HAL Clermont Université
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Electrochemical screening as a tool for identification of transketolase inhibitors
No full textInternational audienceThis chapter describes the development and application of a 96-well electrochemical screening plate for the identification of inhibitors of transketolase, a key enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway, involved in multiple diseases (cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, and infections). This work details the design and manufacturing of printed circuit board (PCB) plates with screen-printed electrodes, optimized for independent electrochemical readout in each well. It describes the electrochemical assay, including electrode quality control, as well as the high-throughput screening of a chemical library of 1360 molecules using an affordable substrate (L-erythrulose). This proof-of-concept is validated with the transketolase of Escherichia coli, as model of bacterial enzyme. Key advantages include speed, universality, and not requiring chromogenic reagents, offset by the need for specialized equipment and strict electrode quality control. Hits are validated by complementary colorimetric assays to confirm results and determine kinetic parameters
Dual roles of crayfish shell biochar on the fate of arsenic in acid and alkaline aerobic soils: insights from dissolved organic matter and metabolism genes
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Arsenic (As) contamination poses a significant global environmental and health concern. Crayfish shell biochar (CSBC) has shown considerable potential for remediating As-contaminated soil. However, the effect of CSBC on As mobility in acid and alkaline aerobic soils, and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the variation in As availability, dissolved organic matter (DOM), microbial community, and As metabolism genes in CSBC-amended soil. Results indicated that CSBC application decreased the available As content in alkaline soil (4.5–9.9%), but increased it in acid soil (19.6–26.8%). The increase in soil pH and DOM humification degree, along with the decrease in DOM molecular weight, contributed to enhanced As mobility in CSBC-amended acid soil. Additionally, CSBC application stimulated microbial membrane transport and signal transport function in acid soil. Furthermore, it increased the relative abundance of Bradyrhizobium , Sphingomonas , Streptomyces , and Ktedonobacter , which harbor As(V) reduction ( arsC and arrB ) and As(III) efflux ( ACR3 ) genes, thereby promoting As mobility in acid soil. In alkaline soil, the CSBC provided additional bonding sites for As to mitigate its environmental risk. This study provides new insights into the critical role of biochar in influencing As fate in aerobic soil
β-NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+@SiO2@Au upconverters core–shell nanorods: Synthesis and optical properties
No full textInternational audienceA shell of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) have been successfully grafted on a core of β-NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+ nanorods (NRs) using a simple and rapid protocol. XRD, TEM and IR spectroscopy data demonstrated successful integration of Au-NPs on the surface of β-NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+-NRs and the formation of a core–shell β-NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+@SiO2@Au nanocomposites (NCs). The effect of Au-NPs on the luminescence of β-NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+@SiO2@Au-NCs was investigated based on emission spectra as well as luminescence decays, under NIR and UV–Vis excitation. Possible Interaction mechanisms and energy transfers between β-NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+ and Au-NPs are proposed. The emission intensity of the Er3+ ions was modulated through the activation of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Au-NPs. Decay time measurements confirmed the presence of an additional decay pathway, attributed to the Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) process. UV–Vis excitation and FRET efficiency calculations indicate that only a portion of Er3+ ions participate in this new decay route
How to improve semantic interoperability? a concrete use case based on EUMED metering profile in the context of energy data space projects
No full textInternational audienceIn the context of information exchange between energy domains and across different sectors (such as Energy, Manufacturing, and Mobility) semantic interoperability between systems becomes an essential requirement. This paper addresses semantic interoperability lessons learned based on a concrete use case: Access to Metering and Customer Data. It leverages some results from Horizon Europe Energy Data Space projects, specifically OMEGA-X, EDDIE, Enershare, DataCellar and Int:Net
Mechanism of Action and Membrane Interactions of Antibacterial Quaternized Triazolium Peptoids
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Le jardin potager : une pratique de subsistance fragilisée chez les classes populaires rurales
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Introduction, numéro spécial "Vocations d’enfants et trajectoires familiales (1550-1630)"
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Ressentis des médecins généralistes face à la détresse des patients en situation palliative
No full textCONTEXTE : le droit pour une aide active à mourir est actuellement en débat au Sénat avec au centre de cette question le concept de détresse des patients en situation palliative. Le médecin généraliste, chef d’orchestre de la prise en charge des patients à domicile, est confronté à cette détresse.OBJECTIF : l’objectif de cette étude est de décrire les ressentis des médecins généralistes face aux patients en détresse en situation palliative.MÉTHODE : il s’agit d’une étude qualitative par entretien semi-dirigé et échantillonnage en boule de neige. L’analyse des données a été faite chronologiquement par le chercheur et selon une analyse phénoménologique interprétative.RÉSULTATS : le médecin généraliste est totalement engagé auprès de son patient en détresse en situation palliative et tente de répondre à son rôle de « médecin idéal ». Mais face à la mort inéluctable, le médecin se retrouve en difficulté et confronté à ses limites. Il comprend que cet idéal ne peut être atteint, le mettant à l’épreuve et lui imposant une recherche de maîtrise. De l'engagement du médecin dans ces situations résonne également la relation singulière qu’il crée avec le patient et sa famille. Cette connexion entre eux fait vivre au médecin une charge émotionnelle forte mais pas seulement, elle lui apporte aussi un véritable enrichissement.CONCLUSION : les médecins généralistes peuvent être rassurés sur le fait qu’ils arrivent à accompagner les patients en détresse en situation palliative même si cela peut être éprouvant pour eux. Cette étude participe à les aider pour faire en sorte de les soutenir dans cet accompagnement
