spain) demonstrated safety and high effectivenessМетою дослідження було вивчення особливостей сенсибілізації до весняних дерев у пацієнтів Львівської області та аналіз ефективності алергоімунотерапії екстрактом весняних дерев. Згідно з результатами досліджень сенсибілізаційний профіль пацієнтів Львівського регіону складався з алергенів пилку дерев родин Betulacea і Oleaceae. SLIT комбінованою вакциною «Весняні дерева» (Діатер, Іспанія) продемонструвала безпеку та високу ефективніст
Оцінка психоемоційного стану батьків немовлят з важкою черепно-мозковою травмою як основа системи медико-психологічної підтримки у дитячій нейрохірургії
Get PDFAim: The complex study of features of emotional disorders in parents of children of the first year of life with a heavy craniocerebral trauma. Materials and methods. 137 families (mother and father) of children of the first year of life with craniocerebral trauma, examined and treated in a child’s neurosurgical department. The mean age of parents was 27,0±3,0 years.Methods of examination: anamnestic, psychodiagnostic with questionnaires of neuropsychic tension (T.A. Nemchyn, 1984), clinical scales of anxiety and depression (M. Hamіlton, 1967),adapted to ICD-10 (G. P. Panteleev, 1988), scale of situational and personal anxiety by D. Spilberg (adapted by Y.L. Hanin, 1981).Results of research. A child’s disease is a psychotraumatic situation for all parents and leads to the development of anxious-depressive reactions and statuses. The anxious-depressive, astheno-depressive, depressive-adaptive and dysphoric variants of emotional disorders in parents of babies with a heavy craniocerebral trauma were separated and their clinical features were described.The high level of emotional tension, abrupt intensification of negative emotions, effect of sorrow and anxiety, depressive manifestations are typical for parents of babies with a craniocerebral trauma. According to the data of the psychodiagnostic examination in parents were observed a light moderate depressive and anxious episodes by Hamilton scale; high levels of situational and personal anxiety by C.D. Spilberg’s method, high level of expressiveness of nervous-psychic tension by T.A. Nemchyn scale.Conclusions. The high level of emotional tension, abrupt intensification of negative emotions, anxious-depressive manifestations were typical for parents after a baby’s craniocerebral heavy traumaЗ метою вивчення особливостей емоційних розладів у батьків дитини першого року життя з важкою черепно-мозковою травмою проведено комплексне обстеження 137 родини немовлят з важкою черепно-мозковою травмоюХвороба дитини стала психотравмуючою ситуацією для усіх батьків, яка приводила до розвитку тривожно-депресивних станів, структура яких представлена тривожно-депресивним, астено-депресивним, депресивно-апатичним і дисфоричним варіантам
Аналіз особливостей клінічних проявів гастроезофагеальної рефлюксної хвороби у дітей в різних вікових періодах
Get PDFAim. To analyze features of the course of gastroesophageal reflux disease for determining the main clinical symptoms in children of different age groups.Materials and methods. There were examined 126 children of different age with gastroesophageal reflux disease. All children underwent the clinical examination, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (videogastriscope «Fujinon» WG 88 FР) and intragastric endoscopic рН-metry (acidogastrograph AG TC U 33.1-13300318-002:2007,made by “Start” LTD).Results. Children with the endoscopic positive variant of gastroesophageal disease more often demonstrated complaints for nausea (40%) (р<0,02), whereas children with endoscopic negative variant of gastroesophageal reflux disease reliably more often complained for vomiting (31%) (р<0,05). Complaints for nausea (p<0,05) and vomiting (p<0,04) were most typical for preschool children (before 6 years) with reflux-esophagitis. 80% of children with reflux-esophagitis of II stage demonstrated complaints for heartburn in and 40% - for pains behind the breast. At the same time only 13% of their coevals with reflux-esophagitis of I stage complained for heartburn and 3% of them for pains behind the breast. Children with endoscopic negative variant of gastroesophageal reflux disease had practically no complaints for heartburn and pains behind the breast. Children with hypo- and norm-acidity complained for nausea reliably more often (71%), compared with children with hyperacidity (34%) (р<0,01). Heartburn occurred reliably more often in the group of children with hyper-acidity (14% against 6%).Conclusions. Complaints for nausea (p<0,05) and vomiting (p<0,04) are most typical for preschool children with reflux esophagitis. Children with reflux, esophagitis of ІІ st. complain for pains behind the breast (p<0,04) and nausea (p<0,005) reliably more often comparing with children with reflux-esophagitis of I st. Children with gastroesophageal reflux disease with the decreased or normal acidity of gastric contents complain for nausea reliably more often (71%), (р<0,01), and heartburn bothers children with hyperacidity more oftenЗахворюваність на гастроезофагеальну рефлюксну хворобу серед пацієнтів усіх вікових груп неухильно зростає, однак дійсна поширеність вивчена недостатньо. Це пов’язане з труднощами діагностики даної патології серед дітей, зокрема відсутністю типових скарг та великою кількістю позастравохідних симптомів. Це зумовлює необхідність подальшого детального вивчення клінічних проявів гастроезофагеальної рефлюксної хвороби серед діте
Дослідження захворюваності на СНІД в популяції віл-інфікованих осіб та вплив на неї антиретровірусної терапії
Get PDFAim. To estimate AIDS morbidity dynamics in Ivano-Frankivsk region and the degree of its controllability by antiretroviral therapy existing incidence of HIV-infected people.Methods. We calculated the number of detected people living with HIV in Ivano-Frankivsk region = all identified HIV-infected people for the entire period of epidemiological observation – (dead HIV-positive people + people with removed diagnosis + people who left the region). We estimated HIV-infection annual transition in patients to AIDS stage (ATA = the number of new registered AIDS cases × 100 % / detected people who leaves with HIV), the incidence of HIV-people by antiretroviral therapy (IART), and Pearson correlation coefficient.The tendency of cerebral toxoplasmosis morbidity was determined automatically by least squares method using Excel program, and its prognosis was determined by extrapolation into the future.Results. It was found, that the identified 1661 HIV-positive people leaved in the region in 2015, but only 892 of them were under clinical observation (53.7%).ATA decreases from 9.1% in 2013 to 5.1% in 2015, but no reverse correlation between ATA and IART was found. IART was insufficient – 69.8% of people who was under the clinical observation, and 37.2% of all detected HIV-people.According to a growing tendency of cerebral toxoplasmosis morbidity, we expected 10 cases in 2016 and 11 in 2017.Conclusion. The incidence of HIV-people by antiretroviral therapy was insufficient, therefore, it did not have the preventive effect on AIDS and, particularly, on cerebral toxoplasmosis among HIV-peopleВстановлено, що в Івано-Франківській області на кінець 2015 року проживала 1661 особа зі встановленим ВІЛ-позитивним статусом, з них на диспансерному спостереженні перебували 892 пацієнтів (53,7 %), 5,1 % захворіли на СНІД, а 0,54 % – на церебральний токсоплазмоз. Охоплення антиретровірусною терапією становило 61,9 % диспансерних і 37,2 % всіх виявлених людей, які живуть з ВІЛ. В 2017 р. прогнозується поява 11-ти випадків токсоплазмозу мозк
Вплив конкуренції на якість стаціонарного лікування з перспективи поведінки лікаря (верифікація теоретичної моделі на прикладі ситуації в м. Вінниці, Україна)
No full textThe aim of the study was to check theoretical proposition of elaborated by our research team theoretical model [1], i.e. physician’s emphasis to clinical hours instead of nonclinical within the relenting competition may interfere quality.Methods. We collected the data by stratified panel design between departments of the city hospital No. 1, starting in 2008 with randomized inclusion. Thereafter, to sustain statistical significance we got on with total coverage up to January 31, 2012. Thus, we considered 2680 admission cases totally. Length of period between subsequent admissions (LBA) considered as the measure of treatment quality. We proceeded the data with competing risk modelling having in mind 2 types of subsequent admissions, that is the same cause of next admission and the different one.Results. Lengthier hospital staying provided within the competition indeed safeguarded quality (increase in LBA) in case of the same cause admission, Z-test scored 1,957 with р=0,025. The effect was not significant for the next admissions due to different cause with Z scoring 0,128, р2=0,449. Still effect is positive (q=1,014). We think it’s important for validation of deduction, so far as better quality reduces patient’s frailty for both types of admissions.Conclusion. We empirically checked the hypothesis stemming from theoretical model of physician’s behavior on part of possible impairment of quality under market monopoly. The theoretical model unveiled one of the key issue – physician’s emphasis toward clinical hours instead of nonclinical that necessarily interferes the quality. Empirical verification based on instances of patient overloads in the process of health reform in the city of Vinnitsa. Findings supported hypothesis, i.e. physician’s emphasis toward clinical hours instead of nonclinical within relenting competition indeed impinged on quality of treatment indicted by LBA shortening. We clarified the LBA increase with lengthier hospital staying envisaged under competition. Z-test scored 1,957 with р=0,025) in case of the same cause admission, and it was insignificant for next admissions due to different cause with the same direction of the effect.Емпірично перевірені висновки теоретичної моделі поведінки лікаря щодо можливого зниження якості лікування за умови ринкової монополії. Теоретична модель розкрила одну з головних причин цьому – збільшення клінічних годин лікарем за рахунок параклінічних, що неминуче загрожує якості лікування. Емпіричний фрейм базувався на значних перевантаженнях пацієнтами лікарів деяких стаціонарних відділень в процесі реформи охорони здоров’я у м. Вінниц
Аналіз впливу статевих гормонів на біохімічні показники стану серця щурів: зв’язок з рівнем гідроген сульфіду в міокарді
Get PDFThe aim of the work was to study the influence of different saturation of male and female rats’ organism with sex hormones on the parameters of pro-antioxidant system in heart and to assess their connection with the level of hydrogen sulfide in myocardium.Methods of research: The experiments were realized on 60 laboratory rats of both sexes. The experimental modeling of sex hormones level in rats’ organism was carried out by castration of animals under calypso anesthesia. The alternative hormone therapy in castrated male rats was carried out by administration of testosterone propionate, in females – estradiol hemihydrates. In myocardium was determined H2S content, activity of NAPD-oxidase, superoxide dismutase, level of malondialdehyde and carbonyl groups of protein. The level of testosterone and estradiol was assessed in heparin plasma. Results of research: H2S content and superoxidase dismutase activity are reliably less in male myocardium, whereas the activity of NAPD-oxidase, process of lipids and proteins peroxidase is reliably higher than in females. Male castration is attended with reliable increase of H2S content, superoxide dismutase activity and decrease of NAPD activity, lipids and proteins peroxidation processes activity in myocardium, whereas female castration caused the opposite changes. The alternative therapy with sex hormones approximated the indices to the level of control group of animals.Conclusions: high content of estradiol and low level of testosterone in blood plasma is associated with the high content of hydrogen sulfide in myocardium that is attended with the low activity of process of lipids and proteins free radical oxidation. The received data testify to the fact that the system of hydrogen sulfide in myocardium is an important factor of gender dimorphism of heart status in ratsМетою роботи було дослідити вплив різної насиченості організму самців та самок щурів статевими гормонами на стан про-антиоксидантної системи та вміст гідроген сульфіду в міокарді. Виявилось, що кастрація самців супроводжується зростанням в міокарді вмісту H2S та зменшенням активності пероксидації ліпідів та протеїнів, тоді як гонадектомія самок викликала протилежні змін
Морфологічна оцінка лікувальної дії ректального крему комбінованого складу на моделі гострої ускладненої анальної тріщини
Get PDFAim – morphological estimation of the influence of the combined rectal cream on the clinical course of an acute complicated anal fissure.Materials and methods. The study of the treating effect of the combined rectal cream was realized on the model of an acute complicated anal fissure on 24 nonlinear white rats with the weight 200-240g. For assessing the effectiveness of the studied preparation, the morphological experiment of the sphincter apparatus of the rectum was realized at 12 day of the experiment. Results: It was established, that the use of the combined rectal cream in animals with an acute complicated anal fissure had an essential therapeutic effect: at 12 day the ulcerous defect of a mucosa was revealed only in 33,3 % of animals. Defects were essentially less by size than in animals from the control pathology group, their surface was more cleaned from the purulent-necrotic content, the ripening of the newly created tissue that replaces nectorically changed ones in the defect zone is faster. Microcirculation disorders and inflammation of tissues of this zone were essentially less in all animals. Signs of the muscular tone of the internal anal sphincter were essentially less, comparing with the group of the control pathology. The control preparation “Proctozan” was inferior by the intensity of the therapeutic effect to the studied one.Conclusions: The therapeutic effect of the combined rectal cream under conditions of an acute combined anal fissure was manifested as a decrease of inflammation signs, microcirculation disorders, signs of the internal anal sphincter hypertone. Thus, the received experimental data testify to the expedience of further deep researches of its therapeutic actionВ дослідженні наведені результати фармакологічного вивчення ефективності нового ректального крему комбінованого складу на моделі гострої ускладненої анальної тріщини. Дослідження проведено на щурах у порівнянні з препаратом «Проктозан». Спираючись на результати морфологічного дослідження тканин аноректальної зони, продемонстрована висока терапевтична ефективність досліджуваного крему, виявлено перевагу над препаратом порівняння − маззю «Проктозан
Вплив професійного дистресу на стан адаптації лікарів-інтернів в сучасних умовах
Get PDFAim of research – the study of the specificity of the professional distress influence on adaptation of a doctor-intern at the professional training.For attaining the set aim we realized the complex examination of 213 doctors-interns of the Kharkiv national medical university of both sexes, 22 - 25 years old, observing principles of bioethics and medical deontology. Methods of research: clinical-anamnestic, psycodiagnostic, statistical.Results: it was established, that women manifest the higher level of disorders of adaptation to the professional activity comparing with men. Thus, the high level of maladjustment was revealed in 9,2 % of men and 12,5 % of women; the expressed level of maladjustment - 10,3 % of men and, 14,0 % of women; the moderate level -36,2 % and 42,1 % respectively.The specificity of clinical and psychological manifestations of adaptation disorders of doctors-interns was described. Based on complaints, anamnesis data, taking into account the additional analysis of depressive and anxiety symptoms by Hamilton scales, there were separated the asthenic (25,5 %), hyperesthesic (21,6 %), anxious-depressive (16,2 %), psychosomatic (14,2 %), astheno-apathetic (11,4 %), addictive (11,1 %) types of maladjustment reactions.Conclusions: The professional distress of doctors-interns results in the formation of maladjustment states (55,7 % of men and 68,6 % of women). The high maladjustment level was revealed in 9,2 % of men and 12,5 % of women; the expressed level of maladjustment - 10,3 % of men and, 14,0 % of women; the moderate level -36,2 % and 42,1 % respectively. There were separated asthenic, hypersthesic, anxious-depressive, astheno-apathetic, psychosomatic and addictive variants of maladjustment reactions in doctors-internsВ дослідженні проведено вивчення специфіки впливу професійного дистресу на стан адаптації лікаря інтерна. Встановлено, що жінки виявляють більш високий рівень розладів адаптації, в порівнянні з чоловіками. Описано специфіку клінічних та психологічних проявів порушень адаптації у лікарів інтернів. Виділено астенічний, гіперестезичний, тривожно-депресивний, психосоматичний, астено-апатичні та аддиктивний типи дезадаптивних реакці