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SimNCD: An agent-based formalism for the study of noncommunicable diseases
No full textInternational audienceNoncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are multifactorial chronic illnesses that cause long-term morbidities in a person's life. Their nonlinear and complex dynamics make them difficult to control and predict. Hence, it is crucial for public health researchers and practitioners to understand and model them. This paper proposes a generic interaction-oriented agent-based modeling for NCDs, called SimNCD. It models individuals living within a social network and daily engaging in activities from the physical environment. The practice of these activities stirs the individual's health vulnerability to cure, acquire or maintain NCDs. This modeling can serve as a tool in public health policies for the study of NCDs where the in-dividual's behavior greatly influences the factors predisposing to that disease. We also propose a specified version of SimNCD for modeling childhood obesity, called SimNCD ChO. More precisely, the latter models the complex relationships between children's physical activity and the development of their corpulence during their growth
Solution of Linear Systems by GMRES Method on Global Computing Platform
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Quel enseignement de l’informatique à l’école primaire ? Le point de vue d’acteurs de l’accompagnement des pratiques pédagogiques.
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Tablettes et enseignants à l’école primaire : entre discours et pratiques.
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La captation audio dans le dispositif hybride de la formation infirmière : contribution à l’acquisition des connaissances pour le développement de compétences professionnelles
No full textInternational audienceCet article présente les résultats d’une étude exploratoire dans le cadre du master de recherche en sciences de l’éducation option technologies de l’éducation de l’université de Cergy-Pontoise. Cette étude se centre sur l’utilisation de la captation audio des étudiants infirmiers de première année dans le processus de développement des connaissances et donc dans le développement des compétences professionnelles. En utilisant le modèle d’acceptation et de l’usage des technologies et de la communication (UTAUT), les résultats de cette étude ont permis d’identifier des leviers (la facilité d’utilisation de ressources numériques, les compétences informatiques des apprenants, la multiplicité des équipements informatiques des apprenants) et des freins (une plus-value relativisée de cette ressource, un manque d’interaction humaine, une ressource qui est chronophage dans l’exploitation) dans l’utilisation de la captation audio. Un travail de recherche complémentaire pourrait porter sur la levée de ces freins afin de favoriser l’utilisation de la captation audio par les apprenants dans le dispositif hybride de la formation en soins infirmiers
Oskar Lange and the Walrasian interpretation of IS-LM
No full textInternational audienceA few years after the publication of The General Theory, a number of economists began to present John Maynard Keynes’s model, identified with IS‐LM, as a particular case of the Walrasian model. This view of IS‐LM has often been rationalized by a basic syllogism: IS‐LM was invented by John Hicks, Hicks was a Walrasian, hence IS‐LM was Walrasian. But as some historians of macroeconomics have shown, this syllogism is false. Considering this confusion as an established fact, this article studies how and why IS‐LM came to be considered as Walrasian. It shows that the standard view took its roots in “The Rate of Interest and the Optimum Propensity to Consume,” a paper published by Oskar Lange in 1938, and resulted from a need to clarify the foundations of Keynes’s theory. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER
Decomposing the relationship between wage and churning
No full textInternational audiencePurpose – Applied research shows higher wages are associated with lower mobility at the establishment level. A usual interpretation is that high pay decreases labour turnover. The purpose of this paper is to test if such relationship holds for every type of worker in every type of firm. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based on a linked employer‐employee panel dataset covering the French private sector from 2002 to 2005. The authors compute establishment wage effects and use them as explanatory variables in labour mobility equations (for churning rate and quit rate). Using spline regression models enables to investigate for potential non‐linearities. Findings – The authors show that the relationship between churning rate and wage is non‐linear and has the shape of an inverted J: the relation is negative and intense for establishments with low wage effect, weaker for average paying establishments and even becomes positive for very high‐paying ones. This is true whatever the skill group of workers. It is also true for large establishments while the relationship is still negative but linear for small ones. The relationship between wages and quit rates has a strikingly similar pattern. This suggests that the link between churning and establishment wage effect is strongly related to quit decisions. Practical implications – A possible interpretation of our results is that paying higher wages may be an effective stabilizing tool especially for employers in small establishments and when starting wages are relatively low. Originality/value – The paper is the first to decompose the relationship between wage and mobility. It shows the relationship differs across establishment size and is not linear. The paper also shows quits play a role in this relationship
Unsteady open boundaries for SPH using semi-analytical conditions and Riemann solver in 2D
No full textDue to the Lagrangian nature of SPH, treating inlet/outlet boundaries (that are intrinsically Eulerian) is a challenging issue. An extension to the Unified Semi-Analytical boundary conditions is presented to deal with unsteady open boundaries in confined and free-surface flows. The presented method uses Riemann invariants to calculate flow properties near the open boundaries, thus allowing the possibility to treat complex shapes. Furthermore, details are presented for a parallel implementation of this method, including particle creation and deletion , updating properties of vertices and segments, and additional constraints on the time step. Simple validation cases are then displayed to illustrate the performance of the proposed method as well as the ability to deal with complex problems such as generation of water waves and free outlets
a research support librarian
No full textInternational audienceThe poster shows the different activities of a research support librarian, a new profile at the academic library of the University Lille social sciences and humanities campus (formerly Lille 3).Since 2012, the university library in Lille 3 tries to lead a research support policy. It is not only to develop information resources in connection with the areas of research, but also to respond to changing needs and practices of researchers.This poster aims to present the diversity of services (open archive, workplaces dedicated, digital library, customized workshops) and rich collections (archives, press, literature). Recovery and the increased visibility of the scientific production of researchers are at the heart of these support services to research that develop in academic libraries
Crossed views of burden and emotional distress of cancer patients and family caregivers during palliative care
No full textInternational audienceObjective. Studies regarding natural caregivers’ burden (CB) in palliative situations, as well as its determinants and consequences, have been numerous during the last twenty years. Yet, studies regarding how terminally-ill cancer patients perceive their caregivers’ burden (self-perceived burden, SPB) are less common. This study aims to assess the links between CB and SPB evaluated by means of the very same items. It also aims at identifying the determinants of potential differences between CB and SPB and their consequences on emotional distress among both members of the dyad.Methods. Sixty cancer patients from a palliative care unit and their principal natural caregiver completed questionnaires concerning the subjective burden of the caregiver, their own personal emotional distress and that of the other member of the dyad.Results. Globally, patients had a good perception of their caregivers’ burden, although a little overestimated, except for their difficulties in managing their time. Caregivers overestimated patients’ distress. The minimisation by patients of caregivers’ burden was a source of emotional distress for the latter, and the perception of being a burden to others was a source of depression for patients. These results did not depend on the nature of the relationship between patients and their caregivers.Conclusions. This data confirmed the need to study the experiences of the patient-caregiver dyad as well as their communication of their respective experiences, with a prospect to offer clinical interventions to optimise the quality of life and health of patients and their close relatives