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Prescription de l'action publique et délit de corruption passive
No full textInternational audience(Crim. 2 avr. 2025, no 24-81.052, F-D
Accident du travail et fixation du point de départ de la prescription de la contravention de blessures involontaires
No full textInternational audience(Crim. 18 mars 2025, no 23-86.308, FS-B, D. 2025. 536 ; Dr. pénal 2025. Comm. 118, obs. A. Maron et M. Haas
Procédure devant le tribunal de commerce
No full textInternational audience(Règl. général sur la protection des données (RGPD) ; Arr. du 14 janv. 2025 portant modification des arrêtés du 21 juin 2013 portant communication par voie électronique entre les avocats et entre les avocats et la juridiction dans les procédures devant les tribunaux de commerce et du 9 févr. 2016 portant application des dispositions du titre XXI du livre Ier du code de procédure civile aux greffiers des tribunaux de commerce ; Arr. du 9 févr. 2016 portant application des dispositions du titre XXI du livre Ier du code de procédure civile aux greffiers des tribunaux de commerce ; Arr. du 21 juin 2013 portant communication par voie électronique entre les avocats et entre les avocats et la juridiction dans les procédures devant les tribunaux de commerce ; Civ. 2e, 27 mars 2025, nos 22-20.067 et 22-15.464 FS-B [2 espèces], D. 2025. 631 ; AJ fam. 2025. 195, obs. F. Eudier ; AJDI 2025. 383 ; Soc. 9 avr. 2025, no 22-23.639, D. 2025. 689
Multimodal Pragmatic Development of "I Don’t Know" During Study Abroad
No full textInternational audienceResearch on study abroad has highlighted its positive impact on linguistic development, with longer stays fostering deeper language gains (Howard, 2021; Grieve, 2015). While studies often focus on fluency (Tullock & Ortega, 2017), phraseology (Edmonds & Gudmestad, 2021), and identity formation (Coleman, 2015), pragmatic and multimodal dimensions of discourse markers (DMs) remain underexplored. Discourse markers are key to interactional fluency, often reflecting nuanced communicative strategies. One notable example is I don’t know (IDK), which serves both epistemic and discourse-marking functions and is frequently accompanied by gestural cues (Baumgarten & House, 2010; Pichler, 2009). Prior research has linked epistemic IDK to shrugging postures (Debras, 2017) and described distinct gaze behaviors for French je sais pas (Pekarek Doehler, 2022).This longitudinal study examines how multimodal uses of IDK evolve among two French L2 learners of English during a year-long study abroad experience in Ireland. Data consist of five filmed semi-guided interviews per participant. A total of 424 IDK instances were analyzed through a fine-grained coding of pragmatic functions and corresponding multimodal features—body posture, gesture (shoulder lifts, palm-ups, head movements, eyebrow raises), gaze direction, and prosodic contours.Preliminary results indicate that speakers develop specific multimodal patterns associated with IDK over time. For instance, the DM use of IDK often involves reduced phonological form, averted gaze, creaky voice, and a shrug—a combination that undergoes refinement as learners' gestural repertoire and coordination of multimodal cues expand. Our findings suggest that multimodal profiles for IDK reflect evolving communicative strategies and pragmatic competence during immersion, providing new insights into gesture-speech integration in second language acquisition
Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes with N,N-bis(4-methoxybenzylidene)ethylenediamine or N-(4-methoxybenzylidene)ethylenediamine Schiff base
No full textInternational audienceSeven mononuclear complexes were synthesized by mixing N,N'-bis(4-methoxy benzaldehyde)ethylenediamine (L) or N-(4-methoxybenzylidene)ethylenediamine (L1) and copper or zinc salts. These compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, UV-vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, molar conductimetric, and elemental (CHN) analysis techniques. The crystal structures of the zinc complexes were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Crystal data for C18H20I2N2O2Zn: Monoclinic, space group P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.45670(10) Å, b = 13.28610(10) Å, c = 15.43490(10) Å, β = 96.4300(10)°, V = 2130.86(3) Å3, Z = 4, Dcalc = 1.919 g/cm3, 46801 reflections measured (8.51° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 145.92°), 4231 unique (Rint = 0.0565, Rsigma = 0.0185) which were used in all calculations. Crystal data for C18H20Br2N2O2Zn: Monoclinic, space group P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.30071(17) Å, b = 13.00839(18) Å, c = 15.0084(2) Å, β = 97.3057(14) °, V = 1994.74(5) Å3, Z = 4, Dcalc = 1.737 g/cm3, 103282 reflections measured (4.158° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 59.492°), 5360 unique (Rint = 0.0394, Rsigma = 0.0161) which were used in all calculations. Crystal structures show a distorted tetrahedral geometry around the zinc metal. The ligand is bidentate chelating with imine nitrogen atoms. Fluorescence spectroscopy shows a reduction in the fluorescence intensity of the complexes relative to the ligand. This reduction is due to the presence of metal-coordinated halides. The in vitro antimicrobial activities of the ligand and complexes were elaborated by screening them against Gram(+) bacteria (Streptococcus pyogenes), Gram(-) bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and a fungus (Candida albicans). All compounds showed weak activity against the tested bacterial and fungal strains
Cu/Pd Dual Catalysed Stereoselective Construction of Chiral Homoallylic Nitriles Featuring Vicinal Tri- and Tetrasubstituted Stereocenters
No full textInternational audienceThe key importance of the 3D structure of therapeutic and bioactive compounds has been highlighted by recent research. Despite their potential in pharmaceutical development, creating such complex structures, particularly those incorporating tetrasubstituted stereocenters, remains a formidable challenge. Recently, α-cyanocarbanionic metal complexes have emerged as promising nucleophilic intermediates, due to the broad functionalization potential of the nitrile group. Herein, we present an optimized Pd/Cu dual catalytic system that enables the allylic alkylation of secondary and tertiary nitriles under mild conditions, using chiral metal complexes. This strategy offers good to high levels of enantioselectivity (ee up to 91%). Mechanistic investigations, supported by DFT calculations, underscore the essential role of dual catalysis, wherein the orthogonal activation of Pd and Cu partners synergistically governs both reactivity and enantioselectivity. To demonstrate the synthetic utility of this newly developed methodology, the transformation of nitrile-containing compounds was also explored
Three-point bending behavior of individual ZnO nanowires studied by <i>in situ</i> Laue microdiffraction
No full textInternational audienceThe mechanical behavior of piezoelectric semiconductor ZnO nanowires was studied in three-point bending configuration using the custom-built atomic force microscope SFINX coupled with in situ Laue microdiffraction. Besides bending, torsion of the nanowires was shown during mechanical loading. A fracture strength of up to 3 GPa was demonstrated, which is about one order of magnitude higher than that for bulk ZnO. In the case of a piezoelectric material like ZnO, this fracture strength represents the maximum elastic strain that could eventually be converted into electrical energy by the piezoelectric effect. The significantly increased fracture strength found for nanowires compared with bulk ZnO thus offers increased energy-harvesting potential from material flexing. While bulk ZnO is a brittle material, plasticity with the storage of dislocations in the basal plane was shown in the three-point bent ZnO nanowires
Derrière l’Assemblée de la Terre : une équipe et un travail pionnier - Guide pratique de la structuration de l’Assemblée de la Terre
No full textFT-IR analysis of aerosols in microgravity
No full textInternational audienceAerosol evolution is a major challenge in climatology. Many questions remain unanswered, especially in the field of cloud microphysics. The aerosols studied here consist of micrometric water droplets formed from a mixture of water-saturated air and HFE7100, and are studied using a set-up that combines optical microtomography and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR). Parabolic flight experiments were performed with different concentrations of HFE. About 500 droplets are tracked over time. During the microgravity phase (about 22 s), as they move slowly, a high degree of coherence is achieved between successive microtomographic images. This makes it possible to follow each individual droplet and thus to study the overall dynamics of evaporation. FT-IR analysis provides a time-resolved measurement of the evolution of the chemical composition of the gas phase. This work demonstrates the possibility of analyzing aerosols under microgravity conditions using optical microtomography and FT-IR analysis simultaneously. The combination of these two techniques provides access to both the chemical composition and the size distribution of the droplets, opening up interesting prospects for the description of droplet nucleation and evaporation in gas mixture
FT-IR Analysis Of Aerosols In Microgravity
No full textInternational audienceThis work demonstrates the possibility of analyzing aerosols under microgravity conditions using optical microtomography and FT-IR analysis simultaneously. The combination of these two techniques provides access to both the chemical composition and the size distribution of the droplets, opening up interesting prospects for the description of droplet nucleation and evaporation in gas mixtures