226280 research outputs found
Sort by
Relational Heritage in Retail-Reimagining 1950s Practices for the Future of Consumer Experience
No full textInternational audienceFood retailing in the 1950s was defined by strong social ties between shopkeepers and customers, grounded in geographical proximity and mutual trust. These relationships went beyond mere economic transactions, fostering spaces of human interaction where consumer loyalty was built on reciprocity and respect. Small shops, located at the heart of their communities, anticipated customers’ needs and cultivated secure, familiar environments that reinforced social cohesion. While consumer experience remains a priority today, new dynamics- especially the integration of AI and growing partnerships with local producers- are reshaping the retail landscape. Despite these transformations, the core value of human connection remains central to food retailing. This position paper highlights the continuity between past practices and present trends, emphasizing how values such as proximity and interpersonal relationships, though redefined, continue to be essential to the consumer experience. By doing so, it offers a critical analysis of how traditional retail models can be reimagined to address contemporary challenges while preserving their social foundations
Après le Néolithique : l’art celtique, un art nouveau
No full textNational audienceL’art du Ier millénaire avant notre ère (fin de l’âge du Bronze, âge du Fer) est-il l’héritier de l’expression artistique des sociétés néolithiques ? Si l’évolution des images est souvent perçue comme continue dans la mesure où elle reflète une quête perpétuelle d’expression et de sens, pour la période celtique, il est plus intéressant de s’attarder sur les étapes de transformation voire de régression, d’opposition ou de dialogue culturel qui enrichissent et redéfinissent sans cesse les iconographies
Understanding the Formation of Saturn's Regular Moons in the Context of Giant Planet Moons Formation Scenarios
No full textInternational audienceThis article explores the different formation scenarios of the Kronian moons system in the context of a highly dissipative Saturn, with the objective of identifying the most likely of these scenarios. First, we review the diversity of objects – moons and rings – orbiting solar system giant planets, and the diversity of their architectures, which formation scenarios must reproduce. We then identify in this broader context the specific features of the Saturn system, such as the particularly large spectrum of its moon masses, the uniqueness of Titan and the presence of both dense and tenuous rings, before discussing the applicability of the different giant planet moon formation scenarios to the Saturn case. We discuss each of the most relevant scenarios and their respective merits. Finally, we tentatively propose a "favorite" scenario and we identify the key observations to be made by future space missions and/or Earth-based telescopic observations to validate this scenario or possibly alternative ones
Sowing the seeds of the future: The Earth Assembly - France, a model to share for a future in harmony with Nature
No full textInternational audienc
Charting electronic-state manifolds across molecules with multi-state learning and gap-driven dynamics via efficient and robust active learning
No full textInternational audienceWe present a robust protocol for affordable learning of electronic states to accelerate photophysical and photochemical molecular simulations. The protocol solves several issues precluding the widespread use of machine learning (ML) in excited-state simulations. We introduce a novel physics-informed multi-state ML model that can learn an arbitrary number of excited states across molecules, with accuracy better or similar to the accuracy of learning ground-state energies, where information on excited-state energies improves the quality of ground-state predictions. We also present gap-driven dynamics for accelerated sampling of the small-gap regions, which proves crucial for stable surface-hopping dynamics. Together, multi-state learning and gap-driven dynamics enable efficient active learning, furnishing robust models for surface-hopping simulations and helping to uncover long-time-scale oscillations in cis-azobenzene photoisomerization. Our active-learning protocol includes sampling based on physics-informed uncertainty quantification, ensuring the quality of each adiabatic surface, low error in energy gaps, and precise calculation of the hopping probability
Characterization of the <i>Cubamyces Menziesii</i> Terpenome
No full textInternational audienceLong-lasting polypore fungi are significant producers of terpene cyclases of high interest for medicinal or biotechnological applications. Following the 1000 Fungal Genomes initiative launched by the Joint Genome Institute, the genome of Cubamyces (C.) menziesii and identified 18 genes encoding sesquiterpene cyclases (STCs) is explored. In a search for robust catalysts suitable for practical applications, the 18 codon-optimized open reading frames are cloned and overproduced the C. menziesii STCs in Escherichia coli. In ten cases, the catalytically active enzyme is purified and tested with three chemically synthesized linear diphosphates: geranyl diphosphate, farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), and geranylgeranyl diphosphate. Only FDP proved to be a substrate for these 10 enzymes. The product specificity of all these enzymes is determined by (GC-MS) gas chromatography mass spectrometry and (NMR) nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Among the 10 enzymes, four produced a predominant compound, four yielded two main compounds, and the remaining two acted as a multiproduct catalysts. This work sheds light on the potential sesquiterpenes involved in the chemical ecology of the polypore C. menziesii and provides evidence for the potential of Polyporales fungi in the identification of new sesquiterpene cyclase activities
Droit(s) et liberté(s) des animaux
No full textPostface à l'ouvrage de Nicole Sugier, ancienne présidence de la Société Nationale de Défense des AnimauxInternational audienc
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Efficacy and Safety of Fecal Microbiota Transplant for Preventing Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection: The Failure of a Procedure, not of a Therapy
No full textInternational audienc
New Insights on the Origin of the Blue Photoluminescence of Natural Opal Through Raman Spectroscopy
No full textInternational audienceThe blue luminescence commonly observed in natural opal (amorphous, hydrated silica) under 3.40 eV light remains poorly understood. Previous studies, lacking evidence of extrinsic activators, have attributed this emission to intrinsic defects. Raman spectroscopy has enabled the quantification of Q n units a reliable indicator of silica polymerization degree. Thus, we investigated possible correlation between blue luminescence spectra and opal polymerization degree. We used Raman spectroscopy to measure the proportions of Q n units on eight natural samples. We then decomposed the blue luminescence spectra of the same samples and observed 3 components at 2.49, 2.73, and 3.00 eV (respectively 498, 454, and 413 nm). The intensity of each contribution exhibits a linear relationship with the proportions of Q 3 , Q 4 , and Q 2 centers, respectively. As Q 4 alone cannot induce luminescence, we propose that the 2.73 eV emission band is linked to an oxygen deficiency center
Les facteurs pronostiques des adénopathies cervicales de l'enfant
No full textIntroduction : l’objectif de cette étude est d’identifier les critères préopératoires associés au diagnostic de malignité des adénopathies cervicales de l’enfant, en remontant à partir de l’analyse anatomopathologique, et par conséquent d’identifier les patients pour lesquels la biopsie aurait pu être évitée. Matériel et méthodes : les données démographiques, cliniques et paracliniques ont été recueillies rétrospectivement chez les enfants atteints d'adénopathies cervicales et biopsiés entre le 1er janvier 2015 et le 1er janvier 2025. Ces facteurs de risque ont fait l’objet d’analyses univariées. Résultats : l’étude comprenait 160 enfants, 79 dans le groupe sans hémopathie et 81 dans le groupe avec hémopathie. Les enfants atteints d’une hémopathie maligne étaient en moyenne plus âgés et majoritairement de sexe féminin, comparés à ceux sans hémopathie. D’après les analyses statistiques, les éléments suspects de malignité étaient : en clinique, la fixité ganglionnaire et la présence d’une dyspnée et d’une fièvre associées ; à l’échographie cervicale, le caractère dédifférencié, hypoéchogène et la présence d’une veine jugulaire interne comprimée ou laminée ; à la radiographie thoracique, l’élargissement cardio-médiastinal et à l’échographie abdominale, les adénomégalies abdomino-pelviennes. Au scanner, il s’agissait du caractère confluent et au TEP scanner, la fixation cervicale et sus-diaphragmatique étaient associées au risque de malignité. Les adénopathies cervicales basses et notamment sus-claviculaires à la clinique et sur tous les examens d’imageries orientaient vers le diagnostic de malignité. La taille des adénopathies ne différait pas entre les groupes sans et avec hémopathie. Les deux paramètres biologiques qui permettaient de discriminer au mieux les deux groupes étaient les polynucléaires neutrophiles (valeur > 6,17 G/L) et les lymphocytes (valeur < 2,39 G/L). Enfin, les éléments orientant le mieux vers le diagnostic de bénignité étaient : à la clinique, la fluctuation, la souffrance cutanée et les secteurs hauts situés (I et II) et à l’échographie, la présence de calcification ganglionnaire et un trajet fistuleux à la peau. Conclusion : cette étude nous a permis d’identifier les facteurs pronostiques des adénopathies cervicales de l’enfant qui permettent de discriminer les éléments en faveur de la malignité ou de la bénignité. Toutefois, aucun critère n’est pathognomonique et ne permet de différencier avec certitude les ganglions lymphatiques bénins des ganglions malins. L’indication de biopsie ganglionnaire repose sur un ensemble de critères cliniques et paracliniques