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PRETRESI MOŽGANOV PRI TELOVADKAH IN TELOVADCIH: RAZČLENITEV DRŽAVNEGA ELEKTRONSKEGA SISTEMA NADZORA POŠKODB, 2018–2022
No full textGymnastics is a dynamic sport that carries inherent risks of injuriy, including concussions. Despite its popularity, there is a paucity of research focusing on concussions among gymnasts. The purpose of this retrospective, descriptive epidemiological study was to investigate the mechanism of injury and recovery in gymnasts following concussion over a recent 5-year period using the most available information from a national database. Our investigation utilized publicly available data from the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission’s (CPSC) National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) between 2018 and 2022. We reviewed 155 cases of gymnastics-related concussions, examining demographics, treatment trends, injury mechanisms, and associated diagnoses. Our study found a high incidence of concussions among adolescent female gymnasts. The most common events at the time of injury leading to gymnastics-related concussions were balance beam, high bar, flips, and/or backflips. The most commonly reported diagnoses associated with concussions were neck injuries, including neck pain, sprain, and/or strain. Concussions are a significant concern in gymnastics. Future research should focus on longitudinal assessments and detailed injury mechanisms to inform evidence-based preventive strategies.Telovadba je dinamičen dejavnost, ki s seboj prinaša tudi tveganje za poškodbe, med njimi pretres možganov. Kljub priljubljenosti je raziskav o pretresih možganov pri telovadcih malo. Namen te za nazaj usmerjene, opisne raziskave s področja javnega zdravja je bil v zadnjih petih letih razčleniti način nastanka poškodbe in okrevanje telovadcev po pretresu možganov, pri čemer smo uporabili najbolj razpoložljive podatke iz državne zbirke. Uporabili smo javno dostopne podatke Komisije ZDA za varnost potrošniških izdelkov (ang. Consumer Product Safety Commission – CPSC), in Državnega elektronskega sistema nadzora poškodb (ang. National Electronic Injury Surveillance System – NEISS) za obdobje 2018–2022. Pregledali smo 155 primerov pretresov povezanih s telovadbo in proučili značilnosti oseb, načine obravnave, načine nastanka poškodb ter spremljajoče diagnoze. Ugotovili smo veliko pogostost pretresov pri mladih telovadkah. Najpogosteje je do pretresov prišlo na gredi, na bradljah (zlasti dvovišinski) ter pri saltih naprej in/ali nazaj. Najpogosteje prijavljene spremljajoče diagnoze so bile poškodbe vratu, vključno z bolečino v vratu ter zvinom in/ali nategom. Pretresi možganov so v telovadbi pomemben izziv. V prihodnje naj se raziskave osredotočijo na daljše spremljanje skozi čas in podrobnejši opis načinov nastanka poškodb, da bomo lahko oblikovali na dokazih utemeljene preprečevalne ukrepe
POVEZANOST MED TELESNIMI ZNAČILNOSTMI IN USPEŠNOSTJO AKROBATOV NA VELIKI PROŽNI PONJAVI STARIH 10–13 LET
No full textSports results are the outcome of a complex interaction of many factors. Many authors highlight the essential interdependence between somatic structure and performance level in gymnastics, confirming the crucial importance of body structure for success in these disciplines. However, the literature on trampoline gymnastics is limited, and publications on the somatic characteristics of athletes and their correlation with sports results are exceptionally scarce. The aim of this paper is to analyse the correlation between somatic features, body proportion indices, and sports results achieved in trampoline gymnastics competitions. The study included 114 trampoline gymnasts (69 women and 45 men) aged 10–13 years (mean age 11.47±1.01). Somatic measurements were performed in accordance with the principles of Martin’s technique. The study analysed the correlations between individual variables (somatic features, age, BMI) and results (time of flight, difficulty, execution, horizontal displacement) from the National Trampoline Cup competitions. The correlation between variables was calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Only complete routines (10 elements) were analysed. The research revealed significant correlations between somatic measurements and the competitive results of trampoline gymnasts. The most statistically significant correlations were observed with time of flight (ToF) (p<0.05) in both the first and second routines (ToF1, ToF2). This indicates that older, taller, and heavier gymnasts (with weight and height proportions, as measured by BMI, within the normal range) achieve better results in time of flight (ToF) than their younger counterparts, which could be explained by their ability to generate greater force from the trampoline.Vrhunski dosežek je posledica zapletenega prepletanja številnih dejavnikov. Mnogi pisci poudarjajo tesno soodvisnost med telesno zgradbo in ravnijo dosežkov v telovadnih panogah ter potrjujejo, da je zgradba telesa v teh disciplinah zelo pomembna za športne uspehe. Vendar je gradiva o skokih na ponjavah malo, objave o telesnih značilnostih akrobatov in njihovi povezanosti z dosežki pa so izjemno redke. Namen prispevka je predstaviti rezultate meritev telesnih značilnosti in kazalnikov telesnih razmerij pri akrobatih na veliki prožni ponjavi (VPP), starih 10–13 let, ter razčleniti povezanost teh kazalnikov z dosežki na tekmovanjih. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 114 akrobatov. Telesne meritve so bile opravljene po načelih Martinove metode. Preverjali smo povezanost med posameznimi spremenljivkami (telesne značilnosti, starost, ITM) in dosežki na tekmah Poljskega pokala na VPP. Povezanost med spremenljivkami je bila izračunana s Pearsonovim koeficientom povezanosti. Razčlenili smo le popolne sestave (10 prvin). Raziskava je pokazala pomembne povezave med meritvami telesnih značilnosti in dosežki akrobatov na ponjavi. Najizrazitejše povezave so bile ugotovljene s časom v zraku (ang. Time of flight – ToF) v prvi in drugi sestavi (ToF1, ToF2). To kaže, da višji in težji posamezniki (z razmerjem telesne mase in telesne višine v običajnih mejah) dosegajo boljše rezultate pri času v zraku, kar lahko pojasnimo z njihovo zmožnostjo ustvariti večjo silo na ponjavi
Razlike med spoloma v gibalni pismenosti ter objektivno in subjektivno izmerjeni telesni dejavnosti: presečna študija pri učencih osnovnih šol
Get PDFBackground: Physical literacy (PL) is a key factor in maintaining physical activity (PA) among youth, but its link to physical activity levels (PALs), both measured objectively and subjectively, is still unclear—especially in preadolescents. Purpose: This study examined gender differences in PL and PAL and explored links between PL and both objectively (accelerometry) and subjectively (PAQ-C) measured PA in Croatian elementary school children. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 154 children (63 girls, 91 boys) aged 8–10 assessed PL using the PLAYself questionnaire and PAL using accelerometers and the PAQ-C. Gender differences were analyzed with the Mann–Whitney U test and effect sizes, and PL–PA associations were examined using Spearman\u27s correlation. Results: Boys reported higher PAQ-C scores (3.57 vs. 3.17, p=0.001), more daily steps (11330 vs. 9664, p = 0.04), and greater vigorous PA (39.05 vs. 19.63 min/day, p=0.001). Girls scored higher in the literacy subdomain of the PL (223.00 vs. 202.26, p=0.03), but no significant gender differences were found in total PL scores. The correlations between the PL and PAQ-C were stronger in boys (r=0.58) than in girls (r=0.30), whereas the correlations with accelerometer-derived PA were weak or nonsignificant. Discussion and Conclusions: Findings show gender differences in PA levels but not in PL. The mismatch between subjective and objective PA measures highlights the value of using both. Results point to the need for targeted efforts to boost vigorous PA in girls and suggest that self-reported PA may better reflect PL in this age group.Gibalna pismenost (PL) je ključni dejavnik za ohranjanje telesne dejavnosti (PA) med mladimi, vendar je njena povezava z nivojem telesne dejavnosti (PAL), tako objektivno kot subjektivno izmerjene, še vedno nejasna – zlasti pri predadolescentih. Namen: Študija je preučevala razlike med spoloma v PL in PAL ter raziskala povezave med PL in telesno dejavnostjo, izmerjeno objektivno (akcelerometrija) in subjektivno (PAQ-C), pri hrvaških osnovnošolcih. Metode: V presečni študiji, ki je zajela 154 otrok (63 deklic, 91 dečkov), starih 8–10 let, je bila PL ocenjena s vprašalnikom PLAYself, PAL pa z akcelerometri in PAQ-C. Razlike med spoloma so bile analizirane z Mann–Whitneyjevim U-testom, velikosti učinkov povezanosti PL in PA pa s Spearmanovo korelacijo. Rezultati: Dečki so poročali o višjih rezultatih PAQ-C (3,57 vs. 3,17; p = 0,001), več dnevnih korakov (11.330 vs. 9.664; p = 0,04) in več minutah intenzivne telesne dejavnosti (39,05 vs. 19,63 min/dan; p = 0,001). Deklice so dosegle višje rezultate v PL (223,00 vs. 202,26; p = 0,03), vendar med spoloma ni bilo pomembnih razlik. Povezanost med PL in PAQ-C je bila močnejša pri dečkih (r = 0,58) kot pri deklicah (r = 0,30), medtem ko so bile povezanosti s PA, iz akcelerometra, majhne ali nepomembne. Razprava in sklep: Ugotovitve kažejo na razlike med spoloma v ravni telesne dejavnosti, ne pa v PL. Neskladje med subjektivnimi in objektivnimi merami PA poudarja vrednost uporabe obeh pristopov. Rezultati kažejo na potrebo po ciljno usmerjenih prizadevanjih za povečanje intenzivne telesne dejavnosti pri deklicah ter nakazujejo, da lahko samoocenjena PA bolje odraža PL v tej starostni skupini.
POMEGRANATE JUICE TREATMENT PREVENTS CARBON TETRACHLORIDE(CCL4)-INDUCED TESTICULAR DAMAGE IN RATS: A BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY
Get PDFWe investigated the side effects of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) on testicular tissue and explored the protective effects of pomegranate juice (PJ) against CCl4 exposure. Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: Control, PJ, CCl4, and CCl4+PJ. We assessed serum testosterone levels and evaluated carboxylesterase (CaE), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione Stransferase (GST) parameters. Histopathological changes were examined using CD68 immunoreactivity to detect macrophage activity. Analysis revealed a significant increase in CaE activity in the PJ group that compared to the control group (p < 0.05). CCl4 exposure reduced CaE activity, which was partially restored by PJ in the CCl4+PJ group (p < 0.05). PJ also significantly reduced the elevated MDA levels induced by CCl4 (p < 0.05). CCl4 alone decreased the reduced glutathione (GSH) levels (p < 0.05), however PJ had no effect on GSH levels (p > 0.05). Neither CCl4 nor PJ had an effect on glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity (p > 0.05). In conclusion, PJ reversed histological damage and restored reduced testosterone levels. Furthermore, it alleviated CCl4-induced oxidative stress by utilizing an alternative antioxidant system rather than glutathione.
Zdravljenje s sokom granatnega jabolka preprečuje poškodbe mod zaradi ogljikovega tetraklorida (CCl4) pri podganah: biokemična in histološka študija
Izvleček: Raziskali smo neželene učinke ogljikovega tetraklorida (CCl4) na tkivo mod in preučili zaščitne učinke soka granatnega jabolka (PJ) ob izpostavljenosti CCl4. 28 samcev podgan wistar albino je bilo naključno razdeljenih v štiri skupine: kontrolno, PJ, CCl4 in CCl4 + PJ. Merili smo raven testosterona v serumu in ocenili parametre karboksilesteraze (CaE), malondialdehida (MDA), glutationa (GSH), glutation reduktaze (GR) in glutation S-transferaze (GST). Histopatološke spremembe so bile pregledane z uporabo imunoreaktivnosti CD68 za ugotavljanje aktivnosti makrofagov. Analiza je pokazala znatno povečanje aktivnosti CaE v skupini PJ v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino (p < 0,05). Izpostavljenost CCl4 je zmanjšala aktivnost CaE, v skupini CCl4 + PJ pa se je aktivnost CaE delno izboljšala s PJ (p < 0,05). PJ je tudi značilno znižal povišano raven MDA, ki jo je povzročil CCl4 (p < 0,05). CCl4 je zmanjšal raven reduciranega glutationa (GSH) (p < 0,05), vendar PJ ni vplival na raven GSH (p > 0,05). Niti CCl4 niti PJ nista vplivala na aktivnost glutation reduktaze (GR) in glutation S-transferaze (GST) (p > 0,05). PJ je torej odpravil histološke poškodbe in obnovil znižano raven testosterona. Poleg tega je ublažil oksidativni stres, ki ga je povzročil CCl4, tako da je namesto glutationa uporabil alternativni antioksidativni sistem.
Ključne besede: toksičnost CCl4; neplodnost; sok granatnega jabolka; karboksilestraza; oksidativni stres; histopatologij
PHENOMICS EVALUATION IN CATTLE BREEDING
Get PDFThe progress of technology, namely in the realm of computer science, has resulted in the capability to handle extensive sets of information, sometimes referred to as big data, which has substantially influenced the field of genetic science. The discipline of livestock farming has witnessed the emergence of several branches of study, including genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics. Using phenomics in cattle breeding has gained significant importance in augmenting production and efficiency. Scientists have created livestock phenomics platforms to enhance the welfare and productivity of animals by employing cutting-edge digital technologies and real-time sensors. Incorporating phenomics with genomics has expanded the potential for genetic assessment and breeding initiatives in the livestock sector. Phenomics allows for the assessment of the intricate reactions of animals to environmental stimuli, hence aiding in the advancement of more robust and productive cattle. In summary, of phenomics in cattle breeding has significant potential for the future of livestock production, providing prospects for better breeding objectives, promoting animal well-being, and boosting overall output.
Vrednotenje fenomike v govedoreji
Izvleček: Tehnološki napredek, zlasti na področju računalništva, je omogočil obdelavo obsežnih nizov informacij, ki se včasih imenujejo masovni podatki, kar je bistveno vplivalo na področje genetike. Na področju živinoreje se je pojavilo več raziskovalnih vej, vključno z genomiko, proteomiko, transkriptomiko in metabolomiko. Fenomika je v govedoreji pridobila velik pomen pri povečanju proizvodnje in učinkovitosti. Znanstveniki so ustvarili platforme za fenomiko v živinoreji, da bi z uporabo najsodobnejših digitalnih tehnologij in senzorjev v realnem času izboljšali dobrobit in produktivnost živali. Vključevanje fenomike z genomiko je razširilo možnosti za genetsko ocenjevanje in vzrejne iniciative v živinorejskem sektorju. Fenomika omogoča ocenjevanje zapletenih odzivov živali na okoljske dražljaje, kar pripomore k razvoju močnejšega in produktivnejšega goveda. Če povzamemo, ima fenomika v govedoreji velik potencial za prihodnost živinoreje, saj zagotavlja možnosti za boljše rejske cilje, spodbuja dobrobit živali in povečuje splošno proizvodnjo.
Ključne besede: učinkovitost živali; vedenje; masovni podatki; bioinformatika; govedoreja; genomika; fenomika; PLF; dobrobit žival
Vpliv različic razporeditve lovilnih petelj na raztezne lastnosti levo-desnih votkovnih pletiv iz mešanice volna/PAN
Get PDFThis study examines the stretch properties of nine variants of single-tuck weft-knitted fabrics made from 31 tex ×2 wool/PAN yarn and compares them with a plain fabric. The research emphasizes how variations in the arrangement and percentage of tuck loops within the stitch repeat affect the fabrics\u27 stretch characteristics. Results show that the presence and percentage of tuck loops at the width repeat significantly influence stretch properties. The plain fabric displayed apparent anisotropy, with widthwise deformation roughly four times greater than lengthwise deformation. This behaviour was largely dominated by the elastic component, indicating strong immediate recovery and dimensional stability. In contrast, tuck stitch variants showed more balanced deformation between directions, reflecting the moderating influence of tuck loops on fabric anisotropy. Increasing the percentage of tuck loops improved lengthwise extensibility while decreasing widthwise recovery, thereby altering elastic and residual deformation behaviour. The analysis of deformation components revealed that tuck loops decrease the elastic deformation ratio and increase delayed and residual deformation, suggesting greater stress relaxation and a higher permanent set. These results highlight the sensitive interplay between the presence and combination of knit and tuck loops and their effects on loop configuration and fabric mechanics. The results thus confirm that the controlled use of tuck stitches provides a practical approach to optimizing fabric performance in terms of stretch, recovery and stability, thereby offering valuable insights for designing functional and high-performance knitted textiles.V raziskavi so bile proučene raztezne lastnosti devetih različic levo-desnih lovilnih votkovnih pletiv in primerjane z lastnostmi enostavnega levo-desnega pletiva. Pletiva so bila izdelana iz preje z dolžinsko maso 31 tex × 2, iz mešanice volna/PAN. V raziskavi se je ugotavljal vpliv različic razporeditve in deleža lovilnih petelj (Tn) v sosledju na raztezne lastnosti pletiv. Enostavna pletena struktura kaže izrazito anizotropijo; deformacija v prečni smeri je približno štirikrat večja kot v vzdolžni smeri. Pri takšnem obnašanju pletiva pretežno prevladuje elastična komponenta deformacije (E1), kar kaže na visoko takojšnjo elastično povratnost in dobro dimenzijsko stabilnost. Nasprotno pa strukture z različno razporejenimi lovilnimi petljami kažejo bolj uravnoteženo deformacijo v obeh smereh, kar pomeni zmeren vpliv lovilnih petelj na anizotropijo pletiva. Z naraščajočim deležem lovilnih petelj se povečuje razteznost v vzdolžni smeri, hkrati pa se zmanjšuje elastična povratnost v prečni smeri, kar vpliva na spremembo razmerja med elastično in trajno deformacijo. Analiza komponent deformacije je pokazala, da lovilne petlje zmanjšujejo delež elastične deformacije (E1/E) ter povečujejo delež zakasnele (E2/E) in trajne deformacije (E3/E), kar kaže na večjo sprostitev napetosti in večjo trajno deformacijo pletiv. Rezultati poudarjajo ključen vzajemni učinek zank in lovilnih petelj ter njihov vpliv na konfiguracijo zančne strukture in mehanske lastnosti pletiv. Rezultati raziskave potrjujejo, da je nadzorovana uporaba lovilnih petelj učinkovit pristop k optimizaciji uporabnih lastnosti pletiv, kot so razteznost, povratnost in dimenzijska stabilnost, ki so pomembne za razvoj funkcionalnih in visokozmogljivih pletenih tekstilij
Exploring mindfulness in university students: Validation of the Slovenian version of the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale (PHLMS)
Get PDFV zadnjem obdobju narašča zanimanje za učinke vadbe čuječnosti na duševno zdravje, blagostanje in študijske izide študentov. Pri raziskovanju omenjenih učinkov je treba zagotoviti veljavne in zanesljive pripomočke za merjenje čuječnosti, ki pa jih v slovenskem prostoru primanjkuje. Namen raziskave je bil zato preučiti psihometrične značilnosti slovenskega prevoda Filadelfijske lestvice čuječnosti (PHLMS) in njene krajše oblike na vzorcu študentov (N = 570), starih od 18 do 39 let. Konfirmatorna faktorska analiza je potrdila predlagano dvofaktorsko strukturo tako daljše kot krajše oblike lestvice, ki omogoča merjenje dveh neodvisnih dimenzij čuječnosti: Zavedanje sedanjega trenutka in Sprejemanje lastnega doživljanja. Koeficienti notranje skladnosti so bili za obe obliki PHLMS zadovoljivi. Lestvica je pokazala tudi ustrezno konvergentno veljavnost na podlagi pozitivne povezanosti z rezultatom Lestvice čuječne pozornosti in zavedanja (MAAS). Ugotavljanje razlik v čuječnosti po spolu nakazuje, da študenti dosegajo značilno višje rezultate pri podlestvici Sprejemanje lastnega doživljanja v primerjavi s študentkami, medtem ko ne opažamo razlik med spoloma pri podlestvici Zavedanje sedanjega trenutka. Slovenska oblika PHLMS predstavlja veljaven in zanesljiv pripomoček za preučevanje čuječnosti v visokošolskem izobraževalnem kontekstu.In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the effects of mindfulness practice on studentsʼ mental health, well-being, and academic outcomes. To investigate these effects, it is necessary to provide valid and reliable measures of mindfulness, which are lacking in Slovenia. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Slovenian version of the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale (PHLMS) and its short form in a university student sample (N = 570) aged 18 to 39. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the proposed two-factor structure of the scale (both long and short versions), allowing the measurement of two independent mindfulness dimensions: Present-moment awareness and Acceptance. Internal consistency coefficients were satisfactory for both versions of the PHLMS scale. The scale also showed adequate convergent validity based on its positive correlation with the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS). Regarding gender differences in mindfulness, male university students scored higher in the acceptance subscale than female colleagues, while there were no significant gender differences in the present-moment awareness subscale. The Slovenian version of the PHLMS represents a valid and reliable measure of mindfulness in the context of higher education
The relationship between attachment styles, belief in the existence of God, spirituality, and attitudes toward celebrities in emerging adults
Get PDFMladi pogosto razvijejo tesne parasocialne odnose, kot so npr. odnosi s slavnimi osebami. Ti odnosi so enostranski, a pogosto zelo intimni. V raziskavi, v kateri je sodelovalo 182 mladih, starih od 18 do 30 let, smo preučili, koliko so ti odnosi povezani s slogom njihove navezanosti, prepričanostjo v obstoj Boga in duhovnostjo. Pričakovali smo, da slog navezanosti, verovanje v Boga in duhovnost pomembno napovedujejo parasocialne odnose. Za raziskavo smo prevedli in prilagodili naslednje ocenjevalne lestvice: Mladostnikova romantična parasocialna navezanost, Odnos do slavnih, Vprašalnik medosebnih odnosov, Lestvica prepričanj o obstoju Boga in Lestvica duhovne usmerjenosti. Med preučenimi slogi navezanosti sta le preokupirani/ambivalentni slog navezanosti in prepričanost v obstoj Boga značilno pozitivno napovedovala romantično parasocialno navezanost mladih na prehodu v odraslost ter njihov odnos do slavnih oseb. Višja raven duhovnosti je prav tako značilno napovedovala romantično parasocialno navezanost, ne pa tudi dosežka na lestvici intenzivnejšega odnosa do slavnih oseb. Rezultati podpirajo ugotovitve predhodnih študij o povezanosti med slogi navezanosti in parasocialnimi odnosi ter jih razširjajo z ugotovitvami, povezanimi z verovanjem v Boga in duhovnostjo. Kaže se potreba po nadaljnjem razvoju pripomočkov za preučevanje parasocialnih odnosov in duhovnosti.Young people often develop close parasocial relationships, such as celebrity relationships. These relationships are one-sided, but often very intimate. In a research involving 182 young people aged 18 to 30, we examined how these relationships are related to their attachment style, belief in the existence of God, and spirituality. We expected that attachment style, belief in God, and spirituality significantly predict parasocial relationships. We translated and adapted the following rating scales for the research: Adolescent Romantic Parasocial Attachment, Celebrity attitudes, Relationship Scales Questionnaire, Existence of God Scale, and The New Age Orientation Scale. Among the attachment styles studied, only the preoccupied/ambivalent attachment style and the belief in the existence of God significantly positively predicted the romantic parasocial attachment of young people at the transition to adulthood and their attitudes towards celebrities. Higher levels of spirituality also significantly predicted romantic parasocial attachment, but not achievement on the scale of intense celebrity relationship. The results support the findings of previous studies on the association between attachment styles and parasocial relationships and extend them with findings related to belief in God and spirituality. There is a need for further development of instruments for the study of parasocial relationships and spirituality
Morfološke značilnosti valilnih jajc in dinamika valjenja pri nesnih hibridih prelux-Č in prelux-G ter njuna povezanost s spolom piščancev
Get PDFThis study examined the morphological characteristics of hatching eggs from two Slovenian layer hybrids, Prelux-Č and Prelux-G, and investigated their relationship with hatch window and chick sex. The results showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) genotype-specific differences in egg morphology, hatching time and chick weight at hatch. Compared to Prelux-G eggs, Prelux-Č eggs were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) narrower, lighter and had paler shell pigmentation. Chicks from Prelux-Č eggs hatched earlier and had a significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower body weight than chicks from Prelux-G eggs. The hatch window of the Prelux-G hybrids was 56 hours, while that of the Prelux-Č hybrids was 64 hours. In the Prelux-Č hybrids, the pullets hatched earlier than the cockerels, while no significant sex-specific differences in hatching time were observed in the Prelux-G hybrids. The duration of egg storage prior to incubation also influenced hatch timing, with chicks from eggs stored for seven days hatching later than chicks from eggs stored for two days; however, this difference was only statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) in the Prelux-Č. The statistical analysis showed no significant correlation (p > 0.05) between the external egg characteristics and the sex of the chicks, indicating the limited predictive value of egg morphology for sex determination.V tej raziskavi so bile proučene morfološke značilnosti valilnih jajc dveh slovenskih nesnih hibridov, prelux-Č in prelux-G, ter njihova povezanost z valilnim oknom in spolom piščancev. Ugotovljene so bile statistično značilne razlike (p ≤ 0,05) med genotipoma v morfologiji jajc, trajanju valjenja in telesni masi piščancev ob izvalitvi. V primerjavi z jajci prelux-G so bila jajca prelux-Č statistično značilno (p ≤ 0,05) ožja, lažja in s svetlejšimi lupinami. Piščanci prelux-Č so se izvalili prej in z nižjo telesno maso v primerjavi s piščanci prelux-G. Pri prelux-G je bilo valilno okno dolgo 56 ur, medtem ko je bilo pri prelux-Č daljše, in sicer 64 ur. Pri prelux-Č je bilo ugotovljeno, da so se jarkice izvalile prej kot petelinčki, medtem ko pri prelux-G ni bilo zaznanih statistično značilnih razlik v času izvalitve med spoloma. Na čas izvalitve je vplivala dolžina skladiščenja jajc pred valjenjem; piščanci iz jajc, skladiščenih sedem dni, so se izvalili pozneje kot tisti iz jajc, skladiščenih dva dni. Statistično značilna razlika (p ≤ 0,05) je bila pri tem parametru opažena le pri hibridu prelux-Č. Statistična analiza ni pokazala značilne korelacije (p > 0,05) med zunanjimi lastnostmi jajc in spolom piščancev, kar potrjuje omejeno napovedno vrednost morfologije jajc za določanje spola
Identifikacija transkripcijskih faktorjev, ki se odzivajo na stres in sodelujejo s cisteinsko desulfurazo preko analize mreže soizražanja v pogojih suše, vročine in slanosti pri krompirju (Solanum tuberosum)
Get PDFCysteine desulfurases are essential enzymes involved in sulfur metabolism, redox regulation, and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) signalling, especially under abiotic stress conditions. This study aimed to explore the gene networks associated with a cysteine desulfurasegene (PGSC0003DMT400078713) in Solanum tuberosum exposed to drought, heat, and salinity. A subset of RNA-Seq data (SRA029323) were analysed using the Tuxedo pipeline on the Galaxy platform, and log₂(FC) values were used to assess gene co-expression. A total of 2,397 genes showed strong positive correlation (r ≥ 0.90) with the target gene, including 201 transcription factors and kinases identified from the iTAK database. Functional annotation revealed that the top co-expressed genes are involved in oxidative stress response, signal transduction, and mitochondrial respiration. Notably, a cytochrome-c oxidase involved in proton transport and copper binding (PGSC0003DMT400080385) and a putative membrane protein (PGSC0003DMT400065426) were highly upregulated under drought and heat stress, suggesting their role in stress adaptation. Conversely, some uncharacterized genes (e.g., PGSC0003DMT400096412 and PGSC0003DMT400022675) were strongly downregulated under salinity and drought. Network analysis positioned the cysteine desulfurase gene as a central hub linking multiple stress-responsive TF and kinase families, including AP2/ERF, MYB, NAC, and bHLH. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind abiotic stress responses in potato and may guide future breeding or genetic engineering strategies aimed at improving stress resilience in crops.Cisteinska desulfuraza
je pomemben encim, ki sodeluje v presnovi žvepla, regulaciji redoks potenciala in signalizaciji vodikovega sulfida (H₂S), zlasti v pogojih abiotskega stresa. Namen te študije je bil raziskati genetske mreže, povezane z genom cisteinske desulfuraze (PGSC0003DMT400078713) v Solanum tuberosum, izpostavljenem suši, vročini in slanosti. Analizirana je bila podmnožica podatkov RNA-Seq (SRA029323) z uporabo protokola Tuxedo na platformi Galaxy, vrednosti log₂(FC) pa so bile uporabljene za oceno soekspresije genov. 2397 genov je pokazalo močno pozitivno korelacijo (r ≥ 0,90) s ciljnim genom, vključno z 201 transkripcijskimi faktorji in kinazami, identificiranimi iz baze podatkov iTAK. Funkcionalna opomba je pokazala, da so geni z najvišjo soekspresijo vključeni v odziv na oksidativni stres, signalno transdukcijo in mitohondrijsko dihanje. Zlasti citokrom-c oksidaza, vključena v transport protonov in vezavo bakra (PGSC0003DMT400080385) ter domnevni membranski protein (PGSC0003DMT400065426) so bili močno povečano ekspresijo v suši in toplotnem stresu, kar kaže na njuno vlogo pri prilagajanju na stres.
Nasprotno pa so bili nekateri neznačilni geni (npr. PGSC0003DMT400096412 in PGSC0003DMT400022675) močno zmanjšani v slanosti in suši. Mrežna analiza je gen cistein desulfuraza umestila kot osrednji vozlišče, ki povezuje več družin TF in kinaz, ki se odzivajo na stres, vključno z AP2/ERF, MYB, NAC in bHLH. Ti izsledki prispevajo k boljšemu razumevanju molekularnih mehanizmov, ki stojijo za odzivi na abiotski stres pri krompirju, in lahko usmerjajo prihodnje strategije vzreje ali genske tehnologije, namenjene izboljšanju odpornosti pridelkov na stres