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Crack initiation in PMMA plates with circular holes considering kinetic energy and nonlinear elastic material behaviour
No full textInternational audienceThe coupled criterion (CC) of finite fracture mechanics (FFM) is extended to assess crack initiation in PMMA specimens with holes under quasi-static loading considering nonlinear elastic (NLE) material model and considering the kinetic energy variation in the energy balance. If dynamic aspects are disregarded, the failure stress predicted using the CC for either linear elastic (LE) material model or NLE material model is underestimated compared to the one measured experimentally. A better representation of the failure stress variation as a function of the hole size is obtained considering constant crack velocity profiles and velocities in the range [550-900] m/s (LE material model) or [400-600] m/s (NLE material model). The predicted failure stresses also depend on the crack velocity profile
Géopolitique des outre-mer.: Entre déclassement et (re)valorisation
No full textInternational audienceAtouts indéniables pour le contrôle des routes commerciales et les jeux de pouvoirs qui leur sont corollaires, lesoutre-mer restent perçus comme des étrangetés périphériques, plus ou moins éloignées et exotiques.Ce sont pourtant des lieux-clé où des visions du mondese rencontrent, s’affrontent et se confrontent. Ces pointsà peine visibles sur la carte sont des relais de puissanceet d’influence : réservoirs de main-d’œuvre bon marché, laboratoires d’expériences médicales et militaires,rampes de lancement, lieux d’internement abusif, sitesde stockage, faire-valoir touristique ou écologique... lesterritoires ultramarins forment un empire en pointillé et,paradoxalement, la géopolitique ne leur a guère accordéd’attention.À l’heure de la mondialisation et de la compétition sinoaméricaine pour le leadership mondial, Fred Constantanalyse comment ce processus de reconfigurationspatiale des puissances confère à certaines de leursextensions territoriales de nouvelles vertus stratégiques
Alexander the Great on Roman coins
No full textInternational audienceThe aim of this paper is to examine the image of Alexander the Great on Roman coins, from the gold statere of Flamininus to the (fake?) medallion of Caracalla from the Aboukir treasure. Only a few coins, Roman or provincial, directly represent Alexander (RPC I, 4036 ; RRC 402/1b ; BMC 81-85). The representation of the Macedonian on one of these coins, retained by certain scholars (D. Michel, Alexander als Vorbild für Pompeius, Caesar und Marcus Antonius, Latomus, 1967 ; B. Marshall, « An Aureus of Pompeius Magnus », Antichthon, 50 2016, 107-33 ; K. Kopij, « The context and dating of the Pompey’s Aureus (RRC 402) », Quaderni ticinesi, 45, 2016, 109-127) is moreover questionable and this paper could be the occasion to return to it.If the direct monetary representations of Alexander, Greek as well as Roman, have been widely and recently studied, notably by K. Dahmen (The legend of Alexander the Great on Greek and Roman coins, Routledge, 2007) some coins that may have a more or less direct link with Alexander are often left out. It will therefore also be necessary to take into account issues that do not directly feature Alexander (RIC I, Augustus 287 ; RRC 293/1 ; RRC 548/1a), but which can iconographically complete a Roman speech on the Macedonian. An example of this is the denarius RRC 293/1, which is rarely mentioned but is nevertheless crucial in the study of Pompey's imitatio Alexandri, in connection with a passage from Plutarch (Pompeius, 2, 2-4).The examination of these coins is not only a study of the Roman reception of Alexander, but also of the use of the image of the Macedonian as a tool for dialogue between Romans and Greeks
On Eels and Angels : Amelia Rosselli and Francesca Woodman Between Devotion and Deconstruction of the Traditional Topoi
No full textInternational audienceBy bringing into dialogue the poet Amelia Rosselli and the artist Francesca Woodman, this paper will focus on how an intermedial and comparative methodological framework can bring a better understanding of both poetic texts and visual arts. The aim of this paper is to reflect on the conflict between devotion and defection of a given media tradition (photography on the one hand, poetry on the other) by analyzing some figures shared by Woodman and Rosselli: the visiting angel and the eel. Such a comparison will allow us to ask ourselves whether the two artists’ texts and photographs are as ‘feminin’ as they appear at first sight. Rosselli’s poetry takes up certain topoi of the lyric genre: above all, the apostrophe of a male ‘I’, whose voice is hyper-present in the text, to a mute or absent female ‘You’. By reversing the pronominal relationship between these two speakers, Rosselli succeeds at the same time in appropriating the topos and in criticizing it. As Rosselli does with the stereotypes of the lyric genre, Woodman engages in an ambivalent relationship with the commonplaces of the feminine. In both cases, the conquering of the body involves both rejection and the desire to show it off to others. Each in her own way, Rosselli and Woodman deny themselves to their audience, who find themselve
The Human Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase TUM1 Is Involved in Moco Biosynthesis, Cytosolic tRNA Thiolation and Cellular Bioenergetics in Human Embryonic Kidney Cells
No full textInternational audienceSulfur is an important element that is incorporated into many biomolecules in humans. The incorporation and transfer of sulfur into biomolecules is, however, facilitated by a series of different sulfurtransferases. Among these sulfurtransferases is the human mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST) also designated as tRNA thiouridine modification protein (TUM1). The role of the human TUM1 protein has been suggested in a wide range of physiological processes in the cell among which are but not limited to involvement in Molybdenum cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis, cytosolic tRNA thiolation and generation of H 2 S as signaling molecule both in mitochondria and the cytosol. Previous interaction studies showed that TUM1 interacts with the L-cysteine desulfurase NFS1 and the Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein 3 (MOCS3). Here, we show the roles of TUM1 in human cells using CRISPR/Cas9 genetically modified Human Embryonic Kidney cells. Here, we show that TUM1 is involved in the sulfur transfer for Molybdenum cofactor synthesis and tRNA thiomodification by spectrophotometric measurement of the activity of sulfite oxidase and liquid chromatography quantification of the level of sulfur-modified tRNA. Further, we show that TUM1 has a role in hydrogen sulfide production and cellular bioenergetics
« Intendat caritas uestra : l’attention comme participation dans les Sermons d’Augustin », dans Spectateurs : corps, présence, attention, dir. S. Wyler et E. Valette, 2023, PUR
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« Le travail de la mémoire dans les Confessions d’Augustin », séminaire « Le travail de la mémoire », dans N. Kremer, E. Leborgne et M. Hersant (dir.), Le travail de la mémoire dans les écrits autobiographiques du XVIIIè siècle
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Interpreting mismatches between linguistic and genetic patterns among speakers of Tanimuka (Eastern Tukanoan) and Yukuna (Arawakan)
No full textInternational audienceNorthwestern Amazonia is home to a great degree of linguistic diversity, and the human societies in that region are part of complex networks of interaction that predate the arrival of Europeans. This study investigates the population and language contact dynamics between two languages found within this region, Yukuna and Tanimuka, which belong to the Arawakan and Tukanoan language families, respectively. We use evidence from linguistics, ethnohistory, ethnography and population genetics to provide new insights into the contact dynamics between these and other human groups in NWA. Our results show that the interaction between these groups intensified in the last 500 years, to the point that it is difficult to differentiate between them genetically. However, this close interaction has led to more substantial contact-induced language changes in Tanimuka than in Yukuna, consistent with a scenario of language shift and asymmetrical power relations
