E-Journal Politeknik Negeri Cilacap
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Karakterisasi Kadar Air Dan Penyerapan Iodin Karbon Dari Tempurung Buah Nipah Sebagai Adsorben Gas H2S
Get PDFAir pollution requires proper handling so that the impact can be reduced. Nipah fruit shell contains high cellulose and lignin so that carbon from nipah fruit shell needs to be implemented as an adsorbent to reduce the concentration of Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas produced from fish waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the characterization of carbon from nipah fruit shells as H2S gas absorbers with the effect of time variations of 10 minutes, 15 minutes and 20 minutes. The method of absorption of H2S absorption using iodine absorption with iodometric titration. The sampling process went through several stages, such as the carbonization process, carbon characterization process, and H2S gas adsorption using carbon that had been characterized by water content and iodine absorption. This research resulted in the production of carbon from nipa palm shell as an H2S gas absorber which has a water content characterization of 1.0651% and an iodine absorption capacity of 615.6105 mg/g so that it can adsorb H2S gas with an initial concentration of 64 ppm until it reaches the lowest concentration of 5.538 ppm
Rancang Bangun Rangka dan Pipa Pemanas Pada Mesin Pengering Padi
Get PDFThe climate change in Indonesia results in disruption of the rice drying process which only relies on sunlight for the drying process of rice grains so that during the rainy season farmers having problems on the process of drying rice grains. Thus, a new technology is needed in the process of drying rice grains. This technology is using a rice dryer. In the process of making a rice drying machine, there are several important components that must be designed properly, namely the frame and heating pipes which are the main components of a rice drying machine. The aim of this research was to design the frame and heating pipe for rice drying machines. From the design process, the testing phase is carried out, both machine testing and rice drying testing. The test results show that all machine components run well and the drying results show that the rice has decreased in weight after being put into the rice dryer with decrease is 5 kg to 4,9 kg or about 0,1%
Pemanfaatan Limbah Sayur dan Kotoran Sapi Sebagai Sumber Energi Terbarukan
Get PDFWaste’s dynamic problem will always be present in humans life and even get increasing each day. Waste generated from various kind of human activities and it will cause serious problem if it is not handled properly. One among many waste types which mostly produced from humans daily activities is organic waste and the concrete example is vegetable trash. Vegetable trash generated in large amount everyday that the treatment of this trash is important to be carried out. Also, vegetable trash is a source of biomass which can be converted into renewable energy source, that is biogas. This research aims to collected literature references (review) of vegetable trash conversion into biogas by adding with cow dung and draw conclusion about optimum composition of mixture of cow dung and vegetable trash which obtain highest methane gas (CH4) concentration. Cow dung is known as potential biogas raw material for its high cellulose content after digested in cow’s stomach that its is easier broken down by methane composing bacteria in methanogenenis process to produce methane gas (CH4). The variables used in this research are mass ratio between cow dung (KS) and vegetable waste (SS) variation of 100:0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75; and 0:100 with addition of EM4. Literature review give conclusion that optimum composition mixture in biogas production process is 70% cow dung and 30% vegetable trash
Efektifitas Konsentrasi Ragi Tape Terhadap Karakteristik Bioetanol: %Kemurnian, Ph, Dan Nilai Brix Hasil Dari Fermentasi Nira Tebu (Saccharum Officinarum)
Get PDFCurrently, fossil energy is the spearhead of Indonesia\u27s energy needs and even the world. The fossil energy in question includes gasoline, natural gas and coal. This is due to the increasing population growth, even though energy reserves in Indonesia and even in the world continue to run low. So it is necessary to have alternative fuels such as bioethanol, which is a renewable fuel, especially from sugar cane juice. So this study aims to see the effect of the amount of yeast tape content on the characteristics of the bioethanol product produced. This type of research is experimental using a completely randomized design using 1 factor (the concentration of tape yeast is 5%, 10%, 15%).The results of this study indicate that there is an effect on the amount of tape concentration used as an active ingredient on the bioethanol product produced. The highest bioethanol content obtained from this fermentation result is the best at 15% tape yeast concentration, namely with an average of 6.67%, with an average pH of 3.3 and Brix 6%. Meanwhile, the lowest bioethanol content was obtained from the addition of 5% tape yeast concentration with an average of 3.67%, with an average pH of 3.13 and 5% brix
Optimasi Pengambilan Triterpenoid dari Daun Pegagan (Centella Asiatica) dengan Metode Ekstraksi Bertingkat
Get PDFPegagan (Centella asiatica) has potential as a medicinal plant because of its triterpenoids content. It can be used to accelerate the healing of bleeding wounds on the skin. This study aims to optimize ethanol volume and extraction time on triterpenoid yields obtained and to determine the physical characteristics of the extract of pegagan leaves by using soxhlet extraction method. Three main processes were first extraction using n-hexane as solvent at a temperature of 69oC for 120 minutes, then second extraction from the residue using a varied volume of ethanol as a solvent (250; 275; 300; 325 mL) at a temperature of 78oC for varied time (60; 90; 120; 150 menit), and drying the filtrate using a rotary evaporator. The results shown that when the volume of solvent and extraction time increased, the triterpenoid yields increased too. The optimal volume of ethanol was obtained at 300 mL for 120 minutes in extraction time with the triterpenoid yields of 0.59%
Uji Efisiensi dan Laju Fitoremidiasi Tanaman Apu-Apu Dengan Parameter Kadar COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) Pada Air Tercemar Bensin
Get PDFApu-apu plants or commonly referred to as kiambang plants are a aquatic species that grow abundantly in wetlands. This abundance of aquatic plants can be used as a biofilter in addressing environmental problems particularly water pollution. This study is carried to test efficiency and fitoremidiation rate of apu-apu plants in lowering COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) levels in gasoline contaminated water. A sample of apu-apu plant was taken from Karangkandri, Cilacap. After aclimatization, 15 apu-apu plant trees and 5 carp were placed in a container box that contained of contaminated water of 10 mL gasoline and then observed for pH, temperature and COD for six days. Temperature of contaminated water on 1st day is 28.5 oC and on 6th day is 27 oC. The value of the pH range of wastewater ranges is between 7.2-7.7. This suggests that wastewater is alkali mild. Phytoremediation ability of apu-apu plants in reducing COD levels has efficiency of 60%. This result indicates that the apu-apu plant is a good phytoremediator against contaminated water. The rate of phytoremediation or equal with COD decreasing at which apu-apu plants develop is 2.9 mg/L/day and goldfishes in contaminated water does not suffer death
Perbandingan Kualitas Minyak Pirolisis, Minyak Tanah, dan Solar
Get PDFPlastic is a polymer compound whose main constituent elements consist of carbon and hydrogen where one of the raw materials that is often used to make plastic is naphtha, which is a material produced from refining petroleum or natural gas (Surono, 2013). Chemical decomposition through a heating process without oxygen where the raw material will undergo a breakdown of the gas phase structure called pyrolysis (Jahiding et al., 2020). The quality comparison of pyrolisis oil, kerosene and oil, namely pyrolysis oil is lower than the quality of kerosene but higher than diesel oil based on density oil, duration of combustion, water temperature and volume of water that evaporates. Based on the research that has been done by Wahyudi (2018) and Mustam (2021) which is shown from the comparison chart of kerosene, pyrolysis oil and diesel oil based on the density of oil, duration of oil burning, temperature of cooked water and vaporized water volume. The quality of kerosene is better when compared to pyrolysis oil and diesel oil which is determined by the flash point of kerosene which is lower between pyrolysis oil and diesel oil, which is 47.8 oC. The flash point of diesel oil is 55 oC (the data on the flash point of kerosene and diesel oil were obtained from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources in 2006). While the point of pyrolysis oil can be under the range of more than 47.8 oC and less than 55 oC. This is because the quality of pyrolysis oil is between kerosene and diesel oil
Penggunaan Adsorben Karbon Aktif Bambu Kuning (Bambusa Vulgaris Var. Striata) dan Bentonit dalam Proses Pengolahan Limbah Cair Laboratorium Kimia Politeknik Negeri Cilacap
Get PDFCilacap State Polytechnic chemical laboratory has waste derived from the disposal of practicum and testing activities that use hazardous and toxic materials or chemicals. Adsorption process with the addition of preparation bentonite and bamboo charcoal with bambusa vulgaris var type. striata or yellow bamboo. Activation of bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris var. striata) chemically using a solution of 10% H3PO4 (phosphoric acid). Chemical activation of bentonite by mixing bentonite with a 5% HCl solution. This study aims to find out the decrease in concentrations of Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) in the liquid waste treatment of Cilacap State Polytechnic chemical laborator. Chemical activation of adsorbents decreased the concentration level of Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) by 88.793% and decreased concentration of Total Suspended Solid (TSS) by 84%. The trapping capacity of yellow bamboo adsorben material (Bambusa vulgaris var. striata) with 10% H3PO4 chemical activation and bentonite with 5% HCl chemical activation can trap total dissolved solid (TDS) adsorent capacity levels of 6,866 mg/g and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) absorption capacity of 0.0875 mg/g. Utilization of bentonite and yellow bamboo waste (Bambusa vulgaris var. striata) can be used as an effective adsorbent material in the processing of chemical laboratory liquid waste
Dehidrasi Bioetanol Dari Nira Tebu (Saccharum officinarum) Dengan Proses Adsorpsi Menggunakan Bentonite Clay
Get PDFThe increase in population will automatically increase the use of motorized fuel, especially motorbikes and cars. That way, of course the need for fuels such as petrol, diesel, and the like will continue to increase, so there is a need for alternative renewable fuels such as bioethanol which is a renewable fuel that can substitute for these needs. Bioethanol itself is known to have a knock rate value equal to the gasoline and diesel phases when the purity reaches 99.5%. In this study, the characterization process of bioethanol products made from sugarcane juice was carried out using bentonite clay purifiers and looked at the characteristics of pH, brix, and bioethanol content. This research was conducted experimentally, using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments, namely variations in the weight of bentonite clay 40 grams, 50 grams, and 60 grams with 3 replications. The results showed that there was an effect of adding variations in the weight of bentonite clay on the bioethanol content of sugarcane juice and there was an effect on the pH value, but there was no effect on the sugar content (brix). The best treatment in this study was bioetano from sugarcane juice with the addition of a weight of 60 grams, with alcohol content production of 9.33%, a pH of 5.13, and 6.33% brix
Efektifitas Larutan Iodin Sebagai Indikator Pada Pengukuran Pengaruh Pemanasan Terhadap Kandungan Vitamin C Minuman Sari Buah
Get PDFVitamin C is one of the micronutrients needed in the body. The need for vitamin C can be met by consuming fruits and vegetables. Vitamins are easily damaged due to heating time. There are several methods developed to determine the content of vitamin C in food and one of them is the iodometry method. The iodometric method is considered simpler and easier to do in testing the content of vitamin C in food and beverages. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of iodine indicators in measuring the content of vitamin C in several types of packaged fruit juice drinks and original fruit juices that had been treated with different heating. From the results of testing and literature studies regarding the effect of heating time on vitamin C content in fruit juices, it shows the suitability of a decrease in vitamin C content. This shows that a simple iodometric method is quite effective in showing the results of measuring vitamin C content in samples